Japan’s ‘pro-nuclear civil society’: Power in the analysis of social capital and civil society

ABSTRACT

Civil society research can be categorized into a school in the tradition of Gramsci focusing on social movements and a Tocquevillean school focusing on associations and social capital. The author reviews both schools’ research on the Japanese case and analyses a number of pro-nuclear citizen groups built up by the Japanese nuclear industry. The author analyses their financial data and historical development to demonstrate that they have been built up as countermovement by the nuclear industry. The author traces their mobilization processes to criticize the social capital approach. In Japanese political science, traditionally a dense web of hierarchical associations and ties of obligation have been seen as enforcing clientelism and top-down political control. This makes Japan an interesting case for the social capital approach. Social capital researchers have reinterpreted hierarchical networks as indicators of a strong civil society. Taking into account Bourdieu’s notion of social capital challenges this view and supports arguments of state influence forwarded by parts of the Gramscian school.     

加强精神文明建设全力构建和谐社会

构建社会主义和谐社会,实现人与自然、人与人、人与往会的和谐桕处,是党中央落实科学发展观的具体体现,其至关重要的一环是加强社会丰义精神文明建设。精冲文明建设反映和体现着和谐社会的目标要求。深化精神文明创建工怍,     

改革开放以来我国价值观变迁的基本特征和主要原因

改革开放以来,中国社会价值观发生的变迁具有两个最明显的特征,这就是社会主流价值观发生了一定变化,一元价值观与多元价值观、整体价值观与个体价值观、理想价值观与世俗价值观、精神价值观与物质价值观各自形成了一种张力关系。这些变化与社会结构的变迁和经济体制的转轨、全球化进程中的文化开放和文化碰撞以及主体意识的觉醒等密切相关。     

中国特色社会主义文化建设基本战略问题初探

文章认为 ,社会主义精神文明和中国特色社会主义文化具有内容上的同一性。就战略地位而言 ,加强精神文明和文化建设无论是对民族、国家、现代化 ,还是对社会主义、执政党 ,都具有重要意义 ;从发展战略上看 ,建设中国特色社会主义的文化 ,就是以马克思主义为指导 ,以培育有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民为目标 ,发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的 ,民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化。实施文化战略 ,开创文化建设新局面 ,必须处理好古今、中外、社会效益和经济效益、主旋律与多样化、思想道德建设和教育科学文化建设等基本战略关系     

A study of social exclusion： Vietnamese and mainland Chinese brides in Taiwan

This paper interviews Vietnamese and mainland Chinese brides in Taiwan to explore their experiences of social exclusion. It finds that both Vietnamese and mainland Chinese brides more or less experience social exclusion in one of the political, social relation and welfare dimensions. The dimension of social exclusion that neither of the groups has experienced is spatial exclusion. In comparison, the Vietnamese brides have been more afflicted by economic and cultural exclusion and use more government services. The government service item that has been used most frequently is ＂eugenic hygiene＂, and ＂life adaptation counseling＂ ranks the second. As to other government service items--＂upgrading of education and culture＂, ＂personal safety protection＂ and ＂guarantee of employment rights＂, Vietnamese brides with strong support from their husband＇s family are the main group who use them. In the future, while planning supportive foreign brides＇ policies, the government can focus more on combining the services with foreign brides＇ family and the communities they live in. Then, it can advocate more effectively usages of services and the goal of combating social exclusion.     

文化建设与构建和谐社会

文化建设是构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求和重要组成部分,正确认识文化在社会发展中的重要地位和作用,正视当前时期我国文化建设中面临的矛盾和问题,并提出解决这些矛盾和问题的有效办法,是当前构建社会主义和谐社会面临的一个重要课题.     

