共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
《社会福利与家庭法律杂志》2012,34(1):19-36
Taking a comparative perspective, this article examines the effect upon single persons of eligibility criteria for access to new reproductive technologies in the UK, using as a parallel recent developments in this area in Australia. Through an analysis of the decision of the Federal Court of Australia (Victoria) in McBain v. State of Victoria & others [2000] FCA 1009, in which state legislation that prohibited single women from gaining access to assisted conception services was deemed contrary to the Commonwealth's Sex Discrimination Act 1984, the article examines the potential for challenging the current access provisions in the UK. This is particularly relevant in the light of developments at the supra-national level, including the recent incorporation into domestic law of the European Convention on Human Rights and the increasing potential of European Union law to touch upon health-care matters. 相似文献
2.
《香港基本法》是全国的宪法性法律,是香港特区的根本法。为了落实\"一国两制\"的精神,《香港基本法》的规定其解释权属于全国人大常委会,同时《香港基本法》规定全国人大常委会可以授予香港各级法院附条件的《香港基本法》解释权,由于二者的立场、视角、法律传统和利益存在着一定的分歧,因而在立法解释模式和司法解释模式之间存在一定的冲突与碰撞。《香港基本法》在解释主体、权限和程序设定方面存在一些问题,在实践中也引发了宪法危机,因此,应该针对存在的问题,逐步加以完善。 相似文献
3.
4.
Consuelo Chacartegui 《美中法律评论》2010,(11):19-29
Nowadays, sexual orientation is a cause of discrimination with its own autonomy in laws of European Union. The Treaty of Amsterdam, which came into force on May 1, 1999, marks a significant milestone for homosexual, bisexual, and transsexual persons. In this process, the rich experience of the European Union in combating discrimination due to gender in the workplace is very important. The great opportunity created by article 13 of the Treaty of Amsterdam was the extension of protection to a much wider range of discrimination, including sexual orientation. On the other hand, if we consider the situation of lesbian, bisexual and transsexual women in the workplace, it may be very difficult to ascertain if the discrimination is due to their gender or their sexual orientation. In fact, cases of double discrimination are very common. For example, The Commission's 1991 Code of Practices on Sexual Harassment states that lesbian women are disproportionately at risk of sexual harassment. This is revealing the potential overlaps between gender and sexual orientation, with a great difficulty to adapt anti-discrimination protections to deal with these situations. 相似文献
5.
香港基本法明确规定 :香港特别行政区行政长官既是香港特别行政区的首长 ,也是香港特别行政区政府的首长。这说明行政长官在法律地位上具有双重身份。运用比较研究的方法 ,深入研究行政长官这一特殊法律地位的特性表现 ,并从行政长官所拥有的职权 ,进一步考察行政长官的职权与其特殊法律地位的关系 ,将有助于全面了解香港特别行政区行政长官的角色特征 相似文献
6.
中外夫妻财产立法比较研究——兼论我国《民法典·婚姻家庭编》中夫妻财产立法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对中外夫妻财产立法的比较研究 ,找寻各国夫妻财产立法差异性的深层次原因 ,以为我国在民法法典化过程中 ,作为婚姻家庭法重要组成部分的夫妻财产关系的制度化、系统化、完备化提供参考 相似文献
7.
我国内地、香港、澳门三地的合同法律制度有较大的差异,主要表现在合同的订立、合同的形式、合同当事人的能力等方面均有所不同,法律冲突在所难免。解决三地合同的法律适用问题的首要原则是意思自治原则,最密切联系原则应作为意思自治原则的补充,有些合同有其特殊性,可做例外处理,直接指出其应适用的法律。 相似文献
8.
Robert Wintemute 《The Modern law review》2014,77(2):223-253
Is there a middle path between the existing case law of the European Court of Human Rights, which rarely requires accommodation of a religious individual's beliefs, and a ‘general right to conscientious objection’, which would exempt religious individuals from all anti‐discrimination and other rules interfering with manifestations of their beliefs? The author argues that failure to accommodate is better analysed as prima facie indirect discrimination, to highlight the exclusionary effects of non‐accommodation on religious minorities, and that the presence or absence of direct or indirect harm to others (or cost, disruption or inconvenience to the accommodating party) could guide case‐by‐case assessments of whether the prima facie indirect discrimination is justified. The author then applies a harm analysis to the examples of religious clothing or symbols and religiously motivated refusals to serve others, recently considered by the European Court of Human Rights in Eweida and Others v United Kingdom. 相似文献
9.
基本法不是香港的宪法,根据基本法的规定审查香港立法机关制定的法律是否违反基本法并确定被审查法律的效力的权力,应称之为违反基本法审查权。无论从基本法的规定、香港原有法律传统还是其他法律理论或实践来看,香港法院行使违反基本法审查权均缺乏法律根据。香港法院自我设定违反基本法审查权,混淆了中央与地方权力关系、偏离了基本法设立的香港政治体制、扭曲了基本法与普通法之间的关系。香港特区终审法院自行纠正错误先例,由全国人大常委会解释基本法第17条,并根据基本法第20条授予香港特区终审法院对违反基本法的香港立法机关制定的有关法律的审查权,是解决违反基本法审查权问题的理想方案。 相似文献
10.
