| 政治变革与国家能力——对中国近代宪治探寻的再思考 |
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| 引用本文： | 马一德.政治变革与国家能力——对中国近代宪治探寻的再思考[J].法学研究,2013(6):183-192. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马一德 |
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| 作者单位： | 中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心 |
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| 摘 要： | 从现代化的角度看,宪治探寻在近代中国不是自发启动的,而是在原有的政治体系难以容纳、应付外部因素的强烈挑战时不得不作出的一种反应。在此过程中,政治变革与国家能力呈现出鱼和熊掌难以兼得之势。一方面,中国近代宪治探寻所启动的政治变革始终无法在国家有效政治统合能力的帮持下顺利进行。另一方面,政治变革所具有的合法性因素并未给国家能力提供有效帮助,反而对其进一步消解。这种近乎“负和博弈”的现象可以从中国传统社会形态和中国现代化特殊路径得到部分解释。
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| 关 键 词： | 政治变革 国家能力 近代宪治 |
Political Change and State Capacity |
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| Abstract: | From a modern perspective, exploring constitutionalism is not a spontaneous start in China. It is a reaction when the existing political system cannot accommodate to and cope with the intensive challenge of the external factors. In a series of exploration and practice of Chinese modern constitutionalism, the contradiction between the rational progressive political views and the actual radical political practice have emerged, which is due to a dilemma between the political change and state power. On the one hand, the politic change that initiated by China''s modern constitutionalism exploring has never been able to be engaged smoothly without the help of the effective political integration capabilities. On the other hand, the intrinsic legitimacy factors of political change cannot provide effective assistance to the state power, but further eliminate it. This sort of "negative sum game" phenomenon is actually the result of the form of traditional Chinese society and the special road of Chinese modernization.The reflection on the modern Chinese constitutionalism exploring reveals how the political change and the national ability help each other, and such discussion has undoubtedly practical and theoretical significance. Moreover, making good use of the national capacity accumulated by three decades of economic development, reform and opening up, integrating all sectors of society forces through the expansion of intermediate strength and the cohesion of broad consensus, and then actively promoting political development, are the imperious problems needed facing earnestly today. This may be the historical revelation of our Chinese modern constitutionalism exploring. |
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| Keywords: | political change state capacity constitutionalism exploration |
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