图像处理软件及多波段光源赠公安

目前，公安部刑侦局在重庆市组织召开了公安机关受赠图像处理软件及多波段光源仪式。大连恒锐图像技术有限公司为全国３１个省、市、区公安机关的刑侦部门赠送了１００套《恒锐痕检／文检图像处理系统》，价值６８０万元；警苑警用技术研究所为中西部五个省、市、区赠送了五套多波段光源。《恒锐痕检／文检图像处理系统》是大连恒锐图像技术有限公司与大连市公安局刑科所合作开发的刑侦图像处理软件，广泛适用于刑事技术二、三级点，于２００２年４月２８日通过公安部科技局组织的技术鉴定，成果达到“国际先进水平”；并通过公安部刑事技术…     

大连恒锐图像技术有限公司为公安三级点赠送图像处理软件

2002年年底,公安部刑侦局在重庆市组织召开了公安机关受赠图像处理软件及多波段光源仪式。大连恒锐图像技术有限公司为全国31个省、市、区及新疆兵团公安机关的刑侦部门赠送了100套《恒锐痕检/文检图像处理系统》,总价值680万元。该系统是恒锐公司与大连市公安局刑科所合作开发的刑侦图像处理软件,广泛适用于刑事技术二、三级点,于2002年4月28日通过公安部科技局组织的技术鉴定,成果     

计算机数字图像处理分析技术在痕检/文检中的应用

随着计算机和数字图像处理技术的飞速发展,计算机图像处理分析技术已成为现代刑侦技术最新的发展趋势.现以北京极明科技有限公司开发研制的深受广大刑侦工程师青睐的功能强大的名捕~TM刑侦用计算机痕检/文检图像处理分析系统AuS-1.0版为例,将痕检文检新技术新方法介绍给大家共享.该系统采用了当今国际领先的数字图像处理技术和分析方法,集图像的采集、存储、处理、分析、输出和管理功能于一体,使传统的痕检/文检技术升级为全数字化模式.1、物证的发现、记录、提取及鉴定方便快捷,现场所见即所得.数字相机和摄像机可在现场进行物证的采集,系统可进行现场处理分析,数秒内即可得到物证图像,若发现需要重拍,则可在数秒内再次完成.这是传统胶片照相所无法实现的.若再配用现场勘察及实验室物证检验的优秀工具多波段光源,则会使物证的提取率、检出率、和显现成功率大大提高.扫描仪可以对以前保存的大量胶片和照片资源进行处理和储存.     

计算机图像处理技术在文检中的应用案例

本文叙述了利用名捕计算机痕检/文检图像处理分析系统对一起经济诈骗案中可疑印章印文的具体鉴别,体现了计算机数字图像处理技术方便、快捷的易用性和实用性.     

计算机模糊图像处理技术在痕检中的作用

本文以一幅40年前的模糊指纹的处理为例,介绍了利用名捕刑侦用计算机痕检/文检数字图像处理系统对该模糊图像进行处理并进而得到清晰指纹的过程和结果,同时将该结果与其他非专业处理方法的处理结果进行了比较.     

“行动办案系统“使用初探

“行动办案系统”主要由数码相机、笔记本电脑、打印机、投影仪等硬件设备和名捕刑侦用计算机痕检/文检图像处理系统等软件组成.建立起“行动办案系统”后,就如同把侦破指挥部搬到了现场,可以将现场痕迹和物证用数码相机拍摄后,经笔记本电脑处理,进行现场打印或有线、无线的远程传输、比对.同时还可以利用网络信息,及时了解、查询案件资料,即使是在没有固定电话的野外,也可以通过手机卡拨号上网,收集资料.     

