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1.
Disordered eating behaviors and substance use are two risk factors for the development of serious psychopathology and health
concerns in adulthood. Despite the negative outcomes associated with these risky behaviors, few studies have examined potential
associations between these risk factors as they occur during adolescence. The importance of accurate or inaccurate weight
perception among adolescents has received increased interest given documented associations with nutritional beliefs and weight
management strategies. This study examined the associations among the perceptions of weight and substance use with disordered
eating behaviors among a diverse sample of normal weight and overweight adolescent males and females. Data came from the 2007
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). The sample consisted of 11,103 adolescents (53.4% female; 44% Caucasian, 21% African
American; 13% Hispanic; age responses ranged from 12 and under to 18 and over), with 31.5% meeting criteria for being either
at-risk for obesity or already obese (i.e., overweight). As hypothesized, overestimation of weight among normal weight adolescents
and accurate perceptions of weight among overweight adolescents were associated with higher rates of disordered eating behaviors.
In normal weight adolescents, use of all three substances (tobacco, binge drinking, and cocaine) was associated with each
disordered eating behavior. In contrast, findings revealed differences for overweight adolescents between the type of substance
use and disordered eating behavior. Post hoc analyses revealed that gender moderated some of these relationships among overweight
individuals. Implications for the development and implementation of secondary prevention programs aimed at reducing disordered
eating behaviors, substance use, and obesity risk among normal and overweight adolescents are considered. 相似文献
2.
Previous findings have shown both beneficial and adverse effects of parents’ attempts to influence adolescents’ eating habits.
The current study examined the differential effect of parents’ persuasion (e.g., encouragement, giving information) and pressure
tactics (e.g., guilt induction, ridicule) and the moderating influence of parental warmth on older adolescents’ emotional
and behavioral responses. An ethnically diverse sample of 336 older adolescents (M age = 18.6; SD = 1.1; 58.0% female) were surveyed. Adolescents who reported higher levels of pressure tactics by parents reported more negative
affect and behavioral resistance. Perceived parental warmth moderated the influence of persuasion tactics, but not pressure
tactics. For adolescents with low parental warmth, high levels of persuasion were associated with more negative emotional
and behavioral responses; persuasion had the opposite associations for adolescents with high parental warmth. These results
suggest that parental warmth plays an important role in how older adolescents respond to parents’ persuasion tactics. However,
when parents use more forceful pressure tactics to influence eating habits, adolescents react negatively regardless of the
overall quality of the parent–adolescent relationship. 相似文献
3.
Theim KR Sinton MM Stein RI Saelens BE Thekkedam SC Welch RR Epstein LH Wilfley DE 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(1):86-97
Developmentally relevant high-risk dietary situations (e.g., parties where tempting foods are available) may influence overweight
youth’s weight control, as they increase risk for overeating. Better self-efficacy for coping with these situations—which
preadolescents may learn from their parents—could foster successful weight control. Overweight preadolescents (N = 204) ages 7–12 years (67% female), each with one parent, separately completed the Hypothetical High-Risk Situation Inventory
(HHRSI) pre- and post-weight loss treatment. The HHRSI assesses temptation to overeat and confidence in refraining from overeating
in response to four high-risk dietary scenarios. Participants generated coping strategies for each scenario. Coping strategies
and confidence increased and temptation decreased from pre- to post-weight loss treatment. Parents’ increase in confidence
from pre- to post-treatment was associated with preadolescents’ and parents’ weight loss. Tailoring treatments to enhance
parents’ coping skills (e.g., building strategies, targeting high temptation/low confidence scenarios) may maximize preadolescents’
weight control. 相似文献
4.
Melissa Y. Delgado Kimberly A. Updegraff Mark W. Roosa Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(2):125-139
Drawing on García Coll et al.’s integrative framework and the risk and resilience model, this study examined the relationships
between adolescents’ perceived discrimination and psychosocial adjustment and the moderating roles of adolescents’, mothers’,
and fathers’ cultural orientations and values, and adolescent gender in a sample of 246 Mexican-origin families. Using multilevel
modeling with data from mothers, fathers, seventh graders (M
age = 12.8 years; SD = .57 year) and older siblings (M
age = 15.7 years; SD = 1.5 years), findings revealed that perceived discrimination was positively related to depression, risky
behaviors, and deviant peer affiliations. In addition, parents’ cultural orientations and values and adolescent gender moderated
the relationships between perceived discrimination and some indicators of adjustment. These findings suggest that parents’
cultural orientations and values can serve as protective and vulnerability factors in the associations between Mexican-origin
adolescents’ perceived discrimination and their psychosocial adjustment. 相似文献
5.
