共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
某年4月20日在甲地海边沙滩上发现一只人体左小腿(含左足)(见图1).4月22日在乙地开发区附近海面发现一只人体右小腿(含右足)(见图2).同年4月30日在丙地某村海岸边沙滩上,发现一只人体左大腿(见图3). 2 检验 2.1 身高推断经DNA检验,三地所发现的尸块属同一女性.进一步做人类学经检验,左股骨生理长为42cm,左、右胫骨生理长为38cm,左、右足的足长为20cm.根据张继宗对中国汉族女性长骨推断身高的研究1,Y =508.464+2.640*左股骨生理长,则Y=161.7cm.根据万秋萍等人对成人身高与足长的回归分析2,Y=91.5761+3.0976*足长,则Y=153.5cm.根据股骨长度比根据足长推断身高的结果更为准确,故推断死者身高约为162cm. 相似文献
4.
儿童骨骼个体识别1例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
儿童骨骼的个体识别研究报道较少 ,在法医人类学实践中 ,如何对儿童骨骼进行性别、年龄鉴定 ,难度较大。 2 0 0 3年在山东省某地枯井内 ,发现一具儿童尸骨 ,要求作性别、年龄鉴定 ,现报告如下。1 性别判定儿童骨骼的性别鉴定 ,在现有可查专著中[1] ,均没有提供实用的方法 ,仅提示儿童骨盆存在着性别差异。通过对送检儿童的耻骨观察可见 ,耻骨体呈三角形 ,测量左、右耻骨的缘枝角均为 14 0°。同时 ,根据Mittler的儿童骨骼性别判定的方法发现 ,送检骨骼耳状面的边缘凸起的部分小于 1/ 2 ,其余部分均不高出髂骨骨面[2 ] 。上述骨骼特征提示… 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Nicholas V. Passalacqua M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(2):255-262
Abstract: A new method is described here that incorporates seven developmental and degenerative changes for estimating chronological age from morphological features of the human sacrum. The construction of this method involved multiple stages of trait identification, character-state definition and age correlation, rank-order phase development, and percent-correct sample testing with phase and sample aggregation, all of which resulted in a six-phase component system for application on modern individuals. This phase system was first developed on European American male and female samples from the Hamann-Todd collection; then tested on African American male and female Hamann-Todd samples as well as European American male and females from the WM Bass collection to examine possible sex and/or ancestry differences. Variation in age estimates due to sex and ancestry was negligible; thus, the multiple samples were all pooled creating a robust method with a large sample size. Overall age ranges increase in width at two standard deviations as is expected from degenerative age-related processes but retain utility in forensic situations. 相似文献
12.
法医骨组织学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在实际检案中 ,当现场发现的骨骼残片体积较小时 ,用解剖学观察无法进行骨骼残片的法医鉴定 ,需使用骨组织学的方法进行骨骼残片的个体识别。目前 ,这是法医人类学中一门较活跃的领域 ,即法医骨组织学。法医骨组织学的内容主要包括两个方面 :(1)骨骼残片是否属于人类骨骼 ,或属于何种动物骨骼。这方面的研究包括人类骨骼的组织学特征研究及不同动物的组织学特征研究。 (2 )人类骨骼个体识别的组织学研究。这方面的研究主要包括 ,人类骨骼的组织学特征的年龄判断 ,例如股骨、胫骨、肱骨、锁骨等 ,以及使用骨组织学方法 ,进行人类骨骼的年龄评价的准确性研究。本文对上述内容进行了综述。 相似文献
13.
Current standards for age at death estimation from the pelvis are based on Americans of European and African ancestry. Our limited understanding of population variability hampers our efforts to apply these techniques to the various skeletal populations around the world, especially in global forensic contexts. However, documented skeletal samples are rare, limiting our ability to test our techniques. This study tested the Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis aging method and the auricular surface method originally developed by Lovejoy et al. on a large sample (n = 404) of known sex and age from the Sassari Collection, housed at the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Bologna, Italy. The results indicate that for both methods, bias and inaccuracy increased with age and actual age tended to be underestimated over the age of 40. The auricular surface method performed slightly better, exhibiting slightly lower levels of bias and inaccuracy, especially for males. 相似文献
14.
Positive identification relies on comparison of antemortem and postmortem data. Some identifications are based on morphological features such as fracture, pathological condition, and surgical hardware, despite little literature indicating the frequencies of such traits. This study examines whether such features are sufficiently rare as to be deemed individualizing. Data were collected on two modern North American skeletal collections (N=482 individuals). Presence/absence of features was scored by skeletal element and side. Results indicate that frequencies vary by geographic region (higher frequency of fractures and pathological conditions in New Mexico while individuals in Tennessee were more likely to have surgical interventions), many features such as fractures are remarkably common and that even suites of traits may not be individualizing. Caution is warranted when using written data rather than radiographic comparisons as the primary source of identification. The implications of these findings to missing person databases are also discussed. 相似文献
15.
Katy L. Shepherd B.S. Heather Walsh‐Haney Ph.D. Marta U. Coburn M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(1):237-240
Abstract: The Food and Drug Administration does not require surgical sutures to be tracked by manufacturer, physician, or patient; thereby, surgical sutures have been of little use to forensic practitioners who are tasked with establishing a positive identification with biological evidence. This study demonstrates the investigative process used to pinpoint suture manufacturers by presenting a case where surgical sutures were a distinctive characteristic that aided in the positive identification of skeletal remains. The suture’s manufacturer, construction material and structure, size, and medical use was determined by contacting a local surgical suture and orthopedic implant manufacturer and utilizing publicly available manufacturer websites, which provide catalogs and specific product details. This research was one of many lines of evidence used to establish the positive identification of a 47‐year‐old male. 相似文献
16.
目的根据腭皱的形态图特征,进行口腔腭皱在法医学同一认定的指标体系构建。方法收集100例成年人腭皱模型,依据腭皱的形状、数量、位置分布等特征对腭皱形态图进行全面系统的编码。编码顺序采用英文字母按照先右侧再左侧,先前部再后部的顺序编码,并且右、左侧编码以破折号连接。最后依据编码,统计分析腭皱形态分布特征。结果 100例腭皱形态图中,个体间未见完全一致者,每个个体不论男性与女性均表现有独特的腭皱形态图;且同一个体左右侧单条腭皱的形态及分布亦不同。波浪形腭皱所占比例最大(23.03%),三分叉形出现比例最小(0.74%),不同性别的波浪形及曲线形腭皱所占比例均较大,女性波浪形(22.7%)及曲线形(18.28%);男性波浪形(24.11%)及曲线形(21.43%)。结论口腔腭皱法医学同一认定的指标体系构建,将为法医学的同一认定提供一种新的方法。 相似文献
17.
骨骼种属鉴定的组织学研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
目的 探求骨骼残渣的种属鉴定的组织学方法。方法 对人体不同部位骨骼,及常见动物骨骼的 77张骨组织学切片,在光镜下进行了骨组织学形态学研究。结果 不同动物骨组织学的形态学特征存在明显差异,其主要差别有:内、外环骨板的形态和相对厚度;哈氏系统之间的骨板的形态和哈氏系统的大小;哈氏环层骨板的数量及骨陷窝的数量等。结论 骨组织学的特征,不仅可以区分人与动物骨骼的残渣,也可以对不同动物的骨骼残渣进行区分。 相似文献