浅谈计算机在文检中的初步运用

随着计算机在社会各领域的普遍使用 ,计算机已成为当今社会办公自动化的重要标志和组成部分 ,是各专业门类必不可少的办公用具。高科技的文检仪器设备的问世 ,也使计算机运用于文检工作成为现实。而随着当前文检手段高科技含量的增加 ,如何将高科技的文检仪器与计算机系统运用到检案中 ,并及时提供科学、客观的证据是摆在当今文检人员面前的新课题。在此笔者通过对运用计算机检验案件的作用和感受 ,浅谈一下对计算机运用的认识。1　计算机在文检中的运用是高科技、多系统的综合运用 ,是文检必经之路　　随着科技的进步 ,文检办公自动化是司…     

面像照片比对鉴定2例

随着科技进步及人们法制观念的增强，人面像比对鉴定的案件将增加。例如机场、银行、居民小区等如发案通过闭路电视监视系统所摄录相资料，与犯罪嫌疑人的面像进行比较；报刊杂志或其他宣传资料展示的人像与有关诉肖像侵权案当事人照片的比较。伪造的证件照片与犯罪嫌疑人面像的比较等。证件或档案照片与犯罪嫌疑人的照片比较鉴定，条件比较好一些，因为拍摄标准照的条件是类似的，两照片可资比较的内容较多。闭路电视监视系统所摄影像的比较，第一步是通过图像处理系统，提取录相带上的个人影像，提取到清晰的影像才能进行面像比较。这样提…     

文检技术在保险理赔鉴定中的运用

近两年来 ,我县保险理赔鉴定中心在保险理赔鉴定工作中开拓创新 ,充分发挥文检技术的作用 ,为当地保险公司直接减少保险金损失十万余元。笔者结合文检技术在保险理赔鉴定中的运用作如下讨论。1　文检技术是进行理赔鉴定的重要手段文检技术是通过科学检验确定文件与案件事实、与当事人或嫌疑人的关系的一种司法鉴定手段。文件作为一类检验对象 ,泛指一切以文字、图形为表现形式的各种书证。在理赔案件中 ,文检的对象就是投保人、被保险人、受益人向保险公司索赔时提供的与保险事故有关的证明、资料和共他证据。随着形势的发展 ,保险欺诈活动…     

对“刑事技术管理学”的研究与探讨

刑事技术包括法医、化验、痕检、照相、录相、文检、犯罪信息资料、训犬、模拟画像、司法会计、声纹鉴定等直接为司法服务的诸专业以及综合使用专业技术进行的现场勘查工作。刑事技术是公、检、法机关办案实践中揭示犯罪事实获得犯罪证据的主要专业技术手段，在揭露、证实...     

印刷图文特征测量系统的研究

通过对选择的50余款国内外图像、图形分析处理软件、图像测量软件和测量工具系统的比较研究,根据文件鉴定中印刷文件鉴定的实践需求,通过有效的整合,建立了一套适用于印刷文件鉴定实际需求的,能有效对印刷图文特征进行比较测量和精确测量及量化分析的技术平台,并对印刷图文特征的量化分析在印刷文件鉴定中的应用做了初步探索。     

三维立体显微镜在文件检验中的应用

目的通过应用先进的仪器设备,让我们从另一个角度观察文检痕迹特征,寻找到一个文件检验的新视角。方法利用三维立体显微镜,从微观的三维状态下分析文检的痕迹特征(上下位置)。结果能有效区别笔迹书写与印章的先后顺序;打印字迹和印章的先后顺序,同一支笔书写形成的交叉笔划的先后顺序;准确区别打印文书和复印文书等。结论借助三维立体显微镜,能使文件检验水平向前迈进一步。     

An economised craniofacial identification system

It has been attempted to develop an economised craniofacial identification system, as a special automated version of photo/video superimposition technique, that can deal with common cases of personal identification with the aid of a skull and a nearly front view face photograph of the suspected victim.The proposed method is economic in respect of (i) cost of hardware configuration, (ii) processing time as well as (iii) manual labour involved. Over and above, it has got a capability to take care of ambiguities due to soft tissue thickness during the selection of facial features, which is a part of the procedure.In order to reconstruct a 2-D cranial image, superimposable over the facial one, the new method does not need any reconstruction of a digitised 3-D cranial image. It works simply by a suitable segment-wise processing of a 2-D cranial image with the aid of the symmetry perceiving adaptive neuronet (SPAN), that has recently been introduced in connection with nearly front view facial image recognition. The final comparison of the facial and the superimposable cranial images is as versatile as the same for facial image recognition by SPAN.A practical application of this extended version of SPAN has been demonstrated in the present paper.     

