网络文化与青少年犯罪的相关性研究

网络文化对青少年的成长有着深刻的影响。网络文化特有的开放性、虚拟性、及时性和综合性等特点,给青少年的思想观念带来了相当大的冲击,造成很大的负面影响,为青少年犯罪心理的形成和发展提供了文化背景,一定程度上导致了青少年犯罪。为此,必须高度重视各种消极影响,积极采取对策,使负面影响降到尽可能低的程度,惟此才能使青少年在网络文化环境中健康成长。     

充分认识社区文化在预防青少年犯罪中的作用

社区是青少年生活的主要场所,是青少年行为引导、控制的主要空间和关键领域。社区文化作为特定地域内人们所共享和遵从的观念和价值系统,对预防青少年犯罪起着巨大的作用。     

Juvenile Delinquency in Japan

SUMMARY

Juvenile delinquency in Japan is examined with respect to Japanese culture. The cultural changes in Japan since World War II, and especially since 1970, have affected family, school, neighborhood, and peer relationships. Changes in juvenile delinquency are presented and discussed within the context of these historical and cultural changes in Japanese society.     

我国末成年入社区矫正制度探析

当前,已有人将未成年人犯罪与毒品、环境污染并列为世界三大公害。面对日趋严峻的未成年人犯罪形势,近年来,法学理论界与司法实践部门进行了一系列的探索,社区矫正作为未成年人司法改革的一项内容,代表了未成年人司法制度的一种发展趋向。对未成年人实施社区矫正,一方面可以使其减轻对社会的抵抗情绪,另一方面也能在互相谅解的基础上促进罪犯与社区的融合。建立未成年人社区矫正制度既是适应我国当前未成年人刑事政策的现实需要,也是国际未成年司法准则的客观要求。为此,我国应当完善立法．为未成年犯社区矫正提供有力的法律依据,并建立相应的机构来执行。     

Design and Implementation of Parent Programs for a Community-Wide Adolescent Alcohol Use Prevention Program

SUMMARY

Project Northland is a comprehensive community trial designed to evaluate programs for the primary prevention of alcohol-related problems during adolescence. It uses a community-wide model, that includes both demand and supply reduction techniques. The first phase of Project Northland (grades 6-8) was completed with the effective implementation of multiple, complementary programs including a multi-year social behavioral curriculum, intensive parental involvement components, peer leadership opportunities, and community-level changes through the formation of local task forces. This article describes the process used for developing and implementing the comprehensive parent interventions used during the first phase of the research, highlighting the elements that led to the successful implementation of the programs with very high participation rates by parents, their young adolescents, teachers, and community members.     

Controlling Crime and Delinquency in the Schools

Abstract

This paper provides an analysis of data on school security measures which were obtained from a survey administered to a sample of 230 high school students. The majority of students indicated that the school police officers and security officers help keep the schools safe and that the drug-sniffing dogs help reduce drugs in the schools, but there was no clear consensus among the students on the issues of whether the video surveillance cameras increase safety, whether the police and security officers should search students with metal detectors, or whether there should be more police and security officers in the schools. The only security measure which the majority of students disliked was the policy that all backpacks be translucent. An examination of gender differences in student perceptions of school security measures shows that males were significantly more likely than females to negatively evaluate the school police officers and to oppose the use of metal detectors in the schools. Finally, the data indicate that the aforementioned security strategies have little impact on the presence of drugs and weapons in the schools. The policy implications are discussed.     

我国未成年犯罪行刑与社区矫正之完善

社会主义的和谐,需要推进社区矫正的完善与发展。未成年犯罪适用社区矫正是社会发展的必然趋势．并将引发未成年犯罪行刑制度的变革。对于未成年犯罪和具有犯罪倾向未成人的矫正,要动员全社会的力量齐抓共管、明确分工、责任到位,以营造未成年人矫正的健康良好氛围,最终构建和谐稳定的社会秩序。     

Vietnamese Youth Gangs in Honolulu

SUMMARY

Traditional theories of the connection between immigrant youth and gangs have not been sufficient in explaining why some are not in gangs. Therefore, this study examines Vietnamese youth gangs in Honolulu and the factors contributing to Vietnamese delinquency and youth gang participation. Twenty-six interviews were conducted with agency, school, police, Vietnamese adults, and Vietnamese youth. Results suggest that though the content of the delinquency model is different for immigrant and nonimmigrant youth, the process is the same. Problems in the home, school, or neighborhood facilitate contact with delinquent youth, and association with delinquent peers increases the likelihood for delinquency and gang involvement. Therefore, participation inyouth gangs depends on peer relationships. This finding is congruent with the perceptions of youth, while adults appear less aware of the effects of peer relationships among youth.     

