论马克思政治伦理的本质特征与问题向度

对现实世界的道德关注与社会批判,是马克思政治理论的显著特征。因教条化、"科学化"和庸俗化理解而质疑马克思政治伦理的存在,不仅背离了马克思学说的本真精神,更遮蔽了人们对马克思政治伦理的认识。作为无产阶级政治道德的呈现,马克思的政治伦理在本质上是制度伦理。对旧世界政治制度的道德批判、对经验事实的辩证思考和对伦理理想实现途径的谋求,构成了马克思政治伦理的问题视域,也体现了马克思学说"批判旧世界建构新世界"的伦理诉求。     

马克思道德观的辩证性及其当代价值CSSCI

作为起点和源头,马克思道德观不仅对整个马克思主义道德理论的形成和发展具有深远的历史意义,而且具有鲜活的时代价值。西方关于马克思是"道德主义者"还是"非道德主义者"的争论由来已久,认识分歧的根源在于缺乏对马克思道德观之辩证性的深刻理解。这在一定程度上影响了我们对马克思道德观的正确认知。马克思道德观的辩证性主要体现为,强调道德特殊性与认可道德普遍性、强调道德被动性与明确道德能动性、强调批判道德工具性与弘扬道德价值性的辩证统一。马克思道德观的辩证性不光直接为当今社会主义道德建设提供了价值指向,而且为处理中国与世界、经济发展与道德建设的关系提供了道德理论支撑和实践遵循。     

马克思道德观的辩证性及其当代价值

作为起点和源头,马克思道德观不仅对整个马克思主义道德理论的形成和发展具有深远的历史意义,而且具有鲜活的时代价值。西方关于马克思是"道德主义者"还是"非道德主义者"的争论由来已久,认识分歧的根源在于缺乏对马克思道德观之辩证性的深刻理解。这在一定程度上影响了我们对马克思道德观的正确认知。马克思道德观的辩证性主要体现为,强调道德特殊性与认可道德普遍性、强调道德被动性与明确道德能动性、强调批判道德工具性与弘扬道德价值性的辩证统一。马克思道德观的辩证性不光直接为当今社会主义道德建设提供了价值指向,而且为处理中国与世界、经济发展与道德建设的关系提供了道德理论支撑和实践遵循。     

浅谈尼采对西方传统道德价值的批判

尼采立足于人的生命意志,批判了西方传统道德价值。他认为道德价值是人为的,起源于非道德的人类欲望;基督教与理性主义哲学的道德,设置了作为道德主体的人与道德价值的分离,造成了道德上的虚无主义,并与人的自然本性相冲突。故而尼采否认任何客观的道德价值,主要以"善恶彼岸"的价值立场,建立以自我为价值中心的自然主义道德,并提出了"超人"的理想人格。     

康德《实践理性批判》中的道德教育思想及其对我国思想政治教育的启示

道德教育是康德第二批判中"纯粹实践理性方法论"的主要内容,在批判哲学体系中占有独特位置。康德《实践理性批判》中丰富深刻的道德教育思想,对我国思想政治教育工作具有重要的启示:思想政治教育的前提是培养受教育者的主体性和道德感受性,思想政治教育的核心是培养道德判断力,思想政治教育的目的是社会主义核心价值观入脑入心;思想政治教育不能流于抽象的形式,要警惕道德感受性对道德判断力的破坏,避免以道德判断力的主观性抹杀道德标准的客观性。     

道德与幸福——论马克思主义幸福观的道德对话

道德与幸福的关系是学术界研究的热点论题,二者具有相对立的矛盾关系又有德福一致的价值契合。只注重物质财富所带来感官快乐的幸福只能是短暂消极的,只有在符合德性的实践基础上的幸福观才是对人的发展有意义的、积极的幸福观,才能达到物质生活与精神生活的统一。基于马克思主义资本批判基础上的道德幸福观明确阐释了道德与幸福的一致性关系,并提出了将"社会个人"作为解决当代幸福观问题的新出路。     

理解马克思道德哲学的三个维度

在马克思看来,劳动作为人的本源性的活动,它体现了人的自由。在此,马克思确立了一种全新的自由本体论。他从"实践哲学"的范式去阐释自由,从而在唯物史观的地基上,揭示了道德与利益之间的辩证张力关系;指明了规范性的道德原则不是立基于超验实体,而是根源于现实,这在很大程度上使马克思的道德哲学与其他道德哲学区分开来。马克思揭示了道德的根源、本质及功能,破除了西方伦理学史上长期存在的"道德幻象",从而使道德的本来面目得以呈现。马克思通过批判资本主义的道德而彰显了一种"真正的人的道德"——人的生存正义。道德不再是利益冲突的麻醉剂,而是人的存在方式,在真正的共同体之中,人与他人之间实现了内在有机的统一与和谐。     

