越南钢铁工业的现状及前景

越南钢铁工业主要由3类企业组成 ,一是越南钢铁总公司及其直属企业 ;二是越南钢铁总公司与外商合资的钢厂 ;三是其他国营和私营钢厂。越南钢铁总公司是越南17家大钢铁总公司之一 ,有15个直属企业、3个钢铁生产公司、7个合资公司、8个贸易公司 ,在越南钢铁生产和销售环节中占据重要地位。越南钢铁总公司是在计划经济体制下 ,在各个钢铁生产公司基础上组建的 ,各公司设备不配套、功率低 ,管理机构庞大 ,人员过剩。第2类型和第3类型企业投资晚 ,生产工艺较先进 ,生产支出较少 ,利润率较高。但所有3种类型企业都有一个共同点 ,就是仅能生产圆钢…     

越南经济发展中的中国因素

本文从经济的角度出发描绘越南与中国经济关系的景况,以及中国对越南经济的启动作用并由此提出越南与中国建立经济战略关系的设想。一、中国对越南的直接投资中国对越南的投资虽然增长慢,但较扎实,可以肯定地说对越南经济基础的贡献是不小的。其中香港和台湾对越南的投资最大,１９８８——１９９６年．它们占外国对越直接投资总额的２２．６％。在越南经济革新的最初年份,香港绕过美国的禁运令并冒着越南投资环境尚未完善的风险积极参与对越南的投资。至１９８８——１９８９年越南《外国投资法》颁布之时,香港在越南已有６个投资项目…     

越南 减缓向中国出口

据越南《投资报》报道，越南经贸部一官员称：进入２０００年第４季度以来，越南向中国出口增速下降，而且这种状况年底之前很难好转。特别是一些出口中国的大宗产品如橡胶、原油等也呈下降趋势。据统计，２０００年前８个月，越向中国出口橡胶达３９００万美元以上，与１９９９年同期相比增加了 ２０％，仅８月份出口 ６５０万美元，后来就开始逐月回落。 据越驻中国使馆的商务参赞胡国飞评价说，２０００年年底前出现出口下降的情况，其原因与中越两国在出口体制方面不同有关，限制了越南商品进入中国市场。胡参赞称：当中国主张通过边贸…     

越南积极发展橡胶种植业

据越南《投资报》报道,越南橡胶总公司日前决定,在今后５年内（２０００－２００４年）将投资８８００万美元,在西原地区发展橡胶种植业。其中３８００万美元由法国发展基金会提供贷款,其余由越南橡胶总公司自行解决。根据这一计划,在今年５年内,西原地区将增种橡胶树２．６万公顷,同时还要进一步加强管理原有的２．９万公顷的橡胶园,使其提高产量。此外,越南还将在西原地区扩建４家加工厂,新建７家加工厂,使该地区年加工橡胶能力达多４万吨。越南从事橡胶种植业已有１００多年历史。橡胶是越南主要出口商品之一。今年上半年越南…     

外商对越南投资减少

据日本《工业新闻》报道,今年上半年外商对越南的投资减少.自越南实行对外开放以来,特别是进入90年代以来,外商对越南的投资逐年增加.到1998年5月底为止,外商对越南投资累计达317亿美元.其中,新加坡占20%,台湾占13%,香港占12%,日本占11%,韩国占10%.但是,从去年下半年开始,外商对越南的投资放慢.与去年同期相比,今年上半年外商对越投资减少了24.2%.     

论1990年以来越南与日本的经济关系

自20世纪90年代以来，越南与日本的经济关系快速发展，其主要体现在两国的贸易、日本对越南的投资以及日对越ODA为主的经济援助等方面。两国经济关系的快速发展，反映了两国在追求各自国家利益上的一致。一方面，越南为发展国内经济，争取更大的国际市场、国外投资以及外国经济援助，积极同日本发展经济关系；另一方面，日本为逐步扩大对越的影响力，通过贸易、投资以及经济援助等方式推进对越经济外交政策。     

越南个人所得税介绍

近年来,特别是启动中国—东盟自由贸易区的建设进程之后,中越两国关系得到迅猛发展,双边贸易及投资迅速增长。据越方统计,截至2005年9月底,中国累计在越投资有效项目346个,协议投资总额7.1亿美元,实际到位金额1.81亿美元。随着到越南投资的中国企业和到越南经商或工作的中国人逐渐增多,对越南税收制度的了解也更成为需要。本文对越南的个人所得税制度进行简略的介绍,希望能为上述企业和个人提供帮助。越南开征个人所得税始于1991年,之后进行了多次修订,现行征税依据为越南政府2004年7月23日颁布的越南个人所得税法及其施行细则。2004年,越南…     

