| 《民法典》人格标识“许可使用”的规范解释——以第993条适用范围为重点 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李运达.《民法典》人格标识“许可使用”的规范解释——以第993条适用范围为重点[J].浙江省政法管理干部学院学报,2021,35(5):116-126. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李运达 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 中南财经政法大学 法学院 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目;中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 《民法典》第993条未区分“商业目的”与“非商业目的”，因此不存在人格标识“二元制”保护模式的基础。该“许可”创设之权利并非“商品化权”，而是用益性债权。使用权人基于债之关系对人格标识具有“支配力”，并形成观念占有外形而受侵权法保护。第993条的主体，应扩张至“具有名称的团体”；“姓名、名称、肖像”应排除教名、重复姓名、与曾用名称重复但现已登记的名称及法人形象；“等”人格标识包括以音色为主要保护对象的“声音”和“个人信息”；第993条适用范围应进行限缩解释，以弥合“自己的”限制条件与社会现实之裂痕。我国语境下的“商品化权”，本质系《民法典》第993条、《著作权法》第24条及《商标法》第43条不同“许可”类型所创设的“权利束”，并受到《反不正当竞争法》第6条的兜底保护。
|
| 关 键 词： | 《民法典》 人格权 商品化权 许可使用 人格标识 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-10 |
Normative Interpretation of the “Licensed Use” of the Personality Mark in the Civil Code: the Scope of Article 993 as the Focus |
| |
| LI Yunda.Normative Interpretation of the “Licensed Use” of the Personality Mark in the Civil Code: the Scope of Article 993 as the Focus[J].Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University,2021,35(5):116-126. |
| |
| Authors: | LI Yunda |
| |
| Affiliation: | School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law |
| |
| Abstract: | As Article 993 of the Civil Code does not distinguish between “commercial purposes” and “non-commercial purposes”, there is no basis for establishing a “binary” protection model. The right created by the “license” is not a “merchandising right”, but a usufructuary right. The user has “dominant power” over the personality mark based on the relationship of debt, and forms a conceptual possession shape that is protected by tort law. The subject of Article 993 should be expanded to “named groups”. “Names, enterprise name, likeness” should exclude religious names, duplicate names, names that are duplicates of previous names but have been registered, and corporate images. “Etc” personality mark includes “voice” and “personal information” as main protection objects. The scope of application of Article 993 should be interpreted in a limited way to bridge the gap between “own” restrictions and social reality. The “merchandising right” in the context of our country is essentially the “right bundle” of different types of “licenses” created by Article 993 of the Civil Code, Article 24 of the Copyright Law, and Article 43 of the Trademark Law. It is also protected by Article 6 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. |
| |
| Keywords: | Civil Code personality rights commercialization rights licensed use personality mark |
|
| 点击此处可从《浙江省政法管理干部学院学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《浙江省政法管理干部学院学报》下载全文 |
