A Review of “Setting the Standard: Certification,Governance, and the Forest Stewardship Council”

Abstract

As the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establishes itself as one of the premier regimes in international law, member states are increasingly availing themselves of the significant dispute settlement provisions found in Part XV. The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) is beginning to take its place in the pantheon of major international tribunals. Although its jurisprudence thus far has largely consisted of applications for prompt release of vessels, these cases have arisen from disagreements over fishery practices and the enforcement of fishery laws by coastal states. The ITLOS is developing into a transparent, consistent and speedy forum to adjudicate marine disputes arising from UNCLOS. While the overall scope and reach of Part XV may be uncertain at the present time, especially vis‐à‐vis other dispute settlement institutions, the early activity under Part XV is promising. Those concerned with marine wildlife issues should be encouraged by the potential of Part XV, the ITLOS in particular, to serve as an effective regime in the realm of marine wildlife dispute settlement.     

Double Decades of Existence of the Kilum-Ijim Community Forest in Cameroon: What Conservation Lessons?

Abstract

Abstract

At a time when natural forests remain a substantial framework for solving manifold human-induced environmental problems, forest conservation efforts have often been met with a number of challenges, especially in the midst of growing populations of forest-adjacent communities in the developing countries of the world. However, the initiation of the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project in the Western Highland region of Cameroon (erroneously considered to have been a naturally savannized environment) twenty years ago tells a success conservation story. This study, therefore, examines the fate of the Kilum-Ijim Forest prior to the forest conservation project, the conservation efforts put in place to protect and restore the biodiversity of the area, the conservation challenges, and also proposes other areas of intervention for a continuous successful conservation legacy. Due to the constant population pressure and the resultant overexploitation of the Kilum Mountain forest, the original forest size, estimated at 17,500 hectares in 1963, was reduced to 10,500 hectares by 1983. In recognition of the umbilical link between forest and forest-adjacent communities, the Cameroon Government and BirdLife International liaised with the adjacent tribal communities for a sustainable way of managing the forest. While these communities benefit through the non-consumptive use of the forest and other alternative livelihood means, the ecological viabilities of the forest are equally promoted through biodiversity restoration. Due to this community-based management approach, the Kilum-Ijim forest remains an outstanding example of a richly endowed highland montane forest, with a number of endemic wildlife species. Today, conservation efforts have restored the forest size to over 20,000 hectares. Having understood the need for forest conservation and the ensuing conservation benefits, perhaps it is time to increase the forest conservation sites while more alternatives serving human needs are designed and promoted. This conservation legacy should also serve as an example worth emulating in other highland regions with a history of forest degradation.     

What Role for Private Rule-Making in Global Environmental Governance? Analysing the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)

This article assesses the recent trend of rule-making by private multi-stakeholder initiatives – a hitherto largely unnoticed phenomenon in global environmental governance – by analysing the multiple functions and impacts of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), one of the best-known private institutions in global environmental politics. After clarifying the general context of private governance, I turn to the specific function of private rule-making institutions. I argue that rule-making can be understood as the act of agreeing on both constitutive and regulative rules that prescribe the behaviour of a specific group of actors, whether individuals or organisations. Further, I argue that the FSC, as one example of private rule-making in world politics, performs three additional functions that shape the contours of global governance: (1) facilitating a solution to complex multi-interest problems, (2) brokering knowledge and norms among a wide range of stakeholders, and (3) constituting a learning network in environmental governance.     

面对,接受,处理,放下

"面对,接受,处理,放下。这是任何人面对一起不幸事件时都应有的态度。"李双江之子李天一涉嫌强奸案被炒作得沸沸扬扬。这起事件引发"网民的狂欢",除了对被害人的怜悯与同情外,更多的是对李天一的痛责,恨不得要司法机关立即从肉体上消灭之,还有就是对李双江夫妇教子无方的嘲讽与抨击,等等。面对这种巨大的喧嚣,我援引一个故事来谈"接纳"的观点:国际著名教育专家麦道卫博士的女儿上中学时有一天问他:"爸爸,要是我这会儿怀孕了,你怎么处理?"他回答说:"我是一名布道家,教了一辈子的亲子教育,要是你     