越南：敞开商业大门

据《越南经济时报》报道，越南国家银行日前发出２００１年１号通知，就越南企业直接向外国投资的外汇管理作出规定。 通知指出，从２００１年２月３日起，越南企业为了向外国投资，必须在获准进行外币活动的越南商业银行开设账户，企业向国外汇款或从国外汇款回越南等，所有与国外投资有关的活动，都必须通过这个账户。 对于向国外汇出投资款项，以及从国外汇回利润，企业必须在企业所在地的省、市国家银行进行登记。企业只能用上述外汇账户上的外汇向国外投资。 每年企业必须把在国外投资获取的利润及其他合法收入汇回越南，最迟不得迟于…     

中国企业投资越南之法律环境OT分析——以《越南投资法》与《中国——东盟全面经济合作框架协议投资协议》为视角

在全球投资自由化、中国企业"走出去"战略的背景下,中国企业向海外投资的步伐与程度在加快加深。海外投资中分析资金投向地的法律环境是投资安全的重要前提。以越南为投资目的国,将《越南投资法》与《中国—东盟全面经济合作框架协议投资协议》进行文本实证比较分析,析透出在越南外商投资法律环境的机会与挑战,为中国企业安全"走出去"提供参考。     

越南外国直接投资的状况及问题

一、前言 自1986年采取革新政策以来,由于实行了向市场经济转换和与世界接轨的政策,越南发生了很大的变化,并避免了社会经济危机,进入了一个新的发展阶段。带来这种可喜变化的重大原因之一是外国投资的引进。为了推行越南的比较优势经济,外国对越投资作为社会投资的一部分,己成为国内资金的有效流通和利用的一个必要条件。从当初引进外国直接投资的主要业绩来看,越南在决策上有了质的变化,即为了实现围绕工业化和现代化这一国家目的,也期待外部资源的开发。     

发展吉林省产权市场促进国有资本流动

吉林省国有企业面临的问题是产品已经完全市场化了,但是它的各种生产要素还没有市场化。企业经营也仅局限于产品经营这一层次,难以通过资本运营使国有资本向管理和效益好的企业流动。发展吉林长春产权交易中心的思路是:首先,应当积极吸引国内外有实力的企业参与吉林省国有企业的改制重组。其次,以股权托管为切入口,培育规范有序的产权市场。第三,东北现有的产权交易机构应加强联系与合作,共建东北产权交易中心。防止国有资产流失,其关键在于对国有资产的定价。积极探索国有资产交易产权价格形成的新机制,尽量消除非价格因素影响,避免资产以特殊的优惠性低价让渡出去,而职工的就业问题留给了政府。     

Putting Humpty Dumpty Back Together Again: Financialisation and the Management of the Subprime Mortgage Crisis

The subprime mortgage debacle in the USA and the subsequent global credit crunch provoked a wide range of crisis management responses in different national settings. Such interventions are typically figured as the sovereign state coming to the rescue of the markets and the banks. In contrast, and offering a critical analysis of the character and content of the principal interventions of authorities in the heartland of the crisis in the USA and the UK from Autumn 2007 through to 2009, we argue that these responses served to reproduce financialisation tendencies present across the seemingly separable domains of state and market which contributed to producing the crisis in the first place. Understood as a process co-constituted through pervasive but contradictory developments in capital accumulation, the risk management practices of lenders and the disciplining of borrowers, we show how, far from being seriously curtailed by crisis management, the financialisation of socio-economic life was actually buttressed during the very period in which its fragilities were most sharply exposed. In short, the management of the subprime crisis is a story akin to that of trying to put Humpty Dumpty back together again.     

21世纪初马来西亚华商的经济地位

进入21世纪,马来西亚经济稳定增长为本地华商的成长提供了较好的宏观环境,华商资本的绝对值不断增加,华族依然是国内拥有有限公司股权最多的族群。不过由于国有资本和土著私人资本的扩张,华商在国家经济中的地位呈下降趋势。华商大企业行业分布广泛,保有强大实力,整体素质进一步提升,但总体实力与官联、土著大型企业相比稍逊一筹。华商中小企业数量庞大,发展空间广阔,在马来西亚经济中扮演不可或缺的角色。     

智力资本及其对企业绩效影响机制述评

智力资本是企业创新性、前瞻性的综合体现,是企业核心竞争力最重要的支撑.作为一种正在发展的新兴理论,智力资本为解释现代企业的竞争优势提供了新的视角,智力资本对企业绩效的影响机制也成为管理学界研究的热点之一.     

