Historical Conditions and Experiences Summary of China's Human Rights Development Path Since the Founding of the PRC

Since the founding of the People's republic of china, the path of human rights development in china has been based on national liberation and state sovereignty.The practice of human rights protection in the 30 years before the launch of reform and opening-up accumulated the conditions for the practice after the launch of reform and opening-up.reform and opening-up have provided the great motivation and opportunity for the development of human rights in china.against the background of international practice, china's human rights development path, since the founding of the People's republic of china, has been developed in the fight against human rights diplomacy that interferes in china's internal affairs with human rights used as a political tool.it has gone through the process from evasion to passive counterattacks, and then actively participating and playing a leading role.The 70 years' development of human rights in china shows that human rights progress is highly dependent on the country's construction of the rule of law, and the coordinated and comprehensive promotion of human rights protection policies promotes the overall progress of the human rights.in order to promote human rights with development, the transition from the top-down path to the combination of top-down and down-top path is suggested.     

History of the PRC's Participation in International Human Rights Affairs and Its Contribution to the Cause of International Human Rights

The history of the participation of People's republic of china in international human rights affairs can be mainly divided into two phases since its founding 70 years ago, and it can be further divided into four stages with typical events after the launch of reform and opening-up.Since the adoption and implementation of the reform and opening-up policy in the late 1970 s china has witnessed the active participation and fruitful achievements of china in bilateral and multilateral human rights cooperation and communication, as well as making important contributions to the international human rights cause.     

The Communist Party of China Has Always Been the Firm Core of Leadership for China's Human Rights Development and Progress

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the human rights cause in China has developed and progressed through the period of democratic revolution, the early founding of the People's Republic of China, the new period of reform and openingup, and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. all previous national Congresses of the Communist Party of China have made illustrations and arrangements on human rights issues, and the successive Party leaders have made important expositions on human rights issues. The Party and the state have enacted a series of policies, laws, and regulations to protect human rights in various periods. China has made historic and great achievements in human rights practice and created a human rights development path suited to China's national conditions. China's human rights development over the past century has fully proved that the CPC has always been, and it remains, the firm core of leadership for China's human rights development and progress.     

The Logic of Change of the CPC's Human Rights Discourse Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China70 years ago,the human rights discourse of the Communist Party of China has been constantly updated.In the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China,the CPC spontaneously formed a collective discourse on human rights with the right to subsistence and self-determination as its core;in the 1980 s,in the process of reflection and refutation,the CPC paid more attention to individual rights,and gradually increased the sense of a human rights discourse with Chinese characteristics;since the 1990s,the CPC has combined the specific national conditions and the international environment to form a human rights discourse.The system of human rights discourse has been constructed in terms of the order of priority of human rights protection,path of human rights development,relationship between human rights and sovereignty,and development of the world human rights cause.Since the 18~(th) National Congress of the CPC,the CPC has put forward the idea that "living a happy life is the primary human right" at home and the idea of building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings for the world,and the discourse system of human rights with Chinese characteristics has gradually been improved.The independent variable of the change of human rights discourse of the CPC is the specific national conditions at different stages and the recognition of national identity formed on this basis.The other variable is the international environment and external relations that China is facing.     

The Centennial History and Significance of the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Persons with Disabilities by the Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China has been concerned with the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities since its founding.in the period of the new democratic Revolution and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it adopted a series of protective measures in various forms in line with local conditions.Since the reform and opening-up, the cause of persons with disabilities has developed in an all-around way under the leadership of the CPC.especially since the 18th national Congress of the Communist Party of China, the protection of human rights for persons with disabilities has been innovatively developed, and persons with disabilities have been truly participating in social affairs and share the country's development gains as equal subjects of rights.The centennial history of the Party's protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities shows that the CPC's ideas of human rights protection consecutively comprise humanitarian assistance, humanitarian protection, and people-centered human rights protection.The main identity of persons with disabilities has changed from the object of protection during the revolution to the object of medical care and social welfare, and the subject of human rights.The content of protection of rights and interests has developed from survival assistance to comprehensive protection including education, rehabilitation, employment, etc.The dignity, autonomy, equality, and social participation of persons with disabilities as the subject of human rights have become increasingly prominent.     

