试论黄遵宪的《日本国志》对中国清末宪政改革的影响

黄遵宪是近代中国第一个对日本明治维新进行实地考察研究的外交官和思想家。他所撰写的《日本国志》是中国近代第一部系统而深入地研究日本的百科全书式著作。在《日本国志》中,黄遵宪对日本明治维新后法律制度的状况进行了客观介绍评论。该书对日本成功移植引进西方的宪政思想和制度的评介,对清末宪政改革产生了深远的影响。     

黄遵宪《日本国志》中的宪政思想及其影响

黄遵宪是近代中国第一个对日本明治维新进行实地考察研究的思想家。其撰写的《日本国志》是“中国近代第一部系统而深入地研究日本的百科全书式著作”。在《日本国志》中,黄遵宪对日本明治维新后宪政制度现状的客观评介,为近代中国输入了全新宪政思想,也为清末宪政改革提供了重要的借鉴。     

试论黄遵宪《日本国志》对中国近代刑法改革的影响

黄遵宪(1848-1905),广东嘉应州(今梅州市)人,字公度,号人境庐主人、观日道人、东海公等,是中国近代著名的诗人、外交家、史学家和思想家。其撰写的《日本国志》是“中国近代第一部系统而深入地研究日本的百科全书式著作”。〔1〕在《日本国志》中,黄遵宪对日本明治维新进行了全     

《华东政法大学学报》2007年总目录

法理.法史礼的合法性价值初探……………………徐燕斌(1.100)罗马的公犯诉讼及其惩罚………………任强(1.107)清末民初的县衙审判……………李贵连俞江(2.70)中华法系思想内涵与基本特点再探………………………………韩秀桃徐伟勇(2.126)试论黄遵宪的《日本国志》对中国清末宪政改革的影响……………………………张锐智(2.140)《二年律令》所反映的汉代告诉制度……程政举(3.98)中国法律职业资格同质化质疑……………李翔(4.20)美国《第一次冲突法重述》败因的法社会学分析……………………………………………王承志(4.84)中国法学教育的历…     

书《旧抄内定律例稿本》后

<正> 在《沈家本未刻书集篆》中,《旧抄内定律例稿本》比其它十九种都特殊一些。故在本书出版之际,写上几句话。 1994年初冬,笔者由北京大学派遣,作为交换学者,前赴东瀛,进行为期一年的学术交流研究活动。我的对应学校是位于东京都内的法政大学,研究课题是《近代中国法律的变革与日本影响》。从唐朝开始吧,一直到本世纪三十年代抗战爆发,中日两国法律的互动关系,一直是近代以来两国法学研究者所关心的课题,也是两国近代法学所无法回避的问题。在国内,我侧重研究近代中国法律,特别是晚清和民初中国法律由传统进入近代这一历史过程。晚清法律改革的主持人是中国近代法学的奠基者沈家本先生。因此,研究这一历史过程、研究近代日本法     

略论近代甲午以前中国知识分子对中日关系的考察与研究

近代甲午战争以前中国知识分子考察日本的活动取得了一批有价值的成果,他们对中日文化同源性、中日关系等方面进行了研究;这些无疑对近代中国产生了重大影响。但他们对中日关系的认识也存在缺陷,比如他们基本上都有中日联盟的思想,而只有黄遵宪等极少数人提出要警惕日本的扩张野心。     

黄遵宪对中国近代平等法律思想的贡献探析

黄遵宪是中国近代著名的诗人、外交家、史学家和思想家。作为中国近代早期外交官,他较早地走出国门实地考察日本、欧美等国家,亲身感受到列强崛起、中国落后的严峻现实。作为一代中国近代启蒙思想家,他始终在寻找适合中国国情的改革理论和具体路径。正是在爱国主义情怀和理性认识中外差距的共同作用下,黄遵宪逐渐形成了独具特色的近代平等法律思想。该思想在中国近代法律思想史上具有划时代的意义。     

中国近代法学留学生与新中国初期的法治建设

本文主要从四个方面论述了中国近代法学留学生与新中国法制建设的关系。第一 ,许多近代法学留学生没有跟随国民党政权前去台湾而留在大陆的原因。第二 ,近代法学留学生对新中国的立法、司法和法学教育所作的贡献。第三 ,1957年反右斗争中近代法学留学生对自身生存方式的呻吟。第四 ,1957年反右斗争中近代法学留学生对新中国法制建设中一些错误做法的批评。     

《万国公法》与清末国际法

《万国公法》是译成中文的第一本西方国际法学著作 ,现在能见到的最早版本是同治三年 (1 86 4)京都崇实馆本。该书首次将近代国际法的基本原则、思想观念以及概念术语带入中国 ,对中国学术界产生了巨大的启蒙作用 ,直接促进了清末中国近代国际法学的诞生。     

沈家本的法学教育思想及其现代启示

沈家本作为中国历史上第一位近代意义上的法学家,其法学教育思想既包括对法学教育重要性的阐述,也包括对具体办学思路的探讨。沈家本的法学教育思想对于当下中国法学教育的改革仍然不失积极的借鉴价值。     

从南京大屠杀的发生看日军的战略时机选择——以日方思虑为中心的考察

西安事变和平解决后,日本感于以抗日为主要诉求的中国国家整合取得了成效,有可能导致其侵略利益丧失,因而发动全面侵华战争.在日本看来,南京是当时中国抗日的中心,不占领南京,"推翻"国民政府,就不能"膺惩"中国,于是扩大战争到南京.最终,日军把暴行作为战略手段,企图以此来压服中国,南京大屠杀由此发生.     