雪莲,地瓜,爆米花

大家都说《泰囧》好看,很搞笑的喜剧片,要我去看。抱着用一部喜剧来给我的生日当天划一个圆满句号的想法去看的电影,看完才知道,你把它当一部单纯的喜剧来看,未免太肤浅;你把它当一部人生励志片来看,未免太凝重。徐朗和王宝,是我们这个世界上两类人的写照。一类,不在乎吃饭,顾不上挑水,更忙不到砍柴,他们的心中只有一个老周。若为老周故,吃饭挑水皆可抛。一类,吃饭即吃饭,挑水即挑水,随遇而安,砍柴时若是能见到一抹晚霞简直此生不     

朝审,秋审,热审

《明史·刑法志》:“天顺三年令每岁霜降后,三法司同公、侯、伯会审重囚,谓之朝审.”明朝每年在规定时间内将法司在押的重囚,引到承天门外,三法司会同稿·刑法志》:“秋审亦原于明之奏决单,冬至前会审之.”按清律规定,凡严重危害“社稷”的犯罪,应立即处决的,称“斩立决”.如危害性较小或有可疑者,暂判“斩监候”或“绞监候”,缓期处决,延至秋天由九卿重审.秋     

王凤启盗伐林木,为窝藏赃物,当场使用暴力,致人死亡,被判处死刑

一九八二年十月,吉林省吉林市中级人民法院公开审理了王凤启等四人因运输盗伐的林木,为窝藏赃物,抗拒民兵检查,当场使用暴力致人死亡一案。 被告人王凤启、韩喜生、王凤明、韩景阳于一九八二年六月十八日二十三时许,赶两辆车运盗伐的木材。当行至镇郊公社春田六队时,被民兵翟凤双等人发现截住,令其将木材送到生产队。被告人王凤启用木棒猛打翟凤双头部,     

发票,发票,聒噪何时了

武汉广埠屯有一座临时高架桥,铁桥两端,广场周边,但凡人群密集处,必有许多人高声叫卖发票.叫卖者伫立终日,口干舌燥,到处招揽生意."要发票吗?要发票吗?"就连我这样的老头也不放过.有次,我还看见一位少妇怀抱熟睡婴儿坐在路边,用期待的眼光凝视着来往行人.她的脚边置有纸板,"办理票证"四个大字赫然在目.此时无声胜有声,令我陷入深思.     

打掉官气,联系群众,办好案件

上海市盧湾区公安分局通过“双反”运动,从領导到一般干部进一步确立了全心全意为人民服务的观念,密切了与人民群众的关系,出現了“学政治,鑽业务,比干劲,赶先进,加强孶?保护好人,保卫社会主义建设大跃进”的新局面。为什么我們分局能呈現出这些新的气象呢?这决不是偶然的。因为我們紧紧地抓住了双反运动的关鍵,进行了彻底的改革,揭发和打掉了脫离群众的官气。过去,我局由領导到一般干部,都存在着脫离群众的官气。領导方面的官气表现在:     

面向基层,加强指导,提高办案质量

为了摸清冤错案件的底数,调查研究审判工作中存在的问题,加强对基层法院业务领导,进一步提高办案质量,由省法院和巢湖地区中级法院主要领导同志带队,组织巢湖地区各县法院院长、刑、民庭庭长     

100026,北京100026,北京100026

2006年6月1日,广东兴宁矿难涉案职位最高的官员——广东省安全生产监督管理局原副局长胡建昌(副厅级),因涉嫌收受大兴煤矿矿主曾云高贿赂及向其违规发证,在广州市中级人民法院受审。检察机关指控其犯有受贿罪和玩忽职守罪两项罪名。站在被告席上的胡建昌怎么也想不到,为了区区4     

黄静案,该行,该止?

“如果法律人对这起案件的关注和探讨随着判决书的公布而停止,那么法律人的法治信仰和社会责任心也要受到拷问了。”     

Lehrer,Sabbatical, Pensionsbeiträge

Die durch § 12g GehG 1956 bewirkten Reduktionen der Bezüge des Lehrers w?hrend seines Sabbaticals gem § 78e iVm § 213a BDG 1979 stellen "durch die Herabsetzung entfallene Bezüge und Sonderzahlungen" im Verst?ndnis des § 116d Abs 3 S 1 GehG 1956 dar.