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1.
胡湛  彭希哲 《公共管理学报》2012,(3):60-70,125,126
养老问题是人口老龄化研究的核心命题。随着人口老龄化成为中国社会的常态,中国的养老制度安排不应是应急策略,还必须考虑到老龄社会的可持续发展。本文以发展型福利的视角重新审视中国养老制度,试图为实现养老政策的发展型转变构建一个初步的分析框架。发展型福利模式强调经济与社会发展的内在整合,重视社会福利的生产主义特色,并致力于推进福利主体的能力发展。基于此,本文认为构建中国的发展型养老政策应首先重塑养老制度安排的价值立场,协调短期目标与中长期战略的关系,并由此在行政管理体制创新的基础上推进老年福利的适度普惠性、在机会平等的基础上促进老年人口参与发展过程、增进对未来劳动人口的人力资本投资、以及关注家庭能力发展在养老可持续性中的作用。这些分析对于政府审视现有养老制度安排,并合理选择养老政策改革的切入点提供了理论和实践依据。  相似文献   

2.
李洁  石彤 《青年研究》2012,(3):11-20,94
本文以"新时期中国妇女社会地位调查研究"之"女大学生群体调查"的数据为样本,采用了结构方程的方法,探究了男女大学生在成功评价标准上的社会性别差异。研究发现:当评价对象为男性时,男性应答者更多地强调生活富足、身居要职等"物质主义"因子;而当评价对象为女性时,女性更多地强调"社会联系"和"生命意义"因子;研究继而通过引入"社会支持"因子和"社会性别观"因子作为控制变量来说明:这一性别差异并非"本质主义"的,而是在社会处境与性别观念的影响下出现的。  相似文献   

3.
Sheila Jasanoff 《Society》2009,46(3):232-234
Aging research may significantly lengthen human life spans in the foreseeable future. This paper argues that we do not need to wait until this happens to prepare for the dislocations that may result. Increased longevity over the past century has already raised urgent, unresolved issues of equity, social cohesion, and human dignity. These developments, and our past experiences in dealing with them, provide a basis for revisiting the basic questions raised by all attempts to extend human life: what does life mean, and why is it worth extending?  相似文献   

4.
人生三关论     
现代人要想构建潇洒人生,就必须通过名利关、情欲关和生死关三关,从价值观上来一个根本转变,回归道家的身重于物的生命观、少私寡欲的情欲观和以死为乐的生死观。  相似文献   

5.
Daniel Callahan 《Society》2009,46(3):214-220
The idea of radically extending average human life expectancy is an ancient one, but for most of human history exceedingly utopian. There is now, however, a revival of that idea, with some scientists and others arguing that it is possible and desirable. But the main problem with most of the life extension enthusiasm is that it is based almost entirely on the desire of some individuals to make it happen. The social consequences of success of such a venture are, however, either ignored altogether or dismissed on the grounds that any problems can be dealt with. In the end, none of our present human and social problems would be helped by radically longer lives and no obvious social benefits have been advanced to support it.
Daniel CallahanEmail:
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6.
伴随城镇化和老龄化,空间转换过程中流动到大城市的老人在居住环境、经济状况、社会交往、社会参与等方面出现空间排异。年龄、同住人数、居住年限、是否农业户口等人口特征变量以及人均住房面积、个人月收入状况、自评健康状况、自评社会经济地位、社区满意度、邻里交往频率、社区参与情况等因素均显著影响流动老人的生活质量。基于此,建议政府广泛利用多种就业形式促进流动老人的人力资源开发,加快完善统一的社会保障体系提升老人异地养老保障水平,重视城市社区公共文化空间建设,组织开展多样化的社区活动,合理规划城市社区基本公共服务设施,保障并提高流动老人的生活质量。  相似文献   

