强基础,找动力,抓根本,深入推进三项重点工作

本文从侦查监督工作的角度出发,围绕审查逮捕、立案监督、侦查活动监督三项检察职责,详细论述了在履行这三项法律监督职责中如何开展社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项重点工作,提出社会矛盾化解是基础,社会管理创新是动力,公正廉洁执法是根本,并对三个方面的工作做了分析论述。     

对检察机关如何深入推进“三项重点工作”的思考

面对新时期＂深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新及公正廉洁执法＂这三项重点工作,联系检察机关的法律监督职责,如何推进三项重点工作,决定着我们自身在经济形势、社会稳定形势、反腐倡廉形势中的作用。这就需要我们必须狠抓主要矛盾,牢牢扭住执法办案这个硬道理,从更新的视角去审视和调处社会矛盾纠纷工作,使执法办案的过程真正成为处理矛盾纠纷的过程,以更好的法律监督成效为社会提供可靠的检察保障。     

围绕三项重点工作,推进反贪工作纵深发展

中央提出三项重点工作即＂社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法＂。深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项重点工作,是党中央对当前和今后一个时期政法工作的部署和要求。三项工作是当今及以后检察机关的重要工作。新时期、新形势,检察反贪工作面临着很多问题,促进新时期反贪工作的健康科学发展,就要立足本职,紧紧围绕三项重点工作,多措并举,大力推进。     

社会管理创新的法治保障——以检察职能的延伸为视角

社会管理创新是运用广泛的社会力量开展社会管理的理性选择。就检察机关来说,创新社会管理是增强检察活力,而不是限制检察活力。最高人民检察院《关于深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法的     

七大关键词勾勒公正监督图景：最高人民检察院工作报告解读

3月11日，最高人民检察院检察长曹建明向十一届全国人大四次会议作工作报告。 推进“社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法”是去年检察工作的重点。一年来，检察机关加大执法办案力度，深化检察改革，加强队伍建设，各项检察工作取得新进展。     

化解社会矛盾的检察途径

深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项重点工作,是今年检察工作的重中之重;最高人民检察院检察长曹建明在3月2日上午出席国家检察官学院2010年春季开学典礼时又一次强调,各级检察机关要紧紧围绕"三项重点工作"加强检察教育培训,不断提高检察人员社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法的能力和水平。为此,《中国检察官》杂志社紧紧抓住基层院检察长轮训的时机,立足基层,深挖基层检察院在推进"三项重点工作"中面临的困难与问题、已有的经验和不足、未来的改进及创新,分别以"化解社会矛盾的检察途径"、"社会管理创新与检察工作"、"公正廉洁执法的检察践行"为题,邀请基层检察院检察长轮训班部分学员和国家检察官学院部分老师举行3次小型研讨,将陆续在《中国检察官》(司法实务版)刊登,供他院参阅和交流。     

加强司法审判管理着力提高审判质效

深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项重点工作，这是对政法工作的重大理论和实践创新。就人民法院而言，大力加强司法人事管理、司法政务管理特别是司法审判管理，以司法审判管理创新推进社会管理创新，实现社会矛盾化解和保障公正廉洁执法，更具有针对性、迫切性。     

检察机关如何以刑事和解化解社会矛盾

《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》指出：“任何社会都不可能没有矛盾,人类社会总是在矛盾运动中发展进步的。构建社会主义和谐社会是一个不断化解社会矛盾的持续过程”。为更好的构建社会主义和谐社会,中央政法委书记周永康同志要求政法机关在2010年和今后一个时期,要深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新和公正廉洁执法三项重点工作。最高人民检察院《关于深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法的实施意见》也提出要建立健全检调对接工作机制,在依法履行法律监督职能的同时,建立依托“大调解”工作体系化解社会矛盾纠纷的工作机制。在检察实践中,我们应适当运用刑事和解制度来最大程度的化解社会矛盾,把矛盾消灭在检察环节。     

巡回检察的探索与实践

巡回检察是最高人民检察院2010年2月下发的《关于深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法的实施意见》中作出的一项旨在加强涉农检察、推进检力下沉的工作举措。     

转变思维方式,应对新时代的新要求——社会矛盾化解与控申检察工作的定位

推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项工作,是中央对今年政法工作的新要求。控申检察工作与三项重点工作关系密切,妥善处理涉检信访案件,是控告申诉检察部门维护社会和谐稳定、践行执法为民观念、提升检察公信力的重要举措。只有正确认识当前的社会矛盾,并且转变维稳工作思维方式,才能充分发挥控申检察的职能作用。     

Drugs in injured drivers in Denmark

As part of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL) under the European Commission's Transport RTD Programme of the 5th Framework Programme [I.M. Bernhoft, Drugs in accidents involved drivers in Denmark, D-R4.3 of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods Of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL), www.immortal.or.at, 2005], a study regarding drugs in accident-involved drivers was carried out in Denmark. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to collect and analyse samples from injured drivers for the presence of drugs; (2) to give an indication whether drugs may have contributed to traffic accidents; and (3) to get information on the drug-positive drivers and their drug use. This paper focuses on objective 1. Injured drivers who were treated in hospital were asked to give a saliva sample, a blood sample or both. The samples were screened for the following substances: opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, incl. MDMA (ecstasy), cannabinoids and metabolites, cocaine and metabolites and benzodiazepines. Screenings were carried out by means of Cozart Microplate EIA kit. Positive screenings were confirmation analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In total, 26 out of 330 patients were confirmed positive for one or more of the six drug groups. However, three patients were excluded from the survey for various reasons. Of the remaining 23 drug-positive patients 15 were found positive for one drug group, and in five of these cases alcohol was present in a concentration over the legal limit in Denmark (0.05%). The other eight patients were found positive for two drug groups, and in four of these cases, alcohol was also present in a concentration over the legal limit. Alcohol was found both in combinations with medicinal drugs, with illegal drugs and with both. Based on the saliva or blood concentrations, we estimate that there is a strong suspicion of impairment in 9 out of 23 cases, and in another six cases it was likely that the drivers were impaired.     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

Competence in caring in legal practice

This article is concerned with the stories of female solicitors working in Queensland, Australia, and their account of ethics in practice. These narratives were sought and made in the context of our project investigating complaints received against practitioners in this jurisdiction. Our interviews with female lawyers were intended to provide more insight into complaints matters. Yet this discussion revealed broader insights into ethical questions about the nature of lawyer–client relationships and legal professionalism. This article considers these accounts by reflecting on the concept of ‘care’ and its fit with legal practice requirements today. In doing so, we consider the difficult gendered question of the relationship between caring and ‘women's’ practice. We do not assert a true woman's working style; we seek to contextualise our empirical research by tracing the complex effect of gender on lawyering roles. Finally, we suggest that the adoption of caring practice is a valid approach to lawyering and call for a caring approach to be re-valued in the legal professional context as an ethical proposition.