尼泊尔投资环境及中尼经贸现状分析

尼泊尔是我国的友好邻邦,经济发展较为落后,同时也正因为如此,尼泊尔对我国希望进军南亚的企业来说是个巨大市场。中尼之间经济具有较大的互补性,双边经贸合作存在较大的发展空间。本文主要介绍尼泊尔的贸易管理制度和投资管理制度以及中尼经贸合作的现状和影响双边经贸合作的因素等,供有关部门和企业参考。     

尼中关系的历史、现状与未来

历史上,尼泊尔与中国有着悠久、良好的文化、政治、经济关系。自1950年代两国建立正式外交关系以来,尼中进一步加强了文化交流、政治往来、经贸合作,尼中之间乃至南亚与中国之间的发展合作前景广阔。     

印度与南非经贸合作分析

印度与南非恢复外交关系以来，逐步采取多项措施，推动双边经贸合作的发展。鉴于两国的良好政治关系、较强的经济互补性、悠久的历史文化联系，印南在经贸合作上取得显著的成效。这种经贸合作，体现了两国经济发展较快，贸易结构不同，印度持有贸易逆差等特点。尽管两国在经贸合作中存在贸易条件差异，及相关技术与人才短缺等问题，但双边经贸合作符合两国经济发展战略，对于推动发展中国家之间的经贸合作，具有一定的意义。     

21世纪海上丝绸之路背景下中国—东盟经贸合作研究

与东盟国家共建21世纪海上丝绸之路是深化中国—东盟经贸合作的纽带,具有重要的战略意义,而中国—东盟经贸合作将丰富和发展21世纪海上丝绸之路建设的内涵。本文基于中国—东盟经贸合作发展现状,剖析中国—东盟经贸合作发展存在的问题,并提出新时期推动中国—东盟经贸合作发展的对策。     

对外交流与学术动态

9月28至29日,第二届中尼民间合作论坛在京举行,尼泊尔工商界、工业部官员及学者等共22人与会。中方有政府官员、企业家、学者约60人参加。国务院副总理姜春云、全国人大副委员长王光英分别会见了尼泊尔代表团。会议就双方发展经贸合作的潜力、投资环境及发展前景等进行了广泛而深入的研讨,两国企业家进行了经贸洽谈并签订了九个意向书。第二届中尼论坛取得了圆满成功。国务院发展研究中心名誉主任马洪、原副主任张磐、我所副所长董文杰均参加了有关活动。     

对外交流与学术动态

4月10日,我所领导及特约研究员王宏纬拜访了尼泊尔驻华大使尤巴拉杰·辛格·普拉丹教授,双方就尼泊尔和南亚地区形势以及如何进一步发展中尼友好关系等问题进行了亲切、友好的交谈。     

尼泊尔政局与中国的策略选择

从地缘政治角度看,尼泊尔对中国具有重要的战略价值和现实意义,不仅可以促进我国西部边疆稳定和国家主权安全,而且其＂转口经济＂战略与我国西部大开发战略可以形成战略互动。尼泊尔政局党派林立,政见各异;明争暗斗,合纵连横,造成议会选举与新宪法制定困难重重,直接影响本国经济发展和社会稳定。我国对尼策略应当坚持＂不干预但须有所作为＂的原则,并制定具体的外交策略、安全策略、政治策略、经济策略和文化策略,以维护我国对尼政策的法律道义、政治信誉和民族信誉,并将尼泊尔发展成为＂中国连接南亚的国际大通道＂和＂中国与南亚自由贸易区先行示范区＂。     

中俄两国“战略协作伙伴关系”:内部矛盾、解决措施与发展前景

中俄两国开始构筑“战略协作伙伴关系”，这无论对双边关系还是国际关系都具有重大意义，也会对东北亚区域合作关系的进步产生推动作用。然而，在这种新型关系的内部却存在着明显的矛盾，即两国政治协作关系效果显著，而经贸合作关系运作滞后，从而影响了中俄两国关系的全面发展。要解决中俄两国政治协作关系与经贸合作关系发展不平衡的问题，必须加大双方经贸合作的措施和力度，面向２１世纪实现战略升级的宏伟目标     

印度在尼印边界问题上的政策分析

尼印边界问题发端于19世纪初,至今仍然是两国关系中的不稳定因素。尼印边界问题中最大的问题是纳尔沙伊森林、苏斯塔与卡拉帕尼问题。印度实行积极介入、先易后难、加强安保和以发展促安宁的对尼边界政策,是源于全面控制尼泊尔、遏制东北地区分离主义运动、打击国内纳萨尔运动以及防范中国介入南亚事务的战略需要。     