Scott R. Miller Volha Tserakhava Carlin J. Miller 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(4):442-452
Accumulating evidence suggests that parents may react differentially to children based on their children’s temperament, children’s
gender, and the interaction of these factors. Furthermore, parents’ differential reactions to their children have direct implications
for their children’s social success. The present study assessed the moderating influence of mothers’ and fathers’ psychological
control on the relationship between shy temperament and peer exclusion in grade five children (n = 153; 57% female), an age during which peer connections are particularly salient. Teachers reported on children’s shyness
and peer exclusion, and children reported on parents’ psychological control. Regression analyses showed fathers’ psychological
control to be associated with greater peer exclusion for males. Both mothers’ and fathers’ psychological control were associated
with peer exclusion for shy females. Results suggest the importance of parents considering how psychologically controlling
behaviors may work in concert with their children’s gender and temperament in influencing peer connections during the adolescent
transition. 相似文献
6.
Stoppa TM Wray-Lake L Syvertsen AK Flanagan C 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(12):1691-1704
Parents play an important role in helping their children process and interpret significant sociohistorical events. However,
little is known about how parents frame these experiences or the specific social, cultural, and civic messages they may communicate
about the event. In this study, we examined self-reported communication of parents from six communities in the United States
with their adolescents about the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Parents’ (N = 972) open-ended responses about September 11th were analyzed to assess whether communication with their adolescents occurred
and for thematic content. Results revealed marked variability in parents’ communication and suggest that many parents used
September 11th as an opportunity to impart sociocultural, emotional, and civic messages. Identifying the diversity in parents’
responses aligns with the tenets of Terror Management Theory and provides insights into the roles of parents in translating
pivotal historical moments. Collectively, these findings yield important implications for civic socialization. 相似文献
7.
How Do I Feel About Feelings? Emotion Socialization in Families of Depressed and Healthy Adolescents
Erin C. Hunter Lynn Fainsilber Katz Joann Wu Shortt Betsy Davis Craig Leve Nicholas B. Allen Lisa B. Sheeber 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(4):428-441
Emotional and cognitive changes that occur during adolescence set the stage for the development of adaptive or maladaptive
beliefs about emotions. Although research suggests that parents’ behaviors and beliefs about emotions relate to children’s
emotional abilities, few studies have looked at parental socialization of children’s emotions, particularly in families with
depressed adolescents. The present study examined associations between parent and adolescent meta-emotion philosophies (MEP),
defined as thoughts, reactions, and feelings about their own emotions. Additionally, adolescent depressive status was tested
as a moderator of relationships between parents’ and adolescents’ MEP. One hundred and 52 adolescents, aged 14–18 (65.8% female),
and their parents (148 mothers, 106 fathers) participated in a study on emotion socialization in families of depressed and
healthy adolescents. Depressed adolescents (n = 75) and matched healthy adolescents (n = 77) were recruited based on research criteria for mental health status. The sample was largely Caucasian (82%) and of middle
socioeconomic class status. Results indicated that mothers’ and fathers’ MEP about their children’s emotions were associated
with adolescents’ MEP, although parents’ MEP about their own emotions was unrelated to adolescents’ MEP. Fathers’ MEP about
children’s emotions made unique contributions to adolescents’ MEP across both adolescent groups. Adolescents’ depressive status
moderated the relationship between mothers’ and adolescents’ MEP such that mothers’ MEP was particularly relevant for depressed
adolescents. The continued influence of parents in the emotional lives of adolescents is discussed as well as differences
in emotion socialization in families with depressed and healthy adolescents. 相似文献
8.
The interplay between intrapersonal risk (low self-esteem, perfectionism and body dissatisfaction) and interpersonal protection
(social support) appears relevant for delineating gender-specific pathways that lead to both depressive and eating psychopathology.
The aims of this longitudinal study were to examine gender differences in the levels of depressive symptoms, disordered eating
and the co-occurrence of both problems from preadolescence to mid-adolescence and to identify gender-specific risk and protective
factors of depressive symptoms and disordered eating. A Spanish community-based sample initially comprising 942 early adolescents
(49% females) was assessed at baseline (T1; X
age = 10.8 years) and at 2 and 4-year follow-up (T2 and T3). Gender differences emerged at T2 for disordered eating and at T3
for depressive symptoms and for co-occurring depressive symptoms and disordered eating. Predictors of depressive symptoms
were body dissatisfaction, low self-esteem and fear of getting fat, for girls, and body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem,
for boys. Predictors of disordered eating were body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, BMI and perfectionism, for girls,
and low social support and BMI, for boys. In addition, for boys only, social support moderated the effect of body dissatisfaction
on depressive symptoms and the effect of depressive symptoms on disordered eating. The hypotheses of the study were partially
supported. Clinical implications are derived regarding the components that should be included in programs for preventing depression
and eating disorders in both girls and boys. 相似文献
9.
Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor Kimberly A. Updegraff Melinda A. Gonzales-Backen 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(2):140-157
Mexican-origin adolescent mothers are at increased risk for poor psychosocial functioning as a result of various stressors
with which they must contend; however, existing theory suggests that cultural strengths may help mitigate the negative effects
of stress. As such, the current study examined the associations between cultural and economic stressors and Mexican-origin
adolescent mothers’ (N = 207; M age = 16.23 years, SD = 1.0) internalizing and externalizing behaviors, as well as the degree to which ethnic identity affirmation
and familism values moderated these links. Adolescent mothers who reported higher levels of discrimination, acculturative
stress, and economic stress also reported higher depressive symptoms and greater involvement in risky behaviors. Importantly,
ethnic identity affirmation minimized the negative associations between cultural stressors and adolescents’ involvement in
risky behaviors, with the associations being weakest among adolescents with high levels of ethnic identity. Familism appeared
to serve a protective function under conditions of low levels of discrimination, but not under conditions of high levels of
discrimination. Findings are discussed with special attention to the developmental and cultural contexts in which these adolescent
mothers’ lives are embedded, and implications for future research and practice are presented. 相似文献
10.
Robert D. Laird Matthew D. Marrero Miranda Sentse 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(12):1431-1441
Studies using valid measures of monitoring activities have not found the anticipated main effects linking greater monitoring
activity with fewer behavioral problems. This study focused on two contexts in which monitoring activities may be particularly
influential. Early adolescents (n = 218, M age = 11.5 years, 51% female, 49% European American, 47% African American) reported their unsupervised time, beliefs about
the legitimacy of their parents’ authority, and their own involvement in antisocial behavior. Mothers and adolescents reported
their perceptions of adolescent disclosure and parental solicitation and control. Adolescents’ perceptions of greater parental
solicitation at age 11 were associated with less antisocial behavior at age 12 (when controlling for age 11 antisocial behavior)
among adolescents reporting large amounts of unsupervised time and weak legitimacy beliefs. Perceived parental solicitation
may be an effective deterrent of antisocial behavior when adolescents spend a lot of time unsupervised and for adolescents
who are likely to challenge the legitimacy of their parents’ authority. 相似文献
11.
Studies with adults of social dominance orientation (SDO), a preference for inequality among social groups, have found correlations
with various prejudices and support for discriminatory practices. This study explores the construct among adolescents at an
age when they are beginning to recognize the social groups in their environment, particularly adolescent crowds. The relationship
of SDO and perceptions of parents’ responsiveness and demandingness were also investigated. Subjects were in grades 9–12 (N = 516, 53% female, 96% White). Mother’s and father’s responsiveness significantly predicted adolescent’s SDO scores, with
greater perceived responsiveness associated with lower SDO. To analyze the multiple crowd memberships of the 76% belonging
to more than one crowd, two-step cluster analysis was used to identify patterns, resulting in 8 clusters of distinct, heterogeneous
composition. SDO differed significantly among males in different clusters, but not females. The importance of membership was
positively associated with SDO among high-status crowds and negatively associated with SDO among the academic and normal crowds.
The findings have implications for prejudices that may be developing in adolescence and indicate a need for further research
into the social context of SDO and its development. 相似文献
12.
Arne K. Albrecht Nancy L. Galambos S. Mikael Jansson 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(5):673-684
This panel study investigated the directionality of relations between adolescents’ perceptions of their parents’ psychological
control and adolescents’ self-reported internalizing and aggressive (physical and relational) behaviors. Data were collected
from a random, community sample of 530 adolescents ages 12–19 years old at time 1, and again 2 years later. Hierarchical regression
analyses found that adolescents’ perceptions of parents’ psychological control at baseline did not predict changes in adolescents’
internalizing and aggressive behaviors over 2 years but higher internalizing behavior and physical aggression at time 1 predicted
increases in adolescents’ estimates of their mothers’ and fathers’ psychologically controlling behaviors. Higher relational
aggression reported by adolescents at time 1 predicted increases in their perceptions of mothers as psychologically controlling.
This study provides more evidence for child effects on adolescents’ ratings of their parents’ psychological control than for
parent effects of perceived psychological control on adolescents’ behavior.
相似文献
Nancy L. GalambosEmail: |
13.
