记E.M.福斯特

在剑桥,我进王家学院一点也不偶然。1939年我刚到英国,就结识了王家学院两位文学界杰出人物:汉学家魏礼和小说家福斯特。魏礼不大写信。即便我的书信未在文革中全部失去,他的信我手里也没有几封。面对面,他也总十分腼腆,从不侃侃而谈。他说话一向是探讯对方的意见多于自我表述。福斯特则     

高教质量观念.概念.标准

质量是教育的生命线,对于承担着高级专门人才培养的高等教育来说更是如此。硬件论、多元论、层次类别论、水平级差论、结果论、目标达成论等种种质量观,都忽视了高等教育的核心问题是培养高级专业人才,这一高等教育的主要功能与核心质量,此外,知识技术、社会服务、文化传承等也是现代大学的功能与质量构成要素,这是高等教育中层质量。高等教育系统内所有其他因素都是为了质量实现而提供的保障,保障与质量合并为广义高等教育质量。该定义与质量分层,为质量标准体系的编制和相关的大学分类与功能定位等,提供了逻辑依据与思路。     

G.A.柯亨的社会主义观

自称是社会主义者的柯亨一生的学术主旨和最终指向是探索人人平等的社会主义。他在社会主义的实现方式、社会主义的优越性和实现社会主义的障碍等方面提出了新的观点,并以此为基础,呼吁当代的马克思主义者要在长期稀缺的历史背景下,做艰苦的规范性求证工作,为社会主义的正义性和优越性进行辩护,探索解决在大型社会中实现社会主义的社会组织技术难题,从而最终实现社会主义。     

J.S.密尔的代议制民主探究

作为代议制民主理论的集大成者,密尔在其著作《代议制政府》中详细论述了代议制政府的自身构建问题,对于当前无论是资本主义还是社会主义的代议制民主都具有极大的借鉴意义。从密尔代议制民主的优越性,其代议制民主的折衷性,代议制民主的弊端以及代议制民主的基础对密尔的代议制民主理论进行探究。     

The new U.S.-China rapprochement： A view from Africa

The U.S. and China recently held a ＂dialogue＂ at the behest of policy makers in Washington for the mutual benefit of their governments and people and ostensibly the rest of humanity as well. Coming at a time of increasing quest for natural resources by many countries including China and Chinese obviously bourgeoning influence in Africa, that Washington decided to engage Beijing certainly, not only betrays U.S. apprehension over the emergence of a strong competitor for Africa＇s resources but also an attempt to whittle down China＇s growing international stature especially on the African continent. While the Chinese will not likely succumb to the U.S., this new found rapprochement between the two will certainly intensify the resource scramble in Africa. Whether the ＂severe＂ interest for African resources will benefit the continent or not depends on how African countries are able to manage the ensuing resource race between the U.S. and China.     

In Memoriam: C. C. Aronsfeld (1910–2002)

ABSTRACT

Enoch Powell's ‘rivers of blood’ speech, delivered forty years ago, in April 1968, had a significant impact on British politics. Commentators are divided between those who have defended Powell's remarks and those who have condemned them. Hillman evaluates the responses, and reassesses the speech. He focuses on five key issues: Powell's motives; whether the speech was racist and/or racialist; the relationship between the speech and Conservative Party policies; Powell's electoral impact; and his forecasts with regard to numbers of people with minority ethnic backgrounds within the population.     

融入超我的恋母情结——D.H.劳伦斯恋母情结新探

长久以来，文学界普遍认为劳伦斯通过《儿子与情人》中的主人公“保罗”这一人物刻画了自己童年期、少年期和青年期独特的心理存在——恋母情结。这一点毋庸置疑。可是，但凡依据弗洛伊德精神分析学理论的评论，绝大多数的论断是其恋母情结归属劳伦斯的本我。本文将通过对《儿子与情人》关键情节与《D．H.劳伦斯：一份私人档案》的剖析，综合运用弗洛伊德精神分析学说多个理论论证其恋母情结应当部分的融入了劳伦斯的超我，并阐释其运作。     

