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Andrew Halpin 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2011,31(1):91-109
In this contribution I focus on a particular characteristic of Ronald Coase’s work, as exhibited in “The Problem of Social
Cost”: his ability to force upon his audience a clearer grasp of reality than they previously held. More specifically, I aim
to consider to what extent the “blackboard economics” that Coase himself derided have been avoided in a Coasean world, taking
that expression to refer in some sense to a world where Coasean insights can flourish, and as such to be a world not simply
of Coase’s own making but a world that has been developed by others in applying the Coase Theorem. My strategy is to interrogate
the nature of a Coasean world through developing a framework that can look more closely at different approaches to theoretical
modelling, the different worlds involved in these models, and the different positive and normative applications that can be
derived from them. I shall further consider whether the understanding of the law that inhabits a Coasean world reflects a
“real-world” legal environment. Finally, I shall seek to assess the impact of Coase’s work on our understanding of the relationship
between law and economics, in our world. 相似文献
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Dan Okada 《Contemporary Justice Review》2013,16(4):351-353
ABSTRACTOver the past decade, a small movement endorsing the use of animal abuse registries (AARs) has emerged in the United States. Today, one state, 16 counties, and the City of New York have adopted AAR legislation, and 28 other states have attempted to pass such legislation. Here, we discuss similarities between AARs and sexual offender registries in theoretical terms, discuss the nature of AAR legislation, and provide data on the use of AARs, and count the number of offenders listed in those registries at two points in time. We also provide a count of animal abuse, and potential ways that animal abuse might be counted that are not addressed in current AAR legislation. We discuss whether AARs are ‘a good idea,’ especially as a policy response that might be associated with green criminology. 相似文献
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This paper describes the latest stage of an ongoing attempt to update and upgrade CPTED’s concepts and actions and link them
more closely to developments in architecture, design and crime science. The concept of territoriality, for example, is central
to the practice domain of CPTED. Yet territoriality is only vaguely defined within that domain, as are the other core concepts
such as activity support and target hardening; and all of them confusingly intersect and overlap. The paper attempts a remedy
by developing a suite of definitions in depth, relating the core concepts to various frameworks and discourses developed for crime prevention and design against crime,
and more generally exploring ways in which CPTED could become richer and more subtle. It will also consider the ‘dark side’
of the environment, covering offenders’ countermoves to prevention and their own counter-exploitation of space, buildings
and what they contain. The ultimate intention is to produce a more rigorous, yet deeper and better-integrated conception of
CPTED useful for practice, research and theory alike. The paper should be considered as work in progress, indicating what
might be possible and stimulating debate rather than offering a definitive resolution of the issue. Further steps are suggested
and constructive contributions from readers are invited. 相似文献
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The global production of knowledge is grossly skewed to the northern Anglophone world (Hogg et al. in International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 6(1), 1–7, 2017; Connell 2007). It should be no surprise therefore that criminology’s origin stories are derivative of northern experiences, yet generalised as universal theories of crime causation. In this article, we argue that the origin stories of criminological theory translated the ‘darker’, ‘hairier’ and ‘muscular’ masculinities of the global south into prototypes of dangerousness. These prototypes were first articulated as scientific claims in the nineteenth century works of Lombroso, but have been refined and embedded in mainstream criminological discourses well into the present, mainly through the quantitative study of social disorganisation, ‘race’ and racialised masculinities as variables in crime causation. The paper concedes that while deeply troubling expressions of violent masculinity exist now and in the past in the global south, it is mistaken to conceive this violence simply as expressions of atavism or social disorganisation associated with a less civilised world. On the contrary, this paper argues that the violence of colonality itself has had, and continues to have, a criminogenic impact on the present. 相似文献
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Paul H. Robinson 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2018,12(3):411-426
It is easy to understand the apparent appeal of strict liability to policymakers and legal reformers seeking to reduce crime: if the criminal law can do away with its traditional culpability requirement, it can increase the likelihood of conviction and punishment of those who engage in prohibited conduct or bring about prohibited harm or evil. And such an increase in punishment rate can enhance the crime-control effectiveness of a system built upon general deterrence or incapacitation of the dangerous. Similar arguments support the use of criminal liability for regulatory offenses. Greater punishment rates suggest greater compliance. But this analysis fails to appreciate the crime-control costs of strict liability. By explicitly providing for punishment in the absence of moral blameworthiness, the law undermines its moral credibility with the community and thereby provokes subversion and resistance instead of the cooperation and acquiescence it needs for effective crime control. More importantly, the system’s lost moral credibility undermines the law’s ability to harness the powerful forces of stigmatization, social influence, and internalized norms. Given the serious limitations inherent in the real-world application of general deterrence and preventive detention programs, the most effective crime-control strategy is to build the criminal law’s reputation for being just, which means avoiding the use of strict liability. 相似文献
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Michelle Louise Wirth 《International Journal for the Semiotics of Law》2009,22(1):83-104
This paper provides a brief explanation and illustration of the phenomenon of semiotics. It then describes the conceptual
tools of semiotics and how lawyers can use semiotics in law to create compelling arguments. Last, the paper applies the tools
of semiotics to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court case Ferguson v. McKiernan, 940 A.2d 1236 (Pa. 2008), to reveal the shift in social context that made the lines of legal reasoning behind the outcome
appear “self-evident.” 相似文献