家庭与青少年犯罪

青少年违法犯罪,是当今各国面临的严重社会问题。这一问题产生的原因是多方面的,其中家庭的负面影响是导致青少年违法犯罪的直接和重要原因。影响青少年健康成长的家庭负面影响,主要包括不良的家庭环境和不当的家庭教育两大方面。要预防和减少青少年犯罪,必须首先从家庭做起。要强化家庭的教育职能,提高家长的素质,营造良好的家庭环境,更新教育观念,讲究教育方法,做到德智并举。     

论青少年犯罪与大众传媒

青少年犯罪日益呈现出低龄化、多样化、频发性等特点。其原因主要包括社会因素、家庭因素、学校教育因素。而随着改革开放的不断深入,以及我国加入WTO后经济、文化领域同国际的不断接轨,大众传媒对青少年犯罪的影响越来越直接、深入。本文试从青少年犯罪与大众传媒的关系这一角度谈谈其原因及控制。     

中国青少年犯罪现状与治理对策

青少年犯罪仍然是我国的一个严重的社会问题。青少年犯罪的特点是盲目性、突发性、结伙性、贪财性和犯罪低龄化。算犯罪原因是多方面的，有生理、心理原因，也有家庭环境、学校环境和社会环境影响的原因。由于个人原因较少，社会原因较多，因此治理青少年犯罪的基本对策应是综合治理，即社会对策和对策。     

论对未成年人犯罪的刑罚

未成年人犯罪已成为当今世界的一个十分严重的社会问题,对未成年人犯罪的处罚也一直是各国刑法共同关注的问题。文章从我国刑法关于未成年人犯罪的处罚原则入手,着重分析了在刑法中可以适用及不适用的刑种,提出可以加大推广非刑罚手段的适用。     

Responding to Children Victimized by Their Peers

Abstract

Because victimization results from the dynamic interplay between the victim and his or her parents, peers, and teachers, responding to this problem should involve both direct and indirect interventions. This paper describes and reviews empirically supported direct interventions with victims, as well as indirect interventions with parents, peers, and school staff. Although the primary focus is on bullying, research on related forms of peer victimization, such as rejection, are included, as these have been subject to more empirical study. The review concludes that there is empirical support for direct and indirect interventions for specific problems associated with rejection, though research studies on interventions for victims of bullying are lacking. In addition, comprehensive primary prevention approaches for reducing bullying have shown promise, but there is a lack of empirically supported secondary prevention efforts that focus on increasing social support for children who, despite primary prevention efforts, continue to suffer the consequences of peer victimization.     

青少年犯罪的网络诱因及防治对策

随着网络逐渐成为我国青少年生活、学习、娱乐以及交往的重要工具,我国青少年犯罪的网络诱因越来越凸显。青少年犯罪的数量日趋增多,其诱因主要表现在网络交往、网络游戏、网上不良信息及网瘾导致的侵财类案件四个方面,除了青少年自身要自律,家庭、学校及社会等方面的责任不容忽视。     

青少年犯罪行刑社会化探析

青少年犯罪行刑社会化,是通过行刑机构努力改善内在环境,增强青少年犯的改造主动性,同时发动一切社会积极力量参与,塑造他们的正常人格,促使其复归社会的一系列过程和手段。青少年犯罪行刑社会化符合对青少年犯罪人从轻处罚的国际司法发展趋势,司法机关应坚决贯彻教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则,通过其家庭与社会各界的参与、合作,提倡人性化的行刑手段,使其早日回归社会,促成整个社会的和谐。     

当前青少年犯罪的特点原因及对策

本文通过对青少年犯罪的特点及主要危害和原因的分析,提出减少和预防青少年犯罪的对策,以期达到使预防和减少青少年犯罪逐步走上法治的轨道。     

青少年犯罪若干问题探析

青少年犯罪已成为现代社会犯罪中一个越来越突出的问题。特别是近几年来,青少年犯罪率一直居高不下,已引起各国政府的高度重视和社会的广泛关注。青少年作为一个特殊的群体,他们的健康成长,直接关系到社会的健康发展和稳定。但在我国现行的有关犯罪的法律条文中还没有出现“青少年犯罪”这一称谓。故此,很有必要从法理上对“青少年犯罪”进行界定,结合青少年犯罪的现状,分析引发青少年犯罪的主要原因,并提出预防和减少青少年犯罪的对策,以期对其立法有所帮助。     

不良书刊对青少年犯罪的影响及防范对策

青少年犯罪是一个复杂的社会现象,其中,不良书刊对青少年的侵蚀和毒害是造成青少年犯罪不可忽视的重要原因之一。由于青少年可塑性大、意志力薄弱,不良书刊不仅对青少年犯罪起诱发、教唆作甲,而且对青少年犯罪心理的最后形成起强化作用,必须采取积极有效措施,制止和根除不良书刊对青少年的影响。     

我国少年刑事政策现代化取向的实体法解读

现代少年刑事政策精神,正逐渐注入我国刑事实体法之中,其必然性结果是促使我国少年刑法制度走向现代化和走向成熟。然而,在我国,现代少年刑事政策精神向刑事实体法的注入,主要不是通过人大对刑法典的制定或修改来进行的,而主要是通过最高人民法院1995年和2006年的两个相关司法解释来进行的,这两个司法解释在不同程度上显现出了我国少年刑事政策以及少年刑法制度的现代化取向。也正因此,在上述司法解释与我国现行刑法之间,不可避免地形成了一种冲突或紧张关系。要想避免司法解释与现行刑事法之间的冲突或紧张关系,一个最终的办法就是通过人大立法,尽快制定、完善我国独立的少年刑法制度。     

对青少年罪犯在改造中“反复”现象的探析

"反复"现象的产生,源于罪犯新旧动机体系的斗争.当错误动机占据优势时,就不可避免地重犯新错,出现"反复".青少年罪犯在改造中出现的"反复"多是由情感、意志动摇引起的,是前进中的"反复".监狱人民警察要多从积极方面看待"反复",对出现"反复"的青少年罪犯,教育改造工作一定要耐心细致,要靠良好行为的强化训练压缩"反复"生存的空间.