Formal and informal control views in China,Japan, and the U.S.

Purpose

This study compared and contrasted the views of formal and informal crime control among college students from China, Japan, and the U.S., and examined the correlates behind the views.

Methods

Using the same questionnaire, this study collected data from 1,275 completed surveys in the three nations.

Results

The study revealed that both Chinese and Japanese respondents evaluated formal and informal control and their combination in crime control as more important than American counterparts did. The variable trust in police was a predictor of attitudes toward formal control and the mix of formal and informal control in all the three nations. Demographics in the U.S. were more important factors than in China and Japan in predicting the respondents' ranking of the importance of formal control and informal control and their combination in crime control.

Conclusions

This is the first empirically comparative study of the perceived importance of formal and informal mechanisms in crime prevention and control in China, Japan and the U.S. The study found both similarities and differences in the perceived importance and reasons behind them. More research is needed in the future.     

论9·7钓鱼岛事件中的国家责任问题

日本9月7日在钓鱼岛海域对中国渔船冲撞、对渔民抓扣事件在中日两国都引起了较大反响。中国为促使日方停止非法行为,采取了中日建交38年以来罕见的反制措施。日前,外交部要求日方承担赔偿责任,日方则予以拒绝。那么,从国际法的规范性角度究竟应该怎样看待日方的行为以及中国的反制?当前国际法学界对此缺少探讨与回应。     

难行监督之事的监事——日本监事制度的发展历程与启示

我国公司法与日本公司法不仅对公司管理结构有着相似的规定,而且在公司监事的实务方面也面临着许多相似的难题。通过对有着100余年历史的日本监事制度修改历程的研究,总结其在解决这些难题上的经验与教训,必定会对我国公司内部监督体制的发展与完善,提供非常有益的参考。     

Forensic-medical assessment of pathomorphological changes in the myocardium in blunt chest trauma with an isolated heart contusion

A total of 37 autopsy cases were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 17 victims who had died of closed blunt trauma of the chest with isolated heart contusion made by fists, feet in shoes. Group 2 (control) consisted of 20 cases of sudden death of ischemic heart disease because of atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis. Fragments of the heart containing endocardium were studied on the microscope JEIL-SM200 (Japan). Endocardium pathomorphology was represented by relief changes of the endocardium, structural arrangement of separate groups of muscular fibers above the endocardium surface, hemorrhages and blood clots, endotheliocyte desquamation, prelacerations, lacerations and destruction of the endocardium.     

日军遗华化学武器诉讼案及其前景析——兼论日本的战后责任问题

近年来,日军遗华化学武器致人伤亡事件不断发生,从1996年起中国受害者就开始在日本法院提起民间索赔诉讼,但迄今无一最终胜诉.民间赔偿不同于战争赔偿,中国受害者的民间索赔诉讼属日本未尽的战后责任问题,这不仅涉及受害者利益,而且关乎中日关系.2006年4月3日中国民间对日索赔联合会在北京成立,开启了中国民间对日索赔的国内诉讼程序.另一方面,中国政府也应从各方面给受害者的索赔诉讼提供支持,包括尝试国际求偿.但这一问题的解决最终还有赖于日本正确看待其侵略历史,彻底履行战争责任.     

The “Waiver of Right” Issue in Chinese Civil Claims for War Reparations from Japan—Review of the Two Judgments of the Supreme Court of Japan on April 27, 2007 —Review of the Two Judgments of the Supreme Court of Japan on April 27, 2007

It is still a hot debate: Does China still have the rights to civil claims for war reparations from Japan in spite of its signature of the Sino-Japanese Joint Communiqué of 1972? The Supreme Court of Japan has recently made a number of relevant judgments on this issue, which have cited several specific reasons and have touched on the principles of customary international law and the officially disclosed negotiation documents on the normalization of China-Japan diplomatic ties. This paper is a response to the reasons cited by the Supreme Court of Japan, which analyses the controlling doctrines and issues involved in this debate, including the Framework of Peace Treaty of San Francisco with Japan, the legal effect of the Sino-Japanese Joint Communiqué and its relationship with the Peace Treaty between Japan and Taiwan (China). Through this analysis, this paper reaches the conclusion that the Sino-Japanese Joint Communiqué does not waive the civil claims of China for war reparation.     

中国犯罪构成体系不必重构

It becomes a tendency to introduce the German and Japanese theory in the structure of crime to restructure that of China. However, Chinese structure of crime is not that poor as criticized, while that of Germany and Japan applauded by reformist also has disadvantages, such as the confliction inside the system, the deviation of actuality and original intention and the only systematic notion, etc. The issues of Chinese structure of crime, e.g. the relationship of the constituents is not clear and the concept of crime deduced from the structure of crime is too simple, can be solved by carrying through the object-preferred step-up notion and setting up the concept of crime with various meanings. Thus, the current structure of crime does not have to be restructured. Li Hong, professor of criminal law, works at Law School of Tsinghua University. He got his M.A. and Ph.D, first at Wuhan University, China and then at Doshisha University, Japan. His primary research is focused on the elements of crime, corporate crime and Japanese criminal law and his main publications include Study of Omission, Study of Corporate Crime and Reflection on General Criminal Issues, etc.     

清末民法学的输入与传播

1 90 2至 1 91 1年间西方民法学通过日本的媒介在中国传播 ,来华的日本学者、各种公私法政学堂学生与留日学生以及民间机构 ,通过编译和创办法科教育引进日本民法学 ,中国学者在这个时期基本完成了吸收、消化和创立自己的法学概念体系的过程。