Summary of the 2018 Symposium on National Human Rights Education and Research

The 2018 Symposium on National Human Rights education and Research summarized the achievements in human rights education and research in china, in the past four decades of reform and opening-up, especially since the 18 th National congress of the communist Party of china The Meeting mainly concentrated on topics "new era of human rights education and talents cultivation" and "new era of human rights theory innovation and academic orientation" An overall outline of human rights education system have been constructed in china and details of the concepts from a macroscopic to a microcosmic perspective show the features of china's human rights education and research institutions The discussion of academic topics has predicted the development trend of theories of china's human rights in new era, and expanded relevant comparative research and empirical research.     

New Development Concept Guides the New Development of Human Rights Theory in China

The new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing has posed new requirements for the development of human rights theory in China. Innovation is the impetus and vitality for the development of human rights theory and is required for the study of human rights in terms of its content, method, and form. Coordination is the social basis for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights theory can be scientific and persuasive through coordination of the interests of all parties concerned. Green is the natural basis for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights theory can have rich connotations and far-reaching impact through ecological protection and environmental control. Openness is the international vision for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and the international influence of human rights theory in contemporary China can be increased constantly through international exchange and dialogue on human rights theory. Sharing is the value pursuit for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights should be jointly constructed and shared by the entire people in an all-round way.     

Business and Human Rights: A Study of the Interaction Between Policy Concept Shifts and Business Practices in China

The international agenda on business and human rights has entered a new era when the united Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights was endorsed in 2011 Meanwhile, as china is growing to become one of the biggest economies in the world, chinese businesses are exerting greater impacts on human rights in and outside china The "Pillar II" policy shift of the chinese government regarding human rights refers to the translation of human rights from norms of public law to value principles for the private sector including businesses, and such a policy shift has been both a result of chinese businesses dealing with "imported human rights challenges" in china, and one of the reasons for chinese businesses tackling "exported human rights challenges" in overseas investment and trade Through a series of policy changes, the chinese government has transformed international human rights principles and norms into a value system and code of conduct meant for chinese businesses to respect and observe, which can greatly enhance the awareness and capacity of chinese businesses in fulfilling the irresponsibility to respect human rights in and outside china on the other hand, the challenges and opportunities from different dimensions are faced by the chinese government and businesses in business and human rights Therefore besides effectively fulfilling its duty to protect human rights, the chinese government needs to optimize and strengthen its "Pillar II" policies, so as to push and support chinese businesses in knowing and showing their responsibility to respect human rights at both perception and practice levels.     

On China's Reform and Opening-up and the Evolution of the Views of Human Rights

The dominant human rights views in a country or region is closely related to the economic and social development of that country or region and is closely related to human rights practices. Since the launch of reform and opening-up, the development of China's conception of human rights has gone through many stages. The changes of contemporary Chinese human rights conceptions have gone through the stages from the views of human rights to the theories of human rights, to the norms and practices of human rights, and human rights conceptions developed from avoidance to controversy, from passiveness to initiative, and from learning to construction, which reflects the continuous development of China's human rights cause. By analyzing the journal records through a search of the human rights and its related keywords, it is possible to chart the evolution and historical context of contemporary Chinese human rights theory.     

论我国残疾人受教育权的法律保障

受教育权是一项基本的人权,是每个公民都应该享有的基本权利。残疾人作为公民,其权利本应该受到法律保护。新中国成立以来,尤其是改革开放以后,我国特殊教育事业有了新的发展,残疾人群体受教育的权利进一步得到保障、素质进一步提高。但是,就我国目前的教育环境来看,残疾人受歧视和受教育＂边缘化＂的现象仍然很严重。残疾人是一个困难群体,需要我们特殊的关爱和支持。因此,残疾人受教育的权利必须从法律上给予保障和完善,从而在社会实践中给予很好地落实。     

The Practical Basis and Theoretical Innovation of Human Rights in Contemporary China——Theory of Human Rights Structure Moving towards Developmentalism

The practice of human rights in contemporary China puts forward an urgent demand for the innovation in human rights theories.On the basis of summarizing the practice of human rights in contemporary China,the developmental theory of human rights holds that human rights are the value consensus and social norms fostered by the common crisis faced by all human beings under the background of globalization of market economy.The free,comprehensive and harmonious development of all people is the ultimate goal of human rights.Taking the right to human development" as a purposive right can provide more enlightening explanations for the relational structure of human rights.     