Б.明茨接受挑战

本文是明茨教授在《和平与社会主义问题》杂志编辑部举行的以“现代资本主义:现象与本质”为题的国际“圆桌”会议上的发言。资本主义还没有完结。资产阶级制度已存在的时间并不太长:200到350年(如果与上千年的封建主义、亚细亚生产方式来相比的话)。我们希望资本主义很快灭亡的急躁情绪是没有根据的,尽管当资产阶级制度还不到100年时,马克思认为未来的革命不远了。今天有不少证据证明了资本主义的生命力,例如,一体化和跨国化的过程开始了,离这个过程的完成还远。在现代资本主义制度下,国民收入的30％到60％以上由国家占有和再分配:这已经不是私人占有,而在颇大程度上是社会占有了。资本主义生命力的标准在于,资本主义学会了解决使用价值与交换价值之间的矛盾,这是借助于转向消费者并为此而斗争,通     

Coalition formation on the U.S. Supreme Court: 1969–2009

We apply a fallback model of coalition formation to decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court, focusing on the seven natural courts, which had the same members for at least two terms, between 1969 and 2009. The predictions of majority coalitions on each of the courts are generally borne out by the 5–4 decisions, whereas the predictions of the Martin-Quinn (Political Analysis 10(2):134–153, 2002) model, which assumes a single underlying dimension along which the justices can be ordered, are not. The present model also provides insight into the dynamic process by which subcoalitions build up into majority coalitions and, in addition, identifies “kingmakers” and “leaders” on the natural courts. Furthermore, it provides evidence, from coalitional memberships, that a few justices shifted over time from one ideological camp to another.     

Contract Management Capacity Breakdown? An Analysis of U.S. Local Governments

Research indicates that successful government contracting depends on sufficient internal management capacity. Numerous studies have examined the decision to contract out and its pitfalls, but few have tracked government contract management capacity. This study explores whether a change is observable in the capacity of U.S. local governments to engage in effective contracting from 1997 to 2007. The authors discuss whether this change represents a decline or degradation, and in which form and type of government it occurred. Using data from 537 local government units, the analysis reveals that some aspects of capacity have declined as local governments continue to contract out for highly complex services. The authors speculate on the reasons behind the findings and suggest capacity enhancement strategies.     

承继与超越——论J.S.密尔的功利主义自由观

作为19世纪英国功利主义的重要思想家之一,密尔在西方自由主义发展史上居于重要地位.密尔从功利原则出发,借鉴和吸收古典自由主义和前期功利主义的理论成果,在综合考虑和深刻把握时代背景的基础上,提出了一整套诸如多数暴虐、思想言论自由、个性发展自由等既具自身特色又切中时代脉络的自由理论,实现了对于古典自由主义的一个超越.     

So Hard to Say Goodbye? Turnover Intention among U.S. Federal Employees

Why do U.S. federal government employees choose to leave the federal service? By focusing on turnover intentions, this article develops propositions about why employees anticipate leaving their jobs along three dimensions: (1) demographic factors, (2) workplace satisfaction factors, and (3) organizational/relational factors. Two distinct measures of turnover intention are advanced that reflect those who intend to leave their agency for another position within the federal government and those who intend to leave the federal government for an outside position. The 2006 Federal Human Capital Survey is used to test the impacts of three clusters of independent variables on these measures of turnover intention. The findings suggest that overall job satisfaction and age affect turnover consistently. Practical recommendations are outlined for public managers seeking to boost employee retention.     

Incumbent positioning, ideological heterogeneity and?mobilization in U.S. House elections

This article examines whether the need to mobilize citizens pushes incumbents to the ideological extremes in U.S. House elections. We test whether incumbents are more ideologically extreme as the ideological heterogeneity of the district increases and if turnout increases as incumbents become more extreme. These tests combined with the observation that divergence decreases with competitiveness suggest that candidates balance the need to attract swing voters with the need to mobilize supporters. The results also suggest that the growth in elite polarization is linked to the growing ideological heterogeneity in the electorate.