Great Reform of China＇s Diplomacy

With the implementation by China of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, China＇s diplomacy has undergone a great reform of profound significance, and has made outstanding achievements. China＇s development and its diplomacy supplement, enrich and promote each other. The former provides good conditions for the latter＇s development, while the latter safeguards China＇s sovereignty and territorial integrity, creates a peaceful international environment for the country＇s cause of socialist construction with Chinese characteristics, and makes remarkable contributions to the great undertaking of reform and opening-up and the Four Modernizations.     

Great Power Struggles

International order is the norm,standards and corresponding guaranteeing mechanism,decision-making process,and rule of procedures established by members of the international system to coordinate and deal with various international affairs,in order to maintain stability and the normal operation of the international system.As an international public product,international order is usually supplied by the major actors of the international system,i.e.the great powers.     

In the Process of Multi-polarization

The international system is the relatively stable framework of international relations constituted by various international actors,and represented by the great powers.The various international actors interact with one another in the framework.Therefore,against the current background of deepened globalization,increased interdependence,and more complex relations between great powers,we should be rational and strategically-oriented in observing and analyzing the changes,characteristics and patterns of the international system.     

The Great Financial Crisis Catalyzes Great Transformations and Adjustments

Under the shadow of the financial crisis, the year 2009 presented numerous signs that the world is polarizing in terms of power balances, strategic readjustments by the world powers, and relations between these world powers. Meanwhile, despite intense competition, new advances may be perceived in the peaceful and incremental evolution of the international system, in terms of mechanisms, concepts and the realignment of forces. The transformation of the world order and the acceleration of a systematic evolution will inevitably result in power vacuums and disorder. Together with the growing negative effects of the financial crisis, this will further complicate the international security situation. As an emerging center for this great transformation, Asia serves as a symbol of turbulence, realignment and uncertainty in the areas of international strategy and security. Interaction between China and the rest of the world is taking place across all sectors, at all levels, and with growing intensity, all amid great risks.     

The Influence of the Changes in Social Trends of Thought in Japan

The social trend of thought is the trend of thought that is of extensive influence formed in a certain period of time in a given society. It o-riginates from the changes in international environment and domestic social situation, reflecting the interests and demands of a given group of people and producing a great influence on the foreign and domestic policies and the future trend of the society. One prominent feature of the     

Probing into the Theories on the Rise of Great Powers

The existent international relations theory has not given a clear defi- nition of "the rise of great powers," and "rising" is also not a fun- damental concept in international relations or world politics. However, for whatever version of international relations history, it must be a re- counting of the relations between countries that rise and fall; and for whatever international relations theory, it must admit the fact that the rise and fall of great powers is one of the natural laws character…     

Editor ＇ s Note：

Global Warming is increasingly becoming an important issue of great concern to the international community. As a responsible major developing country, China has been making great efforts in addressing global warming. Liu Zhuren, Senior Research Fellow and Director of the Institute of Politics and Public Management, Hunan Provincial Academy of Social Sciences,     

Global Strategies for Addressing Climate Change

Clirnate security, which bears on the development of all countries and the survival of mankind, has become a hot issue, arousing great concern and extensive attention from the international community. To curb the increasing aggravation of greenhouse effect, China and other countries are taking initiative to take counter-measures and actions. However, little progress has been made in the international cooperation in this respect as developed countries are reluctant to take steps to address the problem. It is a long-term, arduous task to address the global warming.     

Reform of the United Nations and Transformation of the International System

The reform of the United Nations is closely related with the transformation of the International system. The United Nations has made great success since it started a comprehensive reform in 2005. Such a reform is necessary both for the transition of the largest international organization in the world and transformation of the international system. The United Nations still has a long way to go in the comprehensive reform because of many factors.     

World Situation of 2008 in Retrospect

2008 is the year which witnessed the most dramatic changes in the international situation since the end of the Cold War. The subrime loan crisis in the United States further developed. The military conflict between Russia and Georgia shocked the world. Beijing Olympic Games were held successively. These three events have a farreaching influence on the international structure. There are more and more discussions and debates among the international community concerning the changes of international political and economic order. The balance among big powers has been changing again and the development towards a multi-polar world speeding up.     

Some Thoughts on Deepening Economic Diplomacy

Since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, the nation has paid a great deal of attention to economic diplomacy. In particular, since the launch of the reform and opening-up policy and its accession to the World Trade Organization, China has made great achievements in economic diplomacy, which has grown and improved in terms of patterns, objectives and contents. In the 21st century, globalization offers both opportunities and challenges, and international economic cooperation and competition have played an important role in foreign relations. Economic diplomacy has been increasingly important in terms of diplomacy. As we encounter new problems and face new challenges, we urgently require new breakthroughs in economic diplomacy.     

