浅析新中国公共外交形式之演变

1949年以来,随着国内外局势的变化,我国公共外交形式也几经演变。公共外交的形式既反映一个国家的外交策略,也反映一个国家在世界上的国际地位和国际影响。所以,对我国公共外交形式研究和分析有助于研究我国在国际外交舞台上的公共话语权和影响力。将从我国外交策略的变动,国际国内形势的发展变化来具体分析我国1949年以来公共外交形式的演变。     

现代性与中国社会转型

当代中国问题可以表述为中国社会的转型问题,即从一个前现代性(传统)社会转交为一个现代性社会.中国的现代性是从西方引入的,相对于西方而言,我们的现代性只是刚刚起步.而中国要步入现代文明社会,现代性是我们的唯一选择,可见,研究现代性对中国的和谐社会的构建具有重要意义.     

新中国成立以来共享发展思想的演进历程

共享发展理念虽然是在党的十八届五中全会提出的。但自新中国成立以来,中国共产党人就开始了适合中国国情的共享发展思想的探索。毛泽东在社会主义革命和建设实践中对共享发展进行了艰辛探索和生动实践。在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛立足社会主义初级阶段的基本国情,使共享发展思想逐步推进。党的十八大以后,习近平总书记第一次把共享发展上升为国家发展理念。     

Upgrading the managerial process of small entrepreneurs in West Africa

In spite of their contribution to employment and value-added of the economies of West African countries, the future of small enterprises depends on their financial viability. To this management efficiency makes a crucial contribution and available empirical evidence surveyed in this article shows major weaknesses in it. Often the right motivations are lacking, problems are ill-defined and record keeping as a major tool of information gathering and analysis is not practised. It is argued that more detailed investigation of the managerial processes of these enterprises should be undertaken as a basis for innovating in management practices in a way that is adapted to the needs and circumstances of the heterogenous types of small enterprises in West Africa. It is also suggested that facilities available for management training are too centralized adequately to reach rural towns and villages. A decentralized approach to extension should make training facilities more accessible to larger numbers of small entrepreneurs. The inclusion of management training in the traditional apprenticeship system and in the curricula of government trade and vocational training centres would also bring benefits.     

关于中国转型期社会稳定与政府对策的思考

转型期社会往往要经历许多变革 ,而政府在变革中往往担负着主导者的角色。本文描述转型期中国社会呈现出的问题 ,并分析产生社会不稳定的原因 ,拟就社会稳定与政府对策作一些探讨     

新课改下语文学习方式的转变研究

教育的质量关系着教学水平的提升和学生素质的提高。在语文教学新课改中,"自主、合作、探究学习"为基本理念。自主学习是基础,合作学习是关键,自主与合作学习,二者不可偏废,而探究式学习是重中之重。从学生现实接受教育的水平情况来看,无论是在语文文字词汇上,还是在语文阅读写作上,都存在一定问题,需要通过以下途径加以完善:提倡自主学习,充分调动学生的学习兴趣;提倡合作学习,让学生积极参与,尊重"以生为本";提倡探究式学习,增强学生的主动学习能力。     

Paradigms of public financial administration in the evolution of papua new guinea

In the evolution of Papua New Guinea from dependent territory to independent entity, public financial administration has experienced a series of changes. Each historical group of changes may be represented by a characteristic paradigm which identifies the nature of the underlying concepts and their essential dynamics in the context of the political, economic and social environment. From the early days of Australian settlement, public financial administration was dominated by the colonial paradigm as the two constituent territories—initially separately and then jointly—relied almost exclusively on Canberra for the provision of funds, supply of expertise and formation of policies. More recently, since national independence, legislative and staffing changes have occurred in public financial administration but there have been no infrastructural innovations in response to current needs and priorities. Australian support of the recurrent budget and other foreign aid have not abated, while the forms and institutions involved in public financial administration continue to reflect strong metropolitan influences which militate against the formation of an indigenous paradigm consonant with national aspirations, development goals and cultural values.     

哈尔滨的解放与新中国的建立

<正>1946年4月28日,是哈尔滨人民大喜的日子,因为正是从这一天起,这座闻名遐迩的英雄城市永远地回到了人民的手中。     

Malaysia's new economic policy and the global economy: The evolution of ethnic accommodation

Abstract

Developing countries commonly must deal not only with issues of economic development, but also with the problems associated with a multi‐ethnic population. Most analyses of ethnic programs, however, focus on the domestic political economy and fail to appreciate the importance of international factors. In this essay, I note that Malaysia's New Economic Policy (NEP) and its successors have been affected not only by the domestic ethnic situation but also by the global economy. Furthermore, I argue that current international pressures and constraints have forced a re‐evaluation of the NEP in the past decade. While a concern for ethnic factors is by no means absent from the policy‐making process today, ethnic concerns are now overshadowed by the realities of the international economic order and the government's realization that ethnic accommodation can only be successful within the confines of an outward‐looking, expanding economy.     