Democratic Transition and Economic Transition： The Case of Tunisia

This paper develops the issue of economic transition linked to a democratic transition that a developing country, Tunisia, is living following the revolution of 2011. Tunisia has made a profound change, it is currently developing new institutions, however, it is not an annuitant country, its activities and economic performances depend on political stability and the choice of the implemented politico-economic system. The question is whether the operating political forces will affect the direction of structural changes, thus toward a transition of breakage or the direction of adaptive transition. Neo-liberalism, practiced for 30 years, has developed an entrepreneurship structured as small and medium enterprises, whose performances are variable according to the sector and the state role. With the revolution, the country entered in a phase of political, social, and economic instability. A new constitution is passed, the political system installs the multiparty system, the country has a tradition of openness to the rest of the world, the challenges are numerous and the question of the role of the state in the economic sphere is very acute. The analysis is based on the observation of facts and the review and analysis of data relating to politics and economy, observed in the period before the revolution and after the revolution.     

E-government gateway project and authentication： The case of Turkey

Parallel to the advancements in information and communication technologies, certain risks and security problems also arise, one of which is the authentication problem. In order to control who can have access to information sources, it is of utmost importance to develop an advanced authentication mechanism. It is through this mechanism that one can protect personal information, and prevent unauthorized access to the information or services provided. Likewise, this mechanism can block unauthorized persons to change or release information that is not public. All the work being undertaken in this field can be named as access control. The concept of authentication is among those concepts that have been studied for a long time in Turkey in the context of rapidly growing e-transformation efforts. In the process of e-transformation, the transformation circle is completed by first defining the concept of modeling business processes, followed by the formation of automation process, and lastly, providing services in electronic medium.     

论农村文化建设与和谐社会的构建

我国经济的发展为文化的发展奠定了坚实基础.但是,我国文化建设方面差强人意,没有很好地发挥文化的促进作用.其中一个原因便是:没有发展好农村文化事业.农村人口占全国总人口的一半以上,抓好农村文化建设,是我国实现社会主义现代文化的重要环节.同时,农村文化建设为构建和谐社会主义起到举足轻重的作用.如今,农村文化是我国文化建设的薄弱环节,农村文化问题日益凸显.本文将针对农村文化发展的现状,初步探讨发展农村文化的措施.     

推进文化建设 促进社会稳定

推进文化建设,对维护社会稳定具有十分重要的作用。文化建设的内容包括:加强文化教育,开展健康有益的文化活动、正确引导文化消费、强化文化管理等内容。     

“文化墙”：美化环境 传播文明

安徽铜陵市结合美丽乡村建设,做“活”农村文化,育“实”乡风文明,精心打造图文并茂、群众喜闻乐见的农村“文化墙”,既清除了过时的标语口号和乱涂乱画,美化了村容村貌,又在潜移默化中弘扬先进文化,推动精神文明建设。目前,“文化墙”建设已在铜陵市全面推开,覆盖60％以上的行政村,面积超过20000平方米,成为广大乡村一道靓丽的风景线。     

和谐成都的人文环境与文化构建

和谐是一种文化的体现,构建和谐社会不能不研究其所需要的人文环境和文化的构建。成都深厚的文化传承中蕴含着和谐基因,这是成都建设和谐社会的重要文化基础。在文化的传承与创新中构建和谐成都,要创新执政理念和价值文化、互补互济、求同存异、协调利益关系;要建设和谐的制度文化,以政通达致人和;要在传统文化的继承与创新中弘扬城市精神;要确立和谐文化的主旨,营造健康向上、积极进取的都市文化。     

Knowledge,innovation and sustainability： The implementation of voluntary environmental policies in Greece： The case of environmental management systems

The paper focuses upon the issues of knowledge, innovation and sustainability concerning the implementation of voluntary environmental policies in Greece, and in particularly, through assessing the implementation of environmental management systems （EMS）. The first part of the paper refers to the theoretical background of EMS, presenting selected aspects from the approaches of the new economic geography and the new regionalism and from ecological modernization theory. In the second part, the implementation of EMS in Greece is highlighted, mainly focused on the profile of the enterprises, the sectoral and regional distributional pattern and the main problems during the implementation. The third part presents the main results of the empirical research on the impact of EMS implementation, concerning sustainability （e.g., water and energy savings, alternative renewable resources, sound waste management）, innovation （e.g., product or process innovation） and participation. The role of knowledge, during the process of implementation of EMS, is analyzed in the forth part of the paper. In the last part, recommendations for future policies are described, aiming at promoting strategies of EMS in urban areas and enchasing the role of local government.     