A New Round of Arms Race

The advance in breadth and depth of international arms control and disarma- ment has its great significance in eliminating the threat of a nuclear war and pro-pelling the world situation onward in the direction of relaxation of tension. At thesame time, a negative trend also claims our attention. The strong military powerslike the United States are contending among themselves for retaining their militarysuperiority and seizing military sci-tech commanding heights while using the     

China＇s International Orientation in the Fast- Changing International Situation

The financial crisis is having a great impact on the worldeconomic and political structure. At the same time, it has brought important opportunities to China, a country in a crucial stage of development. The crisis has demonstrated China＇s importance and positive role in international economy, and provided it with favorable conditions to enhance its international influence and status.     

Probing into the Theories on the Rise of Great Powers

The existent international relations theory has not given a clear definition of “the rise of great powers,“ and “rising“ is also not a fundamental concept in international relations or world politics. However, for whatever version of international relations history, it must be a recounting of the relations between countries that rise and fall; and for whatever international relations theory, it must admit the fact that the rise and fall of great powers is one of the natural laws characterized international relations development. As Paul Kennedy puts it, the “relative strengths of the leading nations in world affairs never remain constant, principally because of the uneven rate of growth among different societies and of the technological and organizational breakthroughs which bring a greater advantage to one society than to another.“① Therefore, it can be said that theories related to “the rise of great powers“ are so common, particularly concentrating on the possible influence of the rising power and its relations with war, the means and policies to deal with it as well as how to realize the peaceful transition of power. This article intends to explore and summarize all these theories and also make some comments based on the rise of China.……     

People-to-people Diplomacy of China under the background of The “Belt and Road” Initiative

正Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core,China has made great achievements,in social and economic development with rapidly rising comprehensive national strength growing international influence and the expansion of diplomatic work.China’s diplomacy is stepping into a whole new era,in which opportunities and     

International System in Transition： From the Perspective of Financial Crisis

The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis has rapidly developed andspread from the region to the world and from the economic and financial field to the political and social field. It has evolved into an international financial crisis with a powerful force of impact and covering a wide range of fields rarely seen in history, and has become a major historical event that has a profound impact on the United States and the world at large since the 9/11 incident. The international community generally believes that it is a crisis of the existing order and system, and calls for reform of the international financial system are unprecedentedly high. This again has led to a discussion of the reform of the international system. The impact of the crisis on the transition of the entire international system has begun to appear.     

China’s Diplomatic Options in the Face of Profound Global Changes

he world today is undergoing profound changes not seen in a century.In terms of its formal structure,the world system has been greatly affected by the striking economic and social developments,changes in the international order,and adjustments in international relations.In effect,the world is facing great instability and uncertainty.Multilateralism is undergoing a major crisis,global governance is being challenged,while strategic competition among great powers has grown increasingly fierce.Confronting increasingly uncertain circumstances,China should maintain its strategic focus,strengthen the top-level design of its diplomacy,improve the overall layout,and step up efforts in its practices.In this way,China will effectively safeguard the stability of the global order and become an indispensable source of“positive energy”in this changing world.     

China''''s Military And Economic Security Under the Guidance of the New Security Concept

. China proposes the new security concept according to the changing international security environment.The 90s of the 20th century witnessed great changes in the international situation in which multi-polarization of the world became more and more obviously a long-term trend; peace and development became the world's major themes. The big powers in the world have generally established their relations and mechanism for dialogue, with relations between them featuring competition, restraint, relia…     

Build Up Constructive and Cooperative China-U.S.Relations on the Basis of Mutual Respect and Mutual Trust

C hina and the United States are two important countries in the world. While the United States is the most powerful developed nation, China is the largest and most populous developing country on the globe. The relations between the two countries naturally have very great impact on the welfare of the people of the whole world as well as the general international situation. Sound, stable and cooperative China-U.S. relations are of great strategic significance for the peace and stability in th…     

Multi,polarization and the ＂Strategic Partnership＂ of the Big Powers

The international financial crisis has brought about major turbulence in the political arena of the world. The world is in a transition period. The trend of multi-polarization is dynamic and moves along the changes in the balance of international forces. An apparent feature in the recent ten years is that the strength and international influence of the sole super power--the US is comparatively decreasing. The international pattern that is developing in depth has led to contradictions and frictions of various kinds, especially the political and economic problems among the big powers and between the existing powers and the emerging powers. However,