7.
21世纪西欧国家养老金改革述评   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
杨娟 《公共管理学报》2009,6(4):105-111
近些年来,西欧各国纷纷进行养老金改革以缓解人口老龄化所可能带来的公共养老金体系的可持续性危机。中国与西欧国家在人口老龄化趋势上面临着类似的压力,本文从老龄经济的视角,以德国、法国、英国三个拥有不同模式养老金体系的国家为研究对象,详细介绍上述三国新世纪养老金体系改革的具体措施,分析改革的共同趋势;并展望中国未来养老金体系的发展方向,认为,以税收优惠和灵活制度安排鼓励第二和第三养老保障支柱的发展是德法英三国改革的共同趋势,也是中国未来养老金体系发展的重要方向。  相似文献   

8.
Many new political science faculty at teaching universities are recent PhD recipients, and are coming to these institutions from research-oriented universities. There are considerable differences between the training for graduate students received at research universities and the expectations for faculty at teaching universities. This essay reflects on the author’s first year at a teaching university and offers six themes that may assist other new faculty in the transition from life as a graduate student at a research institution to life as an assistant professor at a teaching university.  相似文献   

9.
通过问卷调查发现,失地农民的社会适应不良,表现为职业适应水平一般,社会交往适应水平较低,其中,人力资本和社会资本是职业适应的直接影响因素,职业变迁和职业阶层是社会交往适应的重要影响因素。宏观层面看,社会结构未能提供有效的社会支持,失地农民在社会政策、社会关系领域遭受社会排斥,是其社会适应不良的结构性因素。  相似文献   

10.
This article responds to the contemporary debates in UK higher education about the need to ‘decolonise the curriculum’, with particular attention to the implications for the discipline of history. The author positions these important debates as one outcome of a transnational movement led by students of colour whose grievances reach into and beyond the classroom. The first part of the article examines the origins of this movement identifying some important antecedents as well as the broader political and socio-economic forces that propelled its rise in 2015. There then follows an examination of the movement's multidimensional critique of the university sector, which includes—but is not limited to—the call to ‘decolonise the curriculum', before considering potential implications for academic workers labouring in the discipline of history.  相似文献   

11.
随着社会主义市场经济的深入发展,中国社会阶层分化日益凸显。阶层之间的利益冲突直接导致阶层矛盾扩大化,这就给我们构建社会主义和谐社会提出了巨大挑战。和谐社会的基础是保持社会稳定,而稳定的发展环境是当今中国最需要的。只有做到了阶层和谐才能让社会稳定,因而如何做到阶层和谐是构建和谐社会的关键。  相似文献   

12.
The Social Logic of Politics places social learning at the center of political choice. People develop their political preferences, knowledge, values, perceptions of ability, and decisions about political behavior in interactions with others, usually members of their social circles. Political attitudes and goals are not derivatives of exogenous economic preferences. They are not the results of careful calculations, in which optimization of personal needs guides the mode of reasoning. This theoretical stance draws sustenance from recent work across the social science, even as it harkens back to established, if neglected principles of political analysis. My thanks to Rüdiger Schmitt-Beck for his encouragement and for the critical comments of several anonymous referees and to Josip Dasović and Jennifer Fitzgerald, my co-authors of Partisan Families: the Social Logic of Bounded Partisanship in Germany and Britain (Zuckerman et al. 2007). Material from that book appears in this essay.  相似文献   