国外证券投资对越南资本市场影响研究

国外证券投资(Foreign Portfolio Investment,简称FPI)是指外国资本为了获取资本利得、利息或股息收益,以东道国的证券资产为投资对象的活动。本文通过研究FPI在越南证券市场的发展情况,分析越南政府对FPI实施的管理措施及FPI对越南经济和资本市场发展所带来的影响,提出作为一个发展中国家,越南要在投资者准入、资金进出等方面加强对FPI管理的建议。     

Reification and Theoreticism in the Study of Globalisation,Imperialism and Hegemony: Response to Kiely,Pozo-Martin and Valladão

This commentary critiques the nation-state framework of analysis that informs papers published by Ray Kiely, Gonzalo Pozo-Martin and Alfredo Valladão in a section appearing in the Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 19:2 (2006), on the theme of globalisation, imperialism and hegemony. Kiely, Pozo-Martin and Valladão reify the state and the inter-state system by giving them an agency independent of historical social forces. They fail to put forward a conception of agency and institutions that could address the central problematic of the political management, or rule, of global capitalism. They presuppose a state-based understanding of global politics that ignores the reality of transnational capital and transnational social forces and that reduces global capitalism to international capitalism. We should focus not on states as fictitious macro-agents but on historically changing constellations of social forces operating through multiple institutions, including state apparatuses that are themselves in a process of transformation as a consequence of collective agencies.     

古印度阿逾陀国考——兼论许黄玉乃华裔非印裔

阿逾陀本为印度史诗《罗摩衍那》中一个神国兼神国都城。在前7-4世纪的列国时代,阿逾陀是印度北部恒河流域中游奴隶制王国居萨罗(■萨罗等)前期的都城。7世纪中叶玄奘记下的阿逾陀国(城)则是戒日王帝国治下的诸侯国(都)。之后,阿逾陀国(城)不复见于史乘。1730年起,印度穆斯林在阿逾陀旧址旁边筑城法扎巴德,故今天地图一般只标注法扎巴德。现代以来又出现一个容易相混的叫阿瑜陀的地名。它是泰国的佛教圣地,阿瑜陀(耶)王朝(1350-1767)的都城。旅泰华侨称之为大城(府),多数著作和学者译成阿瑜陀耶。     

Asset Specificity and State Subsidies in Industrialized Countries

Why do national governments in industrialized countries subsidize many of their industries? Borrowing insights from literature on transaction cost economics and international trade, I build a model which tests the hypothesis that under threat of international competition disbursement of state subsidies varies systematically with the degree of asset (factor) specificity employed in a national economy. Asset specificity refers to the cost of moving factors (assets) from one activity to the next. I pool annual data on state subsidies in thirteen OECD countries during the period 1990–93 and regress them on two measures of asset specificity (physical and human capital) in the face of competition from abroad. Physical capital exercises a significant u-shaped effect on total and sectoral subsidies. Human capital has a weak negative effect on horizontal subsidies. The results extend the literature on asset specificity and trade in two ways. First, they provide empirical support in favor of the argument that asset specificity and subsidy protection are related. While theoretical claims concerning asset specificity abound, the literature is generally short of empirical studies. Second, asset specificity helps determine the scope of subsidies.     

Autonomous or materialist geopolitics?

The body of writing that falls under the label of ‘new imperialism’ proposes a radical and contemporary understanding of post-Cold War international politics that involves a revision and redeployment of the category of inter-imperialist rivalries. Alex Callinicos's ‘Does capitalism need the state system?’ aims at opening a metatheoretical space where it might be possible, within the frame of capitalist mode of production, to meaningfully speak of such an autonomous logic of geopolitical competition, rooted in the essential political fragmentation of the capitalist system along the frontiers of nation-state, but, crucially, not determined by the logic of capitalist competition. This article takes issue with some of Callinicos's conclusions, particularly the possibility of a ‘realist moment’ in our understanding of inter-imperialist rivalries. It also explores the possibility of a non-reductionist, Marxist notion of geopolitical rivalries to be developed through the empirical examination of the state–capital link in foreign policy, and attention to capitalist accumulation and its unfolding in space.     

Social capital,NGOs, and development: a Guatemalan case study

Social researchers continue to grasp for critical factors that foster or impede the development of social capital. This article highlights some of these factors based on an investigation of a low‐income urban settlement in Guatemala. Community activists and leaders, elected representatives, regional government service providers, local residents, NGO directors and staff, and other key informants living and working within the designated locality indicated a complex and diverse range of social, cultural, political, and economic issues that contributed to low levels of ‘broad‐based’ social capital. Long‐standing fears related to violence and corruption within a historically top‐down authoritarian state were the most significant factors impeding social capital, social organising, and civic participation. Northern‐led service‐providing NGOs in the area also curbed ‘broad‐based’ social capital by fostering dependency through intervention strategies that were external, top down, non‐participatory, and not community based.