Time‐dependent Expression of MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2 after Rats Skeletal Muscle Contusion and Their Application to Determine Wound Age |
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| Authors: | Tian‐shui Yu PhD Zhuang Li MD Rui Zhao PhD Yan Zhang MS Zhen‐hua Zhang MS Da‐wei Guan PhD |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, Beijing, China;2. Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China;3. Department of Regional Anatomy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China;4. Department of Forensic Pathology, China Medical University School of Forensic Medicine, Shenyang, China |
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| Abstract: | The ability to determine vitality and estimate the survival period after a wound is critical in routine forensic practice. The mRNA levels of MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2 were examined using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR to determine the age of a wound. Furthermore, the colocalization of them with Macrophage Marker, respectively, was detected by double immunofluorescence, and a standardized rat model of skeletal muscle contusion was established. In the antemortem contused groups, a large number of macrophages showed positive staining for MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2, and the expression of MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2 mRNA increased sharply at 3 days postinjury, with relative quantities of 5.75 and 2.98. No samples in the other groups showed relative quantities of >5.75 and 2.98; therefore, relative quantities exceeding 5.75 and 2.98 were strongly indicated 3 days after contusion. In addition, there was a significant decrease in the relative quantity in the postmortem contused groups, indicating that they were useful for diagnosing vitality. |
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| Keywords: | forensic science forensic pathology wound age determination matrix metalloproteinase‐2 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 macrophage quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR |
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