13.
中国特色社会主义廉洁文化的内涵、功能及建设途径   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
中国特色社会主义廉洁文化是对传统廉洁文化的继承与发展,它是以马克思主义理论为指导结合中国具体实际而形成的一种新的文化形态。中国特色社会主义廉洁文化具有导向功能、约束功能、凝聚功能、激励功能、警示功能、监督功能和测评功能。打造中国特色社会主义廉洁文化,其基本路径就是自律与他律的结合,一方面通过自我学习,理解把握中国特色社会主义廉洁文化的基本理念,内化为科学的价值判断,外化为自身规范的言行举止;另一方面建立融教育、制度、监督、惩治于一体的反腐倡廉体系,从外在环境与外在因素两个方面促进廉洁文化建设。  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The twenty-first-century rise of big data marks a significant break with statistical notions of what is of interest or concern. The vast expansion of digital data has been closely intertwined with the development of advanced analytical algorithms with which to make sense of the data. The advent of techniques of knowledge discovery affords some capacity for the analytics to derive the object or subject of interest from clusters and patterns in large volumes of data, otherwise imperceptible to human reading. Thus, the scale of the big in big data is of less significance to contemporary forms of knowing and governing than what we will call the little analytics. Following Henri Bergson's analysis of forms of perception which ‘cut out’ a series of figures detached from the whole, we propose that analytical algorithms are instruments of perception without which the extensity of big data would not be comprehensible. The technologies of analytics focus human attention and decision on particular persons and things of interest, whilst annulling or discarding much of the material context from which they are extracted. Following the algorithmic processes of ingestion, partitioning and memory, we illuminate how the use of analytics engines has transformed the nature of analysis and knowledge and, thus, the nature of the governing of economic, social and political life.  相似文献   

15.
Jian Li 《社会征候学》2019,29(3):393-405
ABSTRACT

This study investigates the reform of supervision system in China through the Supervision Law, and identifies this Law as a sign within its corresponding social and political purposes and intentions from the sociosemiotic perspective. Within its legislation process, the Supervision Law could be identified as both a sign textualized among the disciplinary regulations, and as a signifier configured with the successive interpretants by relevant laws, for example, the Constitution Amendment 2018 and the Criminal Procedure Law 2018, showing the social construction of legislative meaning as infinite semiosis. In other words, from the whole process of sign perception, reception, acceptation, and interpretation, a legislative text could be interpreted both as a sign constructed in the external but relevant sign systems and as a signifier reconstructed with the successive but infinite interpretants in the internal sign system. This study also finds that the social construction of meaning is achieved and represented to the extent which is constructed through the representation and interpretation of law-making process by sign receivers or legal participants.  相似文献   

16.
This article offers a critical analysis of the ideological position of degrowth from the perspective of social ecology. It agrees with Giorgios Kallis' call to abolish the growth imperative that capitalism embodies today, but it also presents a critique of the conceptual underpinnings of this notion. More precisely, I argue that degrowth as an ideological platform reproduces a binary conception of society and nature, an oppositional mentality which is a key concept to hierarchical epistemology. Degrowth as a political agenda is thus prone to appropriation to authoritarian ends. In order to temper this tendency and help degrowth as a tool of analysis reach its liberatory potential, I advocate its consideration alongside a social-ecological position.  相似文献   

17.
Howard J. Silver 《Society》2008,45(5):422-424
The policy issues confronting the new administration in 2009 can benefit greatly from the results of social, behavioral, and economic sciences research. Climate change, energy, human capital, social, capital, migration, public health, fairness, new technologies, and foreign and defense policy are all issues that the research has addressed. The participation of social scientists in the policy process will enhance the contributions of the research.
Howard J. SilverEmail:
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18.
赵一嘉 《学理论》2012,(2):158-159
汉语作为第二语言教学,跟其他语言作为第二语言教学一样,是语言教育学的一个分支学科。汉语作为第二语言教学的教学原则是指据汉语特点和学习者的的母语、学习者汉语水平制定教学方案。  相似文献   

19.
论有保留的无罪推定原则   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对现行刑事诉讼法典第12条规定的理解,刑事诉讼法学界有着不同的认识。虽然1996年立法机关没有采纳专家学的修改意见而直接明确规定无罪推定原则,但是,联系整个法典的条来看,除了对被告人享有沉默权予以保留外,已经肯定了无罪推定原则的绝大多数基本内容,可以认为确立了有保留的无罪推定原则,或说是不完整的无罪推定原则。  相似文献   

20.
随着党的理论创新和实践创新不断发展,对中国特色社会主义理论体系课程教学提出了更高的要求。如何加强对中国特色社会主义理论体系的宣传和教育,具有重要的现实意义。从"应按把握理论武装、着眼现实问题、改进教学方法"这三条原则,对提升中国特色社会主义理论体系的教学水平进行了相关阐述。  相似文献   

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