我国新型职业农民培育存在的问题与对策

新型职业农民正日益成为现代农业建设的主导力量。培育新型职业农民有助于南阳市发展现代特色农业,提高农村劳动力素质和农民收入水平,有助于社会主义新农村建设。当前,我国新型职业农民培育工作取得了一定的成效,但依然存在一定的问题,如配套政策不完善、劳动力素质较低、培育质量水平不高等。因此,应加大扶持力度,完善相关配套政策,改善培育的条件和环境,创新培育机制,多措并举,不断提高新型职业农民培育工作的针对性、实效性、规范性。     

浅析"新公共管理"理论在中国的应用

"新公共管理"在西方的兴起是官僚制寿终正寝的结果,而在中国,实际情况是还没有真正的官僚制,科层制并没有发挥出其真正的优势,本文并不反对把"新公共管理"应用到中国政府的改革中来,但却提醒大家在用"新公共管理"改造中国政府的时候,不要盲目崇拜"新公共管理"理论,把它当做救世良药,就我国目前形势来看还要充分发挥官僚制的优势.     

When new public management fails: Infrastructure public–private partnerships and political constraints in developing and transitional economies

Amidst calls for more scrutiny of the failure of infrastructure public–private partnerships (PPPs), uncertainty about how we can measure failure remains, and little systematic evidence illuminates its likelihood. Our mixed‐methods design explores the notion of failure and identifies the conditions under which it happens. The first phase of our research employs documentary analysis and semistructured expert interviews, and identifies project cancellation as capturing the most severe occurrences of failure. A second phase statistically analyzes a unique World Bank data set capturing the provisions of over 4,000 infrastructure PPPs launched between 1990 and 2015 in 89 countries. We find robust evidence supporting the theoretical claim that PPPs are less likely to be canceled in countries with more veto points among their political institutions to restrain politicians from intervening in policy implementation. Cancellation is a rare, but valid indicator of failure, and the importance of veto players clarifies how political risk operates in this context.     

Teacher recruitment and retention in public and private schools

Private school salaries are substantially below those in public school systems. Nonetheless, private school heads are as satisfied as public school principals with the quality of their new teachers and substantially more satisfied with their experienced instructors. This difference remains after controlling for school and community characteristics and for the principal's tenure and educational priorities. In addition, appraisals of experienced and new teachers suggest that private schools are more successful in retaining the best of their new teachers and in developing the teaching skills of their faculties. Apparent reasons include greater flexibility in structuring pay, more supervision and mentoring of new teachers, and freedom to dismiss teachers for poor performance. These findings suggest that improvement in the quality of public school performance will require the use of accountability tools such as pay-for-performance and dismissal.     

Ideas, innovations, and networks: a new policy model based on the evolution of knowledge

In this paper, we argue that a new policy model for science and technology is needed and must be evolutionary in nature. The paper proposes utilizing the idea innovation network theory as a framework for assessing sectoral innovation patterns and identifies six types, or “arenas,” of research that are linked to innovation within these networks. Following the idea innovation network theory, the paper argues that two societal trends, the fragmentation of markets and the growth of knowledge, are driving organizations toward greater functional differentiation. Successful innovation will occur when these differentiated organizations become closely linked within innovation networks that integrate the arenas of research. The paper argues that this framework has predictive power, in that it allows the identification of path-dependent blockages or gaps within idea innovation chains that prevent the emergence of effective innovation networks in different countries. Policy makers can play an important role by fostering the development of tightly coupled networks that include organizations involved in each of the types of research. The paper provides empirical support for the framework using a cross-national European study of the telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries.     

Majority rule and the public provision of a private good

This paper extends the literature on the socialization of commodities by developing a model of voting over the public provision of a private good: health care. The private use of health care is modeled as a supplement rather than as an exclusive alternative to public health care. A majority rule equilibrium is shown to exist. The equilibrium characterization is an example of Director's Law of Income Redistribution. A ban on private health care activities is shown to be opposed by a majority of voters. Implications for the size and distribution of private health care expenditures are drawn.     

Max weber and China’s transition under the new leadership

Some scholars have applied Max Weber’s three ideal types of authority (traditional charismatic and rational-legal) and general transition theory to China. This paper argues that the application of these Weberian concepts is faulty. Weber’s understanding of rationality is specific, a narrow reference to modern Western capitalist rationalization of action. When Weber’s account is forced upon the issues of Chinese political leadership, it simplifies the complexity of historical phenomena, and falls prey to the difficulties of universalism and dualism. Chinese political ideas and practices have developed in a distinctive cultural tradition and may not be able to be fully understood in Western terms and categories. This paper proposes an alternative tongbian interpretation of Chinese politics. His research interests focus on comparative Western and Chinese political philosophy. He has published a number of articles in English and Chinese. He has taught American Politics, International Relations, Western Political Philosophy and Theory, and team-taught ASIAN Nations: China. He is currently teaching Advanced Chinese Language at the Japan American Institute of Management Science (JAIMS) and is a Liaison of Exchange Programs with China at the Center for Chinese Studies, University of Hawai’i at Manoa.