建国以来中国共产党人发展观的演变

对当代中国社会发展问题的认识,是一个前后相继、不断与时俱进的历程,从毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民再到以胡锦涛为总书记的新一代党中央,都进行了长期的艰辛探索,终于形成了适合中国国情、具有中国特色的科学发展观,标志着我们党对社会主义发展规律认识的不断深化。     

Human Rights Connotations and Contemporary Values of Traditional Chinese People-Based Thinking

The time-honored traditional Chinese minben(people-based) thinking has rich implications for human rights. The concepts of min and minben are much in line with their contemporary counterparts of "human" and "people orientation". Upholding the belief of "people as the foundation of states", minben advocates the fundamental political status of the people, and requires leaders to implement "people-oriented" policies. Its encapsulation of the theoretical foundation and basic requirements for the protection of human rights enabled it to promote the protection of people's livelihoods and civil rights in ancient China. Its sublimation in contemporary China has had, and will continue to have, a far-reaching impact on the development of human rights in China.     

Ecological Civilization,Socialism,and Scientific Development

T HIS July marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China(CPC),whose first national congress back in 1921 heralded the social revolution that would liberate the Chinese people from feudal,imperialist,and bureaucrat capitalism oppression.Under the lead-ership of the CPC,the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.Seventy or more years later,with the development of socialism with Chinese characteris-tics,China has reached a medium-high ranking on the human development index,and greatly improved the living conditions of its 1.4 billion people,among other achievements.     

人民法院不应限制刑事附带民事诉讼受案范围

现阶段 ,我国人民法院刑事附带民事诉讼受理范围 ,只限于被害人因人身权利受到犯罪行为侵害而遭受的物质损失和财物被犯罪行为损毁的物质损失。这与设立刑事附带诉讼制度的立法宗旨相悖。限制刑事附带民事诉讼受理范围的立论根据站不住脚 ,其最大危害是不利于保护被害人的合法权益。对于因犯罪者非法占有、处置被害人财产而使其遭受的物质损失 ,用追缴、责令退赔的方式有程序上难以克服的弊端。人民法院应严格依法办事 ,并在法律原则的范围内积极探索、创新 ,不断完善刑事附带民事诉讼制度     

社会主义初级阶段理论的社会．转型观

在当代历史条件下 ,要理解中国社会转型的历史地位就必须正确认识当代中国社会主义建设实践与当代中国社会转型实践的关系。中国共产党关于社会主义初级阶段的理论正确解决了当代中国社会主义建设实践与当代中国社会转型实践的关系问题 ,从而为当代中国社会转型的历史定位奠定了历史观理论基础。     

Charting a Course for the Coming Years

SHORTLY after the Spring Festival,China be-gins its annual"political season"with the con-vening of the Two Sessions,the session of the National People's Congress(NPC)and that of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).This year both of these events have a very special significance.First,it will be the start of a new Five-Year Plan period,and secondly,this year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Commu-nist Party of China.This will be the source of a great deal of celebration throughout the year.     

Outline of the Construction of Chinese Human Rights Culture in the New Era

in the broadest sense, respecting and protecting human rights is a major achievement in the progress of human civilization. human rights culture is the most essential feature of human rights. from the perspective of the development of human civilization, human rights culture reflects a country's thinking and wisdom as well as its civilization level and represents a country's cultural soft power. Chinese human rights culture in the new era is a socialist human rights culture in a broad sense, a human rights culture in the new stage of development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a narrow sense, and an ideological spirit and moral strength of Chinese human rights culture in a certain historical period. at a new historical starting point, strengthening the construction of China's human rights culture in the new era and gathering the strength of China human rights culture have important practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for building China's human rights theory, developing advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, consolidating the confidence in socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, building a country with a strong socialist culture, and enhancing China's cultural soft power.     

社会工作介入城市回族社区建设之探讨

本文立足于当代中国城市回族社区建设的需要,从社会工作的价值取向、功能及工作方法和技术的分析入手,认为社会工作已经构成城市回族社区建设的新要素,社会工作的介入能够使城市回族社区建设获得更大的绩效。在此基础上就社会工作介入城市回族社区建设中需要注意的问题提出了一些建议。     

论“以人为本”方针的主体观

"以人为本"方针的主体观是对马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论主体观的发展,是对当代中国的社会问题和观念的回应,同时吸收了国际人权观念和中国传统的民本观念."以人为本"方针的主体观涵盖了所有的人,是对基本人权和人的价值的肯定和认可.从观念层面上看,"以人为本"方针主体观是社会发展的体现;从制度层面上看,"以人为本"方针主体观的实现还有赖于制度建设的有效性.