应用型高校创业教育的问题和对策研究——基于中美大学生创业教育比较分析

开展创业教育,培养和提高大学生创新、创业能力已经成为当下高等教育不可逆转的趋势之一。学习和借鉴美国高校创业教育的成熟模式和经验,因地制宜的探索适合我国应用型高校创业教育发展的举措,对于培养大学生的创业精神和技能,缓解大学生的就业难问题,乃至推进经济社会发展都具有重要的现实意义。     

众创时代下高校创业教育改革发展研究

在大众创业、万众创新的大背景下,高校创业教育需要不断深化改革。高校创业教育可以将高校学生造就为众创时代背景下大众创业的生力军,满足社会经济发展需要。然而,我国高校创业教育却在改革过程中遇到诸多"壁垒",如教育形式单一传统、师资力量薄弱、系统性欠缺和参与主体有限等。要深化高校创业教育改革,我们必须充分重视其重要地位,科学制定创业教育课程,提供创业实训平台,通过多样化的教育形式唤醒学生的创业意识,增强学生的创业能力。     

关于国际贸易专业创业教育的调查分析——以广东青年职业学院为例

针对就业难现象,目前高校包括高职院校普遍开展了创业教育。在经济类专业尤其是国际贸易专业开展创业教育具有其他专业无法比拟的优势。增强师资力量、完善创业教学体系、调整专业课程内容、创建创业基地等是高职院校开展创业教育的有力举措。     

广东地方院校大学生创业教育现状研究——以惠州学院为例

近年来惠州学院的大学生创业教育在课程设置、创业实践上取得了一定的成绩。但是仍然存在着创业教育的思想认识不统一,创业教育的课程、师资等方面的建设有待加强和创业教育的社会支持环境有待提升等3方面的问题。为此应当转变创业教育旧观念,构建高校创业教育新体系,进一步开发社会资源支持创业教育。     

论高校志愿服务向公益创业的转化

从公益创业的起源看,高校志愿服务与公益创业有着浑然天成的联系,高校志愿服务为大学生公益创业提供了基本的转化条件。公益创业不仅有助于解决社会普遍关注的就业问题,还能够为社会创造一定的人文关怀和社会价值。要实现公益创业的良性发展,可以从激发大学生公益创业的潜能、强化高校公益创业教育的智力支持、积极寻求外在资本的有效融入、搭建高校志愿服务活动发展的转化平台、突出大学生公益创业的价值体现等方面入手,提炼高校志愿服务向公益创业转化的有效途径,强化大学生公益创业在扩大就业、缓解社会矛盾等方面的功能。     

美国大学生志愿服务的经验及其启示

美国大学生志愿服务起步较早,经历了产生、发展、成熟、完善等过程。美国大学生志愿服务的经验主要包括理念创新、宣传招募、管理保障、评价激励四大方面。美国大学生志愿服务的经验为我国大学生志愿服务提供了可借鉴的启示,主要包括创新服务理念,培育共生人格;扩大宣传渠道,优化招募体系;明晰管理制度,健全保障制度;完善评价方式,促进激励成长。     

高校毕业生自主创业意愿影响因素的实证分析

本文基于辽宁省21所高校的1912份调查数据,运用Logistic回归和结构方程模型验证了个体因素、家庭因素和社会因素对高校毕业生自主创业意愿的影响。研究结果发现:个体因素中,个体的传记特征(性别、是否独生子女、户口所在地、是否本省生源、就读高校类型、所学专业)、创业环境认知和创业心态对高校毕业生的创业意愿有显著影响;家庭因素中,父亲职业、母亲受教育程度和家庭收入的影响显著;社会因素中,社会舆论导向和就业压力对高校毕业生自主创业意愿有正向影响,而高校创业引导与创业政策宣传的影响不显著。因而,建议从提高创业素质与能力、发展创业教育、改善创业环境、完善创业扶持政策、加强创业舆论宣传等方面提升高校毕业生的自主创业热情和创业成功率。     

中美两国大企业集团战略异同及其启示

企业集团是任何国家国民经济的命脉和支柱，已成为推动生产力发展的重要组织形式．美国是世界上大企业集团发展得最好的国家，经验丰富；而企业集团在我国还处于起步阶段，规模小，效益低，缺乏经验．借鉴和学习美国发展大企业集团的经验，对提高我国大企业集团的规模和效益，壮大我国的综合国力，意义重大．     

工运短波

云南省总工会：举办困难职工家庭高校毕业生创业培训班8月4日至15日，云南省总工会从本级工会经费中拿出近10万元，联合新东方培训学校在昆明为86名困难职工子女举办省级产业、厅、局（公司）工会困难职工家庭高校毕业生就业、自主创业培训班。培训内容有公务员考前培训、事业单位考前培训、企业招工考前培训和自主创业培训等4个类别，开设申论、言语理解、数量资料分析、判断推理等4项公共课程，邀请企业HR和自主创业成功人士进行经验分享。     