论“道德政治”谱系中的卢梭与马克思

"道德政治"发端于现代政治哲学中卢梭对霍布斯与洛克的道德批判和道德建构。卢梭首先注意到自由主义政治哲学发展中可能造成的人与政治社会的非道德倾向,从而在对人性的重新阐释中构建其"道德政治"理论;马克思的历史唯物主义则从根本上取消了"道德政治"的可能性。卢梭与马克思刚好构成了"道德政治"谱系的开端与结束,与此同时,马克思的解决方案同样也应被视为对"道德政治"问题的进一步升华。     

回归生活世界:日常生活批判理论之发展探微

从20世纪开始,文学艺术及更广阔的人文社会科学领域出现了"日常生活转向",这一转向从根本上改变了以往忽视"日常生活"的局面。作为一种当代文化现象,日常生活转向与回归,已经渗透到人们的日常生活、大众传媒以及文学艺术之中。对"日常生活转向"的研究有助于人们更加深刻地理解日常生活批判的重要性及其理论意义,有助于积极拓展文学艺术研究的崭新视角与空间,同时,有助于深入探寻当代中国"日常生活转向"的审美趣味变迁与文化嬗变意义。     

重思马克思的“逻辑与历史相统一”——基于历史存在论的考察

逻辑与历史相统一是马克思在对古典政治经济学展开范畴批判、廓清社会科学研究具体路径的基础上确立起来。范畴的逻辑次序与历史进程相统一的知性科学的阐释遮蔽了这一方法的真实内涵。作为古典政治经济学理论前提的"劳动一般"范畴,其理论和现实的产生过程生动地体现了逻辑与历史的统一。作为感性活动的劳动即实践是建构人类世界的根基,从实践出发发现抽象范畴及其所表达的社会存在的起源,并由此说明知识的形成是马克思历史存在论视域的基本观点,逻辑与历史相统一是这一视域观照下的产物。从历史存在论视域看,逻辑与历史相统一强调的是"历史"的基础性地位;在人们的实践中建构而来的生活世界才是历史的真实内涵;"相统一"意味着逻辑植根于生活世界并能动地再现它。达成逻辑与历史相统一的具体路径是政治经济学批判与现象学经验的观察。     

POLICY RESEARCH AS SOCIAL SCIENCE: OUTFLANKING THE VALUE DILEMMA

Social scientists fear that policy research compromises their objectivity. As a result, policy science is becoming a separate discipline which is accorded lower status that other fields of social inquiry. However, the history, sociology and psychology of science show that the elaboration of robust social theory would be aided by a more intimate relation between policy research and academic social science than currently obtains. The traditional canons of value freedom, which have been invoked to justify the independence of social science from policy, misrepresent the relation between facts and values in science. Objective knowledge is consequent on dispute and triangulation by a many-valued community of fallible social scientists; but it does not eventuate from consensual value neutralism. Social knowledge interacts with social values to change phenomena our theories represent. This self-restructuring characteristic of social events warrants singular attention by social scientists. Policy researchers are in a particularly opportune position to provide that attention.     

关于科学精神与人文精神结合的思考

伴随着社会的发展、科技的进步,人社会科学正在得到长足的发展。科学技术的人价值也正在随着科学的发展和技术的转化而凸现出来,成为当今时代的一大特征。本力图从学理上对自然科学、社会科学与人科学的划分与整合进行尽可能详细的描述,肯定了知识系统中不同知识门类的发展、演化和交叉、融合过程;并通过科学精神与人精神相互结合、不可或缺的实证分析,给人们以启迪、摒弃知识门类偏见,迎接一个科学精神与人精神交融统一的世纪。     

受限理性:H.西蒙社会科学哲学的基点

作为西蒙的标志性理论,受限理性(Bounded Rationality)是其社会科学哲学的基点。西蒙在行政管理研究中发现受限理性,在对经济学传统理论的批判中提出受限理性理论,并在政治学、心理学以及人工科学等领域演进中发展受限理性的内涵。受限理性在众多研究领域中产生变革性影响,促进社会科学中理性研究的成就,延展并拓深社会科学哲学的论域。     