Nicole Leeper Piquero Kristan Fox Alex R. Piquero George Capowich Paul Mazerolle 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(4):380-392
Much of the prior work on General Strain Theory (GST) has focused on how strain and negative emotions interrelate to produce
criminal—especially violent—activity. Very little research has extended GST to examine other types of non-criminal, negative
behavior, such as self-harming behaviors associated with disordered eating, a traditionally female-specific self-directed
outcome. Using a sample of 338 young adults (54% female, 95% white), this article applies GST to disordered eating by examining
how strain and negative emotions relate to this particular outcome across gender. Findings indicate that two types of strain
measures predict depressive symptoms among males and females, that inequitable strainful experiences relate to disordered
eating among females but not males, that depressive symptoms but not anger increase disordered eating for both males and females,
and that membership in Greek organizations (sororities or fraternities) is associated with disordered eating but only for
males. Implications for theory and directions for future research are highlighted. 相似文献
14.
Appearance schemas, a suggested cognitive component of body image, have been associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent and adult samples. This study examined girls’ weight status (BMI), depression, and parent, sibling, peer, and media influences as predictors of appearance schemas in 173 pre-adolescent girls. Hierarchical regression results indicated that appearance schemas scores were associated with girls’ level of depression, perceptions of parental influence on weight concerns, appearance related interactions with other girls, and awareness of media messages; perceptions of sibling influence on weight concerns and BMI were not independent predictors. In addition, appearance schemas were associated with girls’ level of body dissatisfaction. One implication of these findings is for prevention programs to focus on reducing the importance and value that girls place on appearance by targeting social influences, particularly parental influence, in order to reduce risk for adolescent body dissatisfaction and related risk behaviors.Doctoral candidate in Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research interests are the development of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction from middle childhood through adolescence.Distinguished professor of Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research interests are child and adolescent eating behavior. 相似文献
15.
Lina A. Ricciardelli Marita P. McCabe Jessica Lillis Kristina Thomas 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(2):168-178
The study examined the impact of body mass index (BMI), negative affect, self-esteem, and sociocultural influences in the development of weight and muscle concerns among preadolescent boys. Body dissatisfaction, importance placed on weight and muscles, weight loss strategies, and strategies to increase muscles were evaluated. Participants were 237 boys aged between 8 and 11 years who were tested at three assessment periods 8 months apart. The main predictor of boys’ body change strategies was their perceived pressures to modify weight and muscles from parents, peers, and the media. The other main predictor of boys’ body change strategies and the sole predictor of body dissatisfaction was BMI. Self-esteem and negative affect were found to be weak and generally nonsignificant predictors of boys’ body image concerns and body change strategies. Additional studies that examine the risk and protective factors associated with boys’ weight and muscle concerns are needed to assist in the development of prevention programs for preadolescent boys.Lina Ricciardelli is an Associate Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1990 from the University of Adelaide, Australia. Her research interests are body image concerns, disordered eating and substance abuse among youth.Marita McCabe is a Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1981 from Macquarie University, Australia. Her research interests are in body image across the lifespan, sexuality, and chronic illnessJess Lillis is graduate student at Deakin University, She completed her undergraduate work in 2000 at Deakin University, Her research interests are body image concerns and negative affect among youthResearch Fellow at Deakin University, She received her D Psych in 2000 from Deakin University, Her interests are in disordered eating and depression among adolescents 相似文献
16.
The purpose of the present study was to examine relations between adolescents’ social cognitions regarding parenting practices
and adolescents’ prosocial behavioral tendencies. A mediation model was tested whereby the degree to which adolescents perceived
their parents as responding appropriately to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors was hypothesized to predict adolescents’
tendencies toward prosocial behavior indirectly by way of adolescents’ prosocial values. Adolescents (N = 140; M age = 16.76 years, SD = .80; 64% girls; 91% European Americans) completed measures of prosocial values and of the appropriateness
with which they expected their parents to react to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors. In addition, teachers and parents
rated the adolescents’ tendencies for prosocial behaviors. A structural equation model test showed that the degree to which
adolescents expected their parents to respond appropriately to their prosocial behaviors was related positively to their prosocial
values, which in turn was positively associated with their tendencies to engage in prosocial behaviors (as reported by parents
and teachers). The findings provide evidence for the central role of adolescents’ evaluations and expectancies of parental
behaviors and of the role of values in predicting prosocial tendencies. Discussion focuses on the implications for moral socialization
theories and on the practical implications of these findings in understanding adolescents’ prosocial development. 相似文献
17.