2007年2月,解决投资争端国际中心受理了香港投资者蔡叶深与秘鲁政府之间的投资争议。本案仲裁庭作出的管辖权裁定认为香港永久居民可以享受中国政府1994年与秘鲁缔结的双边投资协定的保护。该观点忽略了在一国两制的框架下,香港永久居民在国际法上某些权利的来源,并且违反了条约解释的国际法原则,造成对缔约方的原意曲解。本案也间接反映出香港特区在双边投资协定实践方面的不足。 相似文献
11.
我国婚姻家庭立法与私法具有一致的价值取向,即正义。但婚姻家庭关系有其特殊性,因而作为身份法又有其自身特点,应以公平价值优先于自由与平等价值。在夫妻财产约定的效力问题上更应体现公平的价值取向。 相似文献
12.
《社会福利与家庭法律杂志》2012,34(3):215-228
In 1988, the infamous ‘section 28’ inserted a provision in the Local Government Act 1986, forbidding local authorities from the promotion of homosexuality. During 1999/2000, attempts were made in Scotland, and in England and Wales, to repeal and replace this provision. Whereas the Edinburgh Parliament was successful in this endeavour, political opposition in the House of Lords prevented repeal at Westminster. This article argues that section 28 must be removed because it is incompatible with the Human Rights Act 1998. In particular, it examines the evolution of Convention case‐law in relation to issues of free expression, protection of family life, the right to education and non‐discrimination. 相似文献
13.
2007年香港居民蔡叶深向ICSID申请投资仲裁这一案件引发了中外BITs能否适用于香港特区这一问题。尽管从BITs中关于“投资者”的定义中似乎可以得出肯定的结论,但根据《维也纳条约法公约》的解释规则、中国法律的规定以及中国政府的惯常做法,我们可以得出这样的结论:中外BITs中的“投资者”并不包括“在香港有永久性居留权的中国公民”,即中外BITs不适用于香港特区。 相似文献
14.
《社会福利与家庭法律杂志》2012,34(1):3-16
This article evaluates a three‐year Family Mediation Pilot Scheme introduced in Hong Kong in the year 2000. The findings of that scheme showed that users of the service generally considered that their time and money were saved and that mediation was effective in helping them to reach solutions on matters of dispute. On the basis of these findings, a framework covering the major parameters of family mediation services was developed. This noted that a service model which best suits Hong Kong is one whereby court‐based and community‐based services coexist, allowing couples to join the relevant service at any point during the divorce process. It should also be a service that is pluralistic and diverse in terms of the service and professional backgrounds of the mediators, thereby meeting the needs of a diverse clientele. Finally, it should offer an approach in which couples proceed to litigation only when mediation has been unsuccessfully attempted. 相似文献
15.
This paper argues against the search for a general theory of crime causation in comparative criminology. It includes a critique of two advocates of general theory, and offers three propositions which suggest appropriate strategies for theory construction in comparative research. 相似文献
16.
香港法院对合同中免责条款的理解 ,与我国大陆地区甚至其他普通法适用地区均有所不同。本文通过对决定免责条款效力的两个主要因素——免责条款的订入与解释原则的论述 ,并结合《管制免责条款条例》的相关规定 ,阐述了香港法院在限制、解释免责条款方面的理解及其发展。笔者还对香港法院的此种理解作了启发性评论。 相似文献
17.
随着近年来跨境犯罪的增加,粤港澳警方的刑事警务执法合作体系的构建也越来越趋于成熟,刑事警务执法合作的内容与机制已经初具模型,对中国区际刑事执法合作的研究具有示范性意义。司法实践主体在代为调查取证、送达法律文书、情报交流、缉捕遣送通缉犯、追缴和移交赃款赃物、刑事案件管辖移交、学术交流等合作内容的基础上逐步构建了完整的粤港澳合作机制。 相似文献
18.
修改后的内地刑法增加了“强迫乞讨罪”,虽然中国内地与香港刑法均有与“乞讨”相关的罪名,由于两地分属不同的法系及两地人权保护理念和社会保障制度完善程度的不同,使两地对有关乞讨行为的法律规制诸如立法时限、犯罪主体、犯罪对象和法律处罚等有较大的差异。 相似文献
19.
社区警务是20世纪末在国际范围内兴起的一种适应市场经济体制的警务模式,这种模式已经成为国际警务发展的大趋势。作为原英国殖民地,香港的法律制度和警察体制都深受英国警务制度的影响,从而形成了具有香港特色的较为严谨的法律体系和专业警察队伍。20世纪70年代,英国的社区警务制度在香港悄然兴起,并在遏制犯罪和促进警民关系等方面起到积极作用,形成了相对完整、系统的社区警务模式。香港回归以来,内地公安机关逐渐引入香港先进的警务模式和理念,从而对大陆的警务政策的制定和警民关系的维护产生了巨大的影响。 相似文献
20.
Catherine So-kum Tang 《Journal of family violence》1994,9(4):347-356
The present study explored the extent of spouse aggression in Chinese families in Hong Kong. Subjects were 246 female and 136 male undergraduate students who reported on the various forms of interparental aggression and violence. About 75% of the subjects reported interparental verbal or symbolic aggression and 14% indicated the use of physical violence between parents. In general, compared to mothers, fathers engaged in more verbal aggression against their spouses. Mothers were as likely as fathers to use actual physical force toward their spouses. Interparental responses to family conflicts did not vary with children's gender except that female subjects observed that fathers reasoned less but engaged in more insulting, throwing, smashing, hitting, or kicking things than mothers. 相似文献