论我国反家庭暴力立法的完善

家庭暴力的发生不仅给受害者造成难以恢复的伤害,也给受害者的家庭、社会的稳定造成了极大危害.本文立足于当前我国家庭暴力的立法现状,剖析其导致的根源和反家庭暴力立法的理论和现实基础,进而总结我国反家庭暴力立法的工作和努力,提出现存问题,并对完善的相关工作提出具体建议.     

性别与法律

引　言性别与法律的关系是女权主义法律理论关注的焦点 ,而女权主义法律理论则是基于两性在政治、经济和社会平等基础上的法哲学。作为法律学识的一个领域 ,女权主义法律理论形成于2 0世纪 80年代。今天 ,女权主义法律理论在美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等西方国家的法律和法律思想中占据重要位置 ,并且影响了有关性暴力、家庭暴力、强奸、工作场所的不平等、性骚扰 ,以及基于性别的歧视的许多论争。女权主义在研究法律的建构和作用时 ,强调法律制度和观念对妇女生活的实际和具体的影响 ,并且挑战既定的基本法律观念。女权主义认为 ,法律的…     

我国农村家庭暴力调查研究——以对农村妇女的家庭暴力为主要分析对象

通过对农村家庭暴力的问卷调查,发现在我国一些农村地区家庭暴力仍较为普遍地存在,且以对农村妇女的家庭暴力为主要类型。从社会性别理论的角度分析,家庭暴力尤其是针对妇女的家庭暴力产生的深层原因在于社会性别不平等,农村家庭暴力是对农村妇女基本人权的严重侵害。我国农村防治家庭暴力工作应遵循以下思路逐步推进:(1)在法律制度构建方面应注重完善地方性反家庭暴力立法;(2)结合我国实际,引入民事保护令制度;(3)构建防治家庭暴力的社会合力系统。     

引言

性别与法律的关系是女权主义法律理论关注的焦点,而女权主义法律理论则是基于两性在政治、经济和社会平等基础上的法哲学.作为法律学识的一个领域,女权主义法律理论形成于20世纪80年代.今天,女权主义法律理论在美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等西方国家的法律和法律思想中占据重要位置,并且影响了有关性暴力、家庭暴力、强奸、工作场所的不平等、性骚扰,以及基于性别的歧视的许多论争.     

人身保护令在反家暴中的法律初探

家庭暴力一直是一个全世界普遍关注的社会问题,我国修改后的《民事诉讼法》明确了人身保护令制度为我国反家庭暴力提供了一个相对有效的解决方案。但由于新的民诉法中没有对人身保护令的操作程序作出具体明确的规定所以人身保护令不能得到很好的施行。本文通过介绍人身保护令制度的意义以及在我国的现状和存在的问题,提出了完善该项制度的构想,以期望人身保护令制度能够在反家庭暴力的司法实践中发挥其独特的制度功能,最终达到减少家暴,维护家庭和睦乃至整体社会和谐的立法目的。     

反家庭暴力法的立法整合与趋势

中国反家庭暴力立法历经15年的变迁,主体范围不断扩大,暴力类型也日趋多样。反家庭暴力的"去家庭化"基本理念已逐步确立,救济手段也从当初的单一化、抽象化向多元化、具体化发展。并初步形成了全国性立法与地方性立法互动的基本格局,为我国制定统一的反家庭暴力法提供了观念基础和制度框架,制定全国性的反家庭暴力法条件已经成熟。     

我国反家庭暴力的立法缺失与完善

家庭暴力破坏家庭的和谐与稳定,已经成为社会的公害。本文从分析我国反家庭暴力的立法现状入手,提出我国在反家庭暴力立法方面的不足,进而从立法、司法层面提出了构建我国未来的家庭暴力防治法的建议。     

对《反家庭暴力法》(草案)的拓展性思考

家庭暴力作为一个舶来的法律词汇,在其被引入我国后,针对家庭暴力的相关立法体系已经发展了近20年。随着规制家庭暴力的相关立法建立,反家庭暴力法已被纳入立法议程,并且提出了草案。现针对相关立法以及已经被纳入立法议程的《反家庭暴力法》草案进行思考,从概念界定、规制范围、责任承担和规制主体等争议问题入手讨论,并分析尽快颁布《反家庭暴力法》的可行性。     

美国女权主义法学—法学的“另一种声音”

美国女权主义法学是2 0世纪下半叶涌现出来的新兴法学理论。本文首先分析了美国女权主义法学运动的起源与发展状况,然后在阐述四种主要的女权主义法学派别的基础上,着重分析了女权主义法学的特征、与其他法学理论的关系及其理论意义,认为美国女权主义法学对我国的法学研究、立法及司法活动有较大的启示。     

大陆地区家庭暴力立法状况的回顾

家庭暴力这一社会问题已经引起越来越多社会大众的关注,而与此相关的法律问题,尤其是立法问题也已同样提上了议事日程。了解我国家庭暴力的立法状况,有利于了解我国在家庭暴力立法中积累的经验,立法的现状,以及在此过程中存在的一些问题,完善与此相关的立法制度。     

Protecting Battered Women

Abstract

Summary. Domestic violence is a major societal problem that affects millions of people. The American legal system is attempting to assist victims of domestic violence by designing laws that offer various types of protection. The civil laws have been expanded to provide protection to more people, such as dating partners, same-sex couples, and people who offer help to victims. In addition, a victim of domestic violence can seek a particularized form of relief, designed for their specific situation. The laws will vary between jurisdictions, but the movement is towards more complete and effective laws that assist people who are in violent situations.     