社会科学期刊编辑基本素养探析

一个合格的社会科学期刊编辑,需要具备社会科学的基本素养,其中,政治素养始终是第一位的。社会科学期刊编辑的基本素养,还表现在讲原则、讲公平上;表现在具有高尚的职业道德、良好的文化修养上;表现在具有扎实的编辑技能和广博的学科知识上。同时,学习进取、开拓创新也是社会科学期刊编辑重要的基本素养。     

The Science–Policy Nexus in Collaborative Governance: Use of Science in Ecosystem Recovery Planning

Across many social–ecological systems, policy makers and scholars increasingly call for science to inform policy. The science–policy interface becomes especially complex as collaborative approaches include multiple stakeholders working together across jurisdictions. Unfortunately little is known about how much and how science is used in collaborative governance for social–ecological systems. This exploratory study examines instrumental, conceptual, and symbolic use of science in a science‐rich collaborative planning case in the Puget Sound, USA. It also examines the influence of science, relative to other factors, in collaborative planning, and what factors affect it. Results from a survey and document analysis indicate the prevalence of conceptual use of science, with relatively little symbolic use. Some factors promoting conceptual and instrumental use discourage symbolic use. Overall, while science is seen as influential in this science‐rich context, its influence is balanced by local stakeholder preferences and contextual information.     

Reimagining race and gender in public administration and public policy: Insights from an interdisciplinary systematic review

Public administration scholarship on race and gender is motivated by normative concerns about social equity, and dominated by work on bureaucracy and its representativeness. Despite decades of research on race and gender in public administration, there has been limited engagement with racializing and gendering processes. Relatedly, scant attention is paid to other disciplines that center on race and gender in theorizing. The purpose of this review is to explore public administration scholarship on race and gender in the context of allied social science disciplines, reveal limits of current approaches in public administration, and articulate strategies for enhancing understanding of race and gender in public administration scholarship. We use bibliometric and content analysis methods to map the intellectual structure of social science scholarship on race and gender, highlight public administration's place in this structure, and compare public administration scholarship on race and gender with other social science disciplines.     

Concepts in Political Science

A concept is the name of any general element in one's experience, and, consequently, in social science all conclusions are based on concepts. The main object of this article is to indicate the existence of a logical gulf between the concept as an object of analysis made by social science and the concept as a means to accomplish the analysis     

Scaling up Utopias: E.O. Wright and the Search for Economic Alternatives

For over fifty years, successive waves of critique have underscored that the apolitical character of much of political science research betrays the founding mission of the discipline to have science serve democracy. The Caucus for a New Political Science was originally based on such a critique, and the perestroika movement in the discipline included a call for more problem-driven as opposed to theory- or method-driven work that would better connect political science research to ongoing political struggles. In recent years, movements for a public sociology and public anthropology as well as dissonant movements in economics and related fields have added to the insistence that social science research was too often disconnected from the real world. Phronetic social science has emerged out of the ferment for change in the social sciences, starting with the much-debated book by Bent Flyvbjerg, Making Social Science Matter (Cambridge, 2001). Flyvbjerg critiqued the social sciences for mimicking the natural sciences, while proposing an alternative approach that focuses research on helping people address the problems they are facing. Today, phronetic social science goes beyond the call for an alternative approach to social inquiry and its growing adherents are providing evidence that this alternative approach to doing research can enrich the social sciences by more effectively connecting research to efforts to address real world problems as people experience them. This article provides a genealogy of efforts to connect political science to politics, a review of the major critiques of mainstream research, an explication of the rationale for more problem-driven, mixed-methods research, a specification of the key principles of the phronetic approach, and examples of its application in the public realm. The article concludes with implications for realizing a more political political science by way of taking a phronetic approach.     

Paths between Positivism and Interpretivism: An Appraisal of Hay's Via Media

Hay's Political Analysis raises foundational issues for all social scientists, not least in its outline for a via media , or middle way, between positivist and interpretivist social science. In this view, social science should be firmly grounded in empirical study but take seriously the notion that there is no privileged vantage point from which to generate dispassionate knowledge claims about the social world. This article asks whether this apparent via media is coherent and meaningfully captures what it means to be doing positivist and interpretivist social science without, so to speak, conceding too much ground to the other approach.     

SCIENCE IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY

In recent years a number of important science policy issues have rentered on questions about the social utility of science. The field of knowledge systems accounting has evolved as a special form of social impact assessment to observe and measure the impact of science on society. A system of social impacts of science (SIS) indicators has been developed as an attempt to represent these complex patterns and relationships. In the final analysis, the causal relevance of science to social performance depends on our capacity to link the complex knowledge system of modern science to the achievement of social goals.