Laura M. Padilla-Walker Larry J. Nelson Jason S. Carroll Alexander C. Jensen 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(2):103-113
The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer understanding of the pattern of video game and internet use among college
students and to examine how electronic leisure was related to risk behaviors (i.e., drinking, drug use, sex), perceptions
of the self (i.e., self worth and social acceptance), and relationships with others (i.e., relationship quality with parents
and friends). Participants included 813 undergraduate students (500 young women, 313 young men, M age = 20, SD = 1.87) who were mainly European American (79%), unmarried (100%) and living outside their parents’ home (90%).
Results suggested that (a) video game use was linked to negative outcomes for men and women, (b) different patterns of video
game and internet use existed for men and women and (c) there were different relations to risk behaviors, feelings about the
self, and relationship quality based on the type of internet use, and based on gender. The discussion focuses on the implications
of electronic leisure on the overall health and development of young people as they transition to adulthood. 相似文献
18.
Rachel F. Rodgers Susan J. Paxton Siân A. McLean 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(5):814-823
Body image and eating concerns are prevalent among early adolescent girls, and associated with biological, psychological and sociocultural risk factors. To date, explorations of biopsychosocial models of body image concerns and disordered eating in early adolescent girls are lacking. A sample of 488 early adolescent girls, mean age = 12.35 years (SD = 0.53), completed a questionnaire assessing depressive symptoms, self-esteem, body mass index (BMI), sociocultural appearance pressures, thin-ideal internalization, appearance comparison, body image concerns and disordered eating. Structural equation modelling was conducted to test a hypothetical model in which internalization and comparison were mediators of the effect of both negative affect and sociocultural influences on body image concerns and disordered eating. In addition, the model proposed that BMI would impact body image concerns. Although the initial model was a poor fit to the data, the fit was improved after the addition of a direct pathway between negative affect and bulimic symptoms. The final model explained a large to moderate proportion of the variance in body image and eating concerns. This study supports the role of negative affect in biopsychosocial models of the development of body image concerns and disordered eating in early adolescent girls. Interventions including strategies to address negative affect as well as sociocultural appearance pressures may help decrease the risk for body image concerns and disordered eating among this age group. 相似文献
19.
Adolescent Girls’ Experiences and Gender-Related Beliefs in Relation to Their Motivation in Math/Science and English 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Campbell Leaper Timea Farkas Christia Spears Brown 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(3):268-282
Although the gender gap has dramatically narrowed in recent decades, women remain underrepresented in many science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. This study examined social and personal factors in relation to adolescent girls’
motivation in STEM (math/science) versus non-STEM (English) subjects. An ethnically diverse sample of 579 girls ages 13–18 years
(M = 15) in the U.S. completed questionnaires measuring their academic achievement, ability beliefs, values, and experiences.
Social and personal factors were hypothesized to predict motivation (expectancy-value) differently in math/science (M/S) and
English. Social factors included perceived M/S and English support from parents and peers. Personal factors included facets
of gender identity (felt conformity pressure, gender typicality, gender-role contentedness), gender-related attitudes, and
exposure to feminism. In addition, grades, age, parents’ education, and ethnicity were controlled. Girls’ M/S motivation was
positively associated with mother M/S support, peer M/S support, gender-egalitarian beliefs, and exposure to feminism; it
was negatively related to peer English support. Girls’ English motivation was positively associated with peer English support
as well as felt pressure from parents; it was negatively related to peer M/S support and felt peer pressure. The findings
suggest that social and personal factors may influence girls’ motivation in domain-specific ways. 相似文献
20.
Carter R Caldwell CH Matusko N Antonucci T Jackson JS 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(10):1394-1406
An accumulation of research evidence suggests that early pubertal timing plays a significant role in girls’ behavioral and
emotional problems. If early pubertal timing is a problematic event, then early developing Black girls should manifest evidence
of this crisis because they tend to be the earliest to develop compared to other girls from different racial and ethnic groups.
Given the inconsistent findings among studies using samples of Black girls, the present study examined the independent influence
of perceived pubertal timing and age of menarche on externalizing behaviors and depressive symptoms in a nationally representative
sample of Black girls (412 African American and 195 Caribbean Black; M = 15 years). Path analysis results indicated that perceived pubertal timing effects on externalizing behaviors were moderated
by ethnic subgroup. Caribbean Black girls’ who perceived their development to be early engaged in more externalizing behaviors
than Caribbean Black girls’ who perceived their development to be either on-time or late. Age of menarche did not significantly
predict Black girls’ externalizing behaviors and depressive symptoms. The onset of menarche does not appear to be an important
predictor of Black girls’ symptoms of externalizing behavior and depression. These findings suggest ethnic subgroup and perceived
pubertal timing are promising factors for better understanding the adverse effects of early perceived pubertal timing among
Black girls. 相似文献