元代以来西藏与尼泊尔边境管理及边界划分

中国和尼泊尔是友好邻邦，历史上及新中国建立后，双方对边界的管理本着友好和协商一致的原则进行，保持了边界的安宁。本文从中国传统的治边思想以及历代王朝对边疆地区的经略的分析，说明藏尼边境管理及其边界的划定促进了祖国统一、民族安定和各民族的交流融合。西藏与尼泊尔边境管理与边界划定堪称典范，在经济全球化的今天，中尼双方正在实践和行使好国家领土的主权，实现中尼双方经济双赢和人民安居乐业。     

Terrorism,counter-terrorism,and critique: opportunities,examples, and implications

This article explores the parameters, value and limitations of different critical strategies for those dissatisfied with the contemporary politics of terror. It argues, first, that the prominent (counter-)terrorism paradigm – in which terrorism is approached as a ubiquitous and very specific security challenge meriting appropriately exceptional responses – is far more critiqued than we might anticipate. And, second, that such critiques – which can be found across political language, popular culture, everyday life, and beyond – employ distinct critical resources to serve varying ends. Reflecting on these, the article offers a new heuristic distinguishing five critical strategies which seek to: (i) repudiate; (ii) question; (iii) subvert; (iv) replace, or (v) deconstruct the prominent counter-terrorism paradigm. This typology, it argues, offers scope for optimism and strategic resources for those attracted to a critical terrorism studies project going forward.     

Population, Prophets, Pensions, and Politics

As immigrant populations in Western welfare states grow at a faster rate than the native populations, whose birthrates have declined dramatically in recent years, Europe's tradition of democracy and tolerance is threatened. The reasons for the birthrate decline and the resultant aging of the native population are many and complex, but one important contributing factor is the pay-as-you-go pension system, which reduces people's immediate dependence on children. Moreover, the payroll and social security taxes that support the welfare state reduce the earnings capacity of men and women of the traditional age for having children, thus pushing down the birthrate. It is time to consider whether modern Europe's small-size families and high pensions are sustainable     

Indigeneity,Ethnicity, and the State: Australia,Fiji, and New Zealand

This article draws on the politics of indigeneity to distinguish the claims of first occupancy from simple ethnic identity politics, illustrating that relative political marginalization in Australasia is not so much a function of minority status but of indigeneity itself. The politics of indigeneity's aim is to create political space for self-determination and a particular indigenous share in the sovereign authority of the nation-state itself. The Australasian states are compared with Fiji to demonstrate that the significance of historical constraints on political authority transcend the withdrawal of a colonial power and the restoration of collective indigenous majority population status.     

Pakistan,India, China,and the United States: Energy,Climate Change,and National Security

This article focuses on the interplay of energy, climate change, and national security issues in Southwest Asia, using the newer definition of “national security” to include energy security, economic development, and climate change, as well as traditional security focusing on the military aspects.     

Culture,liberation, and 'development'

Most of the socio-economic changes taking place in Africa and much of the South are externally driven. External agencies, often in league with the State, by-pass working people and do not involve them in the decision-making processes. Their economic approaches ignore people's cultures and their world view. This denies working people a creative capacity to adapt new techniques and knowledge to their own concrete reality. This article argues for the importance of the historical frame of reference and for the centrality of culture in socio-economic processes. The author argues against approaches which are not culturally familiar to working people.     

The roles of,and relationships between,expatriates, volunteers,and local development workers

This article reports on exploratory research based on interviews with expatriate and local aid workers employed by local and international NGOs in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Thematic analysis of the interviews found that personnel were placed in groups based on their job category – consultant, volunteer, or permanent staff – regardless of experience. These categories logically reflect each worker's pay level, purpose, and role, but they may also have an implicit power meaning which reinforces group differences and inhibits inter-group relationships. Relationship building was reported to be the most important factor contributing to the success of capacity-development initiatives. Four sub-themes were identified: communication, friendship, reciprocal learning/teaching, and confidence.     

Negotiation,politics, and management

Book reviews in this article:
Samuel B. Bacharach and Edward J. Lawler , Power and Politics in Organizations: The Social Psychology of Conflict, Coalitions, and Bargaining .
Max H. Bazerman and Roy J. Lewicki , eds., Negotiating in Organizations .
Jeffrey Pfeffer , Power in Organizations .     

Privatisation,multinationals, and corruption

Recent initiatives from the OECD, the World Bank, and others on the subject of corruption have received widespread attention. However, the author argues that the incidence of corruption is closely connected with contracting-out, concessions, and privatisation, where multinationals based in OECD countries stand to gain profitable business. The encouragement of privatisation by the World Bank, and the economic benefit to OECD multinationals from this business, mean that action against corruption needs to involve effective sanctions by developing countries against multinationals which engage in corrupt practices; greater political transparency to remove the secrecy under which corruption flourishes; and resistance to the uncritical extension of privatisation. This article looks at empirical evidence on this subject.