高职学生创业现状调查与分析——以广东青年职业学院为例

在高职院校中开展创业教育是我国经济形势发展的需要,对于培养学生的实践能力、创新精神和解决学生的就业有着十分重要的意义。调查以笔者所在单位在校生为调研对象,从基本情况、创业意识、创业能力、创业条件和创业行为五个方面进行调查分析,旨在后续为本校设计创新创业教育实践模式提供可行的意见与建议。     

Women,Science and Culture: Science in the Nineteenth-century Periodical

The Victorian periodical press offers unique insights into many diverse areas of nineteenth-century experience, and the complex relations between gender, science and culture in particular, yet it has been consistently marginalized as a primary resource in academic study. The Science in the Nineteenth-century Periodical (SciPer) project at the universities of Sheffield and Leeds is creating a new point of access to a wide range of non-specialist periodicals across the century by means of a fully searchable electronic index. By detailing the entire contents of each journal, and not just those articles that have a clear scientific relevance, it becomes clear that science formed a fundamental and integral part of nineteenth-century culture. The electronic index, moreover, will include hypertext cross-reference links that will allow the user to identify a dialogic pattern of encounters between ostensibly diverse articles, rather than only to browse in a simple chronological mode. By adopting this innovative approach, the SciPer database will reveal the manifold intertextual relations between the fictional works of women writers like Elizabeth Gaskell and the scientific articles that often appeared in the pages of the same magazines, and will show that writers of both sexes and across several different genres actively engaged in vibrant interdisciplinary debates concerning scientific issues in a forum provided by the periodical. Although the SciPer database itself is not specifically focused on issues of gender, the index will include several periodicals aimed explicitly at a female readership and, by providing access to titles still rarely utilized in modern scholarship, it will offer further insights into the important contemporary debates about women and science, as well as the more subtle ways, in which gendered imagery was employed within scientific discourse. This article details some critical findings from Punch , The English Womans Domestic Magazine , Cornhill Magazine and the Review of Reviews .     

Carnal teachings: raunch aesthetics as queer feminist pedagogies in Yo! Majesty's hip hop practice

This essay puts forward a notion of “raunch aesthetics,” theorizing raunch as an aesthetic, performative, and vernacular practice: an explicit mode of sexual expression that transgresses norms of privacy and respectability. Raunch aesthetics describe creative practices that often blend humor and sexual explicitness to launch cultural critiques, generate pleasure for minority audiences, and affirm queer lives. The author activates her formulation of raunch in analyzing Yo! Majesty, a hip hop group comprised of black female emcees who openly describe their sexual desire for women, and explores how the queer youth of color she works with have responded to their music. Working beyond the unexamined moralisms that give critiques of raunch culture their legitimacy, the author argues that Yo! Majesty's raunch aesthetics transmit queer and feminist teachings. While celebrating carnal pleasures, these artists critique heterosexism, subvert narratives about the incompatibility of belief in Christ and queer sexualities, and trouble notions concerning the emancipation of coming out of the closet and declaring a stable homosexual identity. In demonstrating how raunch aesthetics generate consciousness raising, the author discusses how her youth participants critically read and consume hip hop while negotiating unwieldy meanings of sexuality and gender presentation.     

Feminism, Aestheticism and the Limits of Law

This article seeks to identify and address the normative void that resides at the heart of postmodernist-feminist theory, and to propose a philosophical framework – beyond postmodernism, but incorporating its central insights – for thinking through the normative questions with which feminists are inevitably confronted in their engagements with positive law. Two varieties of postmodernist-feminism are identified and critically analysed: the ‘corporeal feminism’ of Elizabeth Grosz and Judith Butler, which seeks to ground feminist critical practice in the irruptive capacities of the material body considered as an arte fact of social construction; and the deconstructionist feminism of Drucilla Cornell, for whom ‘the feminine’ is an indeterminate but disruptive force beyond its construction in law and in other social sites. The first component of the argument elaborated here is that each of these approaches ultimately reduces to a form of aestheticism which is incapable of generating a worthwhile and workable feminist approach to the restructuring of politics and law. The second component of the argument involves a return to aesthetics, in particular to the philosophical aesthetics of Kant’s Critique of Judgement. Kant’s aesthetic philosophy, it will be suggested, yields a framework of concepts which, duly re-manipulated, could speak to the very concerns that have inspired postmodernist-feminism: how to attend to (bodily) particularity while avoiding the dangers associated with ‘essentialism’; and how to theorise the propensity of the unrepresentable power of the feminine to exceed both embodied human capacities and the confining rein of socially privileged rationalities. Crucially, however it also responds to a set of preoccupations – those of the feminist lawyer – that cannot be accommodated by postmodernism: how to translate embodied experience into (legal) norms; generalise from the particular; seek consensus; and codify an endless potentiality in the form of law. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Unexpected: Bionic Woman at the Millennium