Combating Domestic Violence During COVID-19: What Does the Chinese Experience Show Us?

Previous evidence demonstrates that a public health crisis triggers and intensifies domestic violence, especially against women. The pandemic of COVID-19 supported this observation, as the world witnessed an increase in domestic violence. China has witnessed a similar trend. While the Chinese government is applying a stringent model of virus control measures over COVID-19 when compared to certain other countries, many questions remain: How is this impacting the situation of domestic violence in China? What has China done to combat domestic violence during COVID-19? What can we learn from the Chinese experience? This article intends to answer these questions by reviewing reports and media coverage and conducting interviews with stakeholders. First, it examines causes of domestic violence during COVID-19. Second, it analyses the types and features of domestic violence during COVID-19. Third, the article intends to discover the current difficulties in combatting domestic violence. Fourth, it presents good practices for specific local areas. Last, it concludes with recommendations for tackling domestic violence during public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, by understanding the Chinese experience.     

Domestic violence: A national study of the nature, size and effects of domestic violence in the Netherlands

This article reports on a large-scale nation-wide study conducted by Intomart among 1,000 randomly selected Dutch adults (male and female) about their experiences with domestic violence. An important goal of the survey was to generate general information on domestic violence. It turns out that nearly half of the Dutch population (45%) has at one time been a victim of some form of non-incidental domestic violence. It was also demonstrated that both men and women become victims of domestic violence, and the high percentages of victimization during childhood are particularly striking. Furthermore, it turned out that domestic violence often involves a combination of physical, mental and sexual forms of violence.     

OUTING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Studies show that domestic violence among same-sex couples occurs at approximately the same statistical frequency and has many of the same characteristics as domestic violence among heterosexual couples. In addition to the elements involved in domestic violence among heterosexual couples, gays and lesbians face a series of highly specific forms of abuse perpetrated exclusively in same-sex relationships. Yet a severe disparity exists in the services that are available to victims based on which of the two types of relationships they are involved in. In the vast majority of states, family is narrowly defined within domestic violence statutes, precluding gays and lesbians from seeking civil redress for crimes perpetrated against them by their partners. For this reason, it is imperative that state legislatures react to this discrepancy by redrafting domestic violence statutes and defining family more inclusively to provide appropriate protections to victims of same-sex domestic violence.     

An Exploratory Analysis of Florida Law Enforcement Domestic Violence Policies

The high social cost of domestic violence has caught the attention of lawmakers and criminal justice agency administrators across the country. As public awareness and concern over the incidence of domestic violence has risen, domestic violence legislation has focused on, among other things, the law enforcement response to domestic violence. The purpose of this study is to examine Florida law enforcement agency response to domestic violence by analyzing agency standard operating procedures (SOPs) across measures identified in the Florida Model Policy for Domestic Violence. Utilizing content analysis, the authors identify agency policy mandates including the number of officers responding to the scene, the use of specialized units, availability of victim advocates, and procedures for investigation.     

Predicting the occurrence of stalking in relationships characterized by domestic violence

A high correlation has been found between domestic violence and stalking. However, very few studies have examined what factors predict the occurrence of stalking in relationships characterized by domestic violence. Using in-depth interviews with victims of domestic violence whose cases have gone through the criminal justice system, this article explores this issue. It was found that experiences of stalking by their abusers were very prevalent in this group of domestic violence victims. In terms of predicting stalking, domestic violence victims who were not in a relationship with their abuser, whose abusers had an alcohol or drug problem, who experienced more controlling behaviors by their abusers, and who had experienced prior stalking by their abusers were at the greatest risk of experiencing more severe stalking. Implications for intervention are discussed.     

Exploring Motivations for Domestic Violence by Women in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Family Violence - Both women and men suffer from domestic violence around the world. While domestic violence against women has received considerable research attention, domestic violence...     

可操作性家庭暴力概念入法之理由分析

家庭暴力在古代社会体现的是男性家长的特权和权威,通过家礼由家长在家庭内部自行解决。由于当代社会男女两性平等和人权理念的影响颇深,人们已经意识到家庭暴力并非家庭内部纠纷,而是侵犯人权的社会问题,仅靠道德是无法解决的。同时,家庭暴力是世界范围内普遍存在的问题,因此,从国际公约禁止针对妇女的暴力开始,到目前为止已有40余个国家颁布了反家庭暴力法。我国2001年修订的《婚姻法》虽然明确规定"禁止家庭暴力,"可并未给予定义;随后《最高人民法院关于适用〈婚姻法〉若干问题解释(一)》虽对"家庭暴力"给予定义,但与国际公约等法律文件相比其先天存在许多不足。这不仅削弱了反家庭暴力的力度,而且也不利于保护受害者的权利。可操作性概念入法尤为必要。     

A Cross-cultural Comparison of Social Reform: The Growing Pains of the Battered Women's Movements in Washington, D.C. and Madrid, Spain

In this exploratory cross-cultural study, we use interview data from representatives of social service, criminal justice, and policy-making agencies in two capital cities (Washington, D.C.) and Madrid, Spain) to compare responses to domestic violence within each country's sociolegal and cultural context. While both countries have patriarchal structures, there is great difference in the history, funding, development, and participants of the battered women's movement. For instance, in Spain the government determined the appropriate response to domestic violence from the onset, whereas in the United States the power to frame, find, and respond to the issue operated through a more insidious process of state cooptation. In both countries, wider social changes did not result; rather, services were provided as the movements became tied to finding requirements and to satisfying bureaucratic exigencies. Within this context, we analyze respondents'perceptions and interpretations of domestic violence as well as the institutional practices and future strategies proposed for continued social action.