Color separation in forensic image processing

In forensic image processing, it is often important to be able to separate a feature from an interfering background or foreground, or to demonstrate colors within an image to be different from each other. In this study, a color deconvolution algorithm that could accomplish this task is described, and it is applied to color separation problems in document and fingerprint examination. Subtle color differences (sometimes invisible to the naked eye) are found to be sufficient, which is demonstrated successfully for several cases where color differences were shown to exist, or where colors were removed from the foreground or background. The software is available for free in the form of an Adobe Photoshop-compatible plug-in.     

An unusual case of cranial image recognition

We encountered an unusual practical case of craniofacial identification recently. The peculiarity of the case was that the skull itself was not available for examination unlike other such common cases. The supplied material exhibits were, a nearly front view photograph of a skeletonized face and a front view face photograph of the suspected victim. Further, the condition of the skull during taking its photograph was such that its lower and the upper jaws were not in a normal closed condition. The procedure involved in dealing with such a complicated craniofacial identification problem would be quite interesting from a forensic investigator's point of view, since standard methods of skull identification like photo/video superimposition techniques were not at all applicable here. As such, the present case report provides the details of the multiphase procedure adapted by us in dealing with this abnormal case. A solution to this unprecedented craniofacial identification problem was worked out by appropriate exploration of a newly introduced digital image processing technique that is based on craniofacial symmetry perception. The procedure leads to the reconstruction of a superimposable cranial image with upper and lower teeth in normal closed condition for establishment of its identity in usual way.     

文件鉴定技术标准刍议

文件鉴定技术标准不是新课题,上世纪50年代就开始规范程序和方法。进入21世纪以来,一批刑事技术和司法鉴定机构,通过了中国合格评定国家认可委员会的国家实验室认可,大大推动了文件鉴定技术标准化的进程。制定文件鉴定技术标准化的意义、条件、标准的内容及相关问题,是对标准制定者有启发和指导作用的。     

A New Anti‐forensic Scheme—Hiding the Single JPEG Compression Trace for Digital Image

To prevent image forgeries, a number of forensic techniques for digital image have been developed that can detect an image's origin, trace its processing history, and can also locate the position of tampering. Especially, the statistical footprint left by JPEG compression operation can be a valuable source of information for the forensic analyst, and some image forensic algorithm have been raised based on the image statistics in the DCT domain. Recently, it has been shown that footprints can be removed by adding a suitable anti‐forensic dithering signal to the image in the DCT domain, this results in invalid for some image forensic algorithms. In this paper, a novel anti‐forensic algorithm is proposed, which is capable of concealing the quantization artifacts that left in the single JPEG compressed image. In the scheme, a chaos‐based dither is added to an image's DCT coefficients to remove such artifacts. Effectiveness of both the scheme and the loss of image quality are evaluated through the experiments. The simulation results show that the proposed anti‐forensic scheme can verify the reliability of the JPEG forensic tools.     

Max Frei theory revisitation: does really strokes depth change along time?

A serious problem in questioned document examination is to establish the age of written lines. With respect to paper dating, in the past, Max Frei theory (based only on microscope analysis) claimed that strokes are time-dependent. Therefore, according to this theory, it has been asserted that from the analysis of the strokes depth changes it is possible to try to date the handwritten document (to find out that the document is older than ...). In the present work, we investigate the strokes depth change by a laser profilometer considering not only the time but also microclimatic variations. First, we analyze the stability of stroke characteristics along the time. In particular, we demonstrate that if the document is preserved without change of temperature and humidity, the depth of the strokes has not appreciable changes. In this way, we have the purpose to verify the real possibility of documents dating by means of Max Frei theory. Subsequently, we test how the 3D profile of strokes changes in connection with the microclimatic variations. In particular, we test humidity variations. With this experiment, we show that humidity variations reduce the strokes depth. Moreover, this effect shows a non-linear trend, leaving a hysteresis on the depth. Finally, we show that the analysis of 3D stroke profile is unable to determine the age of documents.     

变造文书的认定

从变造的法律概念入手,对刑法界和文检界关于变造的基本学说和含义进行了比较分析,在此基础上重新定义了变造文书的概念,强调变造文书的实质是对重要内容和证明事项的改变。根据变造的方法和手段,对变造文书进行重新分类,分析了各类变造文书的重要特点和常见的制作手段,重点提出了判断变造文书的两个依据和认定的两个原则,旨在探索能够运用于文书检验领域的实用性认定标准。