Wilfred Bion's A Memoir of the Future provides a point of departure for feminist thinking about the millennium. Bion problematizes hopes for the future and associates thought with catastrophic change. Women play an unexpected role in Bion's experimental autobiography, posing provocative questions and unsettling the status quo . Since Bion has little to say about women in his clinical writings, A Memoir sheds light on his thinking and on the post-Kleinian culture of the 1970s. Book I of A Memoir depicts a class- and sex-nightmare played out between men and women, and women and women, in an age of anxiety whose setting appears to be the fascist 'pacification' of Middle England during an unspecified period. In this hallucinatory drama, all encounters are reduced to a brutal fiction of dominance and submission. The violence of the action suggests the primitive mental world of psychosis. Book II of A Memoir satirizes 'the brilliance of masculine thought' through the voices and criticisms of women. But this is the purgatorial movement of Bion's autobiography, inhabited by 'idées mères' (untransformed beta-elements) and haunted by the ghosts of Bion's traumatic war-time experience. A monstrous plot is hatched to kill primitive, fascistic Man, who retaliates and takes the female spoils. Is this the prelude to catastrophic change? Book III stages a country-house debate between different characters who represent aspects of Bion's personality, recapitulating the concerns of his later writing. The debate includes a meditation on childbirth as compared to war trauma, but Bion takes his distance from feminine intuition or common sense. Women fight on both sides of the barriers in the Bionic revolution - becoming, however, figures for the 'unexpected' and precursors of emotional upheaval. The gendering of millennial thought in Bion's Memoir provides an opportunity to scrutinize our own unthought fantasies of change.     

The Between

Thinking with this special issue's group of feminist thinkers – some artists and others scholars – this introduction makes a strong case for co-authorship and a more collaborative humanities, while also insisting that the couple form – that stalwart object of queer and feminist theory – is neither a known quantity nor an exhausted entity, but rather, a field ripe for analysis. Situated squarely within performance studies, this introduction pivots away from questions of ontology and toward method and performativity, in order to ask: what modes of intellectual practice, erotic exchange, political work, and aesthetic experimentation happen uniquely within couple forms, in their most capacious and non-self-same iterations? What queer and feminist work can they do? What, in other words, is possible in the infinity, if indeed it is an infinity, between one and two?     

Beyond the scarcity scare: reframing the discourse of hunger with an eco-mind

Solutions to world hunger continue to be impeded by a frame – a set of assumptions – that keeps much of humanity focusing narrowly on quantitative growth. The result is greater food production and greater hunger. Yet, across the world another way of seeing, one grounded in the relational insights of ecology, is transforming food systems in ways that both enhance flora and fauna and strengthen human relationships, enabling farmers to gain a greater voice in food production and fairer access to the food produced.     

Other forms of conviviality: The best and least of which is our daily care and the host of which is our collaborative work

In this collaboratively written essay, artists Park McArthur and Constantina Zavitsanos take a queer materialist feminist approach to the entanglement of dependency and reproductive labor, disability, intimacy, and the impossibility of exchanging incommensurables. The text merges the authors' experiences receiving and providing one another care with their artistic practices, and includes instructive performance scores for past, rather than future, events.     

Here be monsters: a choreomaniac's companion to the danse macabre

Consider this a vade mecum: an invitation to “walk with me” through more or less uncanny terrains of worlds in the making in search, of(f) course, of monsters. The search will be delving into the areas of “creepypasta:” pieces of cursed prose and pictures that circulate online, waiting to contaminate and possess the next reader. Using a theoretical framework of posthuman and feminist theory, not least the work done by Jacques Derrida and Donna Haraway, this vade mecum asks what it might mean to engage ethically with that which is not supposed to exist, but which haunts us nonetheless. In other words: what does it mean to move, live and engage with spectres in digital times?     

Close Encounters: Solidarity,Servitude and Postcolonial Feminist Affects and Affiliations

Abstract

This essay offers close readings of three texts that in different ways foreground the problems, possibilities and struggle involved in forging affective connections across difference between women: Kate Clanchy, What is She Doing Here? 2008, Jamaica Kincaid, Lucy, 1991a and Marlene Van Niekerk, ‘Labour’, 2004. The author argues that the incomplete and partial nature of affective moments represented in these texts signals possibilities for a cautiously redefined idea of affective feminist solidarity as it is mobilized in the intimacy of domestic spaces.     

The Impersonal Strategy: Re-visiting Virginia Woolf's Position in The Common Reader Essays

The concept of impersonality as a writer's strategy has been exposed to misinterpretations that either fail to exhaust its full meaning and deposit an unequal amount of attention on all components of the term or, in the worst case, tend to distort its true elements. In relation to Virginia Woolf's criticism, in particular, it is a critical commonplace that the author employed an impersonal position in order not to fully materialise her feminist vision, but to shy away from explicitly expressing her feminist convictions and openly supporting women's rights. Indicative of this is the criticism that suggests disapproval of Woolf's reluctance to side with her own gender and declare the power of female personality.

The aim here is to challenge such critical views, separate the discussion of impersonality from its association with that of androgyny, and re-visit the issue of Woolf's employment of the impersonal strategy. I examine two of Woolf's essays on nineteenth-century women writers included in her first volume of The Common Reader and offer an analysis from both a gender-oriented and a genderless angle. Woolf's strong affinity with female conditions of oppression, her modernist convictions, her need to compromise with the male-dominated context of the time and her concurrent urge to co-operate with the common reader of an unspecified sex for the sake of artistic creation reveal more complex reasons behind her intentions than those examined by critics so far.