科学发展观视域中的文化建设

科学发展观是中国特色社会主义文化建设的指导思想,它消除了传统发展观中经济和文化的对立,体现了文化建设的价值功能,同时,为文化建设增添了丰富和深刻的内涵。科学发展观视域中的文化建设具有基础性、战略性、紧迫性、创新性等显著特点。我们要以科学发展观为指导,积极推进文化建设。     

农村基层文化建设现状研究——以河南省鄢陵县郭营村为例

近年来,虽然郭营村的经济水平不断提高,但是,伴随之发展的基础文化建设却相对滞后,存在一系列问题,比如文化活动场所缺乏,远程教育接收站、图书室等不完善,文艺骨干队伍、健身运动等方面也与村民的要求相差甚远。加强郭营村基层文化建设的对策如下:加强宣传文化教育;加快村庄文化网络设施建设;改革农村公共文化服务的供给和设置方式;制度上保障村民文化权益;送文化下村;普及网络知识等。     

档案工作与精神文明建设

档案是人类在各个时期社会实践活动的真实记录,是宝贵的历史文化遗产,档案工作是精神文明建设的重要组成部分.重视这项工作,对于建立社会主义共同理想和促进社会主义精神文明的发展,具有极为重要的意义.     

A Common Future and a Common Identity： The Transformation Process of Political and Social Identities in the South Caucasus Countries

In reflecting on the case of the South Caucasus （Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia）, one of the most popular perspectives is its lack of a common identity. The main argument is that it is a culturally diverse region with old-fashioned, ethnically exclusive nationalism. From this point of view, the process of the formation of a European identity in the region acquires particular importance. A European identity could act as a catalyst for bringing the region together. This identity could be considered as based on much more than just political orientation but fundamentally grounded in common values. This comprehensive integration in the South Caucasus can be achieved through the formulation and acceptance of a common political identity based on the political orientations of the South Caucasian States and their citizens. The main question that this study tries to answer is how people in the South Caucasian countries identify themselves in terms of a European identity. A suitable analysis is increasingly important at both the micro and the macro levels. The author examines the people＇s attitudes in the three South Caucasian states toward Western culture, states, and organizations, drawing on opinion polls conducted by the Caucasus Research Resources Center （CRRC）. The author seeks to analyze attitudes toward the West in the South Caucasus on a macro as well as on a micro level. The author seeks also to provide a much-needed analysis for decision making, based on empirical data that help understand public opinion toward the European Union （EU） in the countries of the South Caucasus, and that can contribute to the refinement of integration strategies.     

The language of politics and the politics of language: Unpacking ‘social exclusion’ in new labour policy

Since the election to power of New Labour in 1997, the concept of social exclusion has played a defining role in framing welfare policy. The rapid absorption of its terminology in government discourse has signalled a shift away from existing notions of inequality and disadvantage to a broader understanding of material poverty, which also includes (or instead prioritises) other social, cultural and political factors. This has important implications for New Labour policy-making. In particular, it allows for problems of inequality and disadvantage to be reinterpreted and new political measures to be introduced. Such measures produce different effects across space and society, which may be argued to disadvantage policy subjects. The aims of this paper are to explore how social exclusion has become installed as the primary framework of welfare policy in the UK and to examine the key assumptions embedded within specific policy formulations using discourse and content analysis. It thus points towards the importance of language in stipulating relatively enduring and stable sets of socio-political connections, and its role in mediating a particular (political) vision of the relationship(s) between state, economy and society as implicit in New Labour's ‘Third Way’.