奥巴马政府的新亚洲战略

美国总统奥巴马的新亚洲战略与布什虽无本质区别,但有若干重大调整：战略重心东移更加明显;提出＂双管齐下战略＂;加强对多边机制的重视和支持;战略内容从注重安全变得更富于综合性。按照这一调整,美国将加强在亚太地区的军事存在;扩大了与盟国的同盟功能;将反恐重点转移到阿富汗和巴基斯坦;密切与东盟的关系;提升中美关系的战略地位;应对朝核问题。其战略目标仍是加强美国在亚洲地区的主导地位,维护美国在该地区的战略利益。     

国家大战略:目标与途径

国家大战略的构成要素主要有战略目标、战略实力和战略途径。关于战略实力,中国学术界论述较多,而对于战略目标和战略途径涉及较少。本文首先对战略目的、战略目标和战略任务三个概念进行了区分。在此基础上,作者对大战略的目标进行了确定,认为应该是防止外部威胁、控制外部威胁和化解外部威胁,并提出了实现战略目标的几种途径。     

当前日本对外战略:成因、手段及前景

进入21世纪以来,伴随国内经济社会转型、政治生态及外部环境的重大变化,日本追求“政治大国化”对外战略目标的步伐愈发坚定,尤其重视对国家资源的深度开发与重新配置,实施战略的手段选择日趋多样化、综合化。当前及今后一个时期,日本战略实施进程将重点围绕几个关键议题展开,包括联合国外交、日美同盟、对华政策及朝核问题等,其走向将直接影响亚太战略格局与中国周边安全环境。     

布什第二任期的亚太战略初探

总的看，布什第二任期的亚太战略与第一任期的亚太战略不会有大的变化，但侧重点和具体布局将有所调整，使之与调整后的全球战略相适应，更好地为维护美国在亚太和全球的战略目标和战略利益服务。     

奥巴马政府亚太战略调整与中美关系

奥巴马政府的亚太战略在延续中有所调整,与冷战后历届总统相比,甚至与自己执政初期相比,战略目标没有发生根本变化,但在战略议题、战略手段方面都出现变化。美国通过外交、军事和经济等综合手段强化了领导亚太地区的能力和意愿,其基于地缘政治的战略布局转为指向威胁的战略布局。美国战略重心的全方位转移与中国因素和中关关系具有关联性,中国是美国亚太战略调整的缘起和重要内容。美国亚太战略的调整对中美关系和中国地区外交战略带来新挑战。     

论日本“政治大国”战略

“政治大国”战略是８０年代以来日本政府所确立、推行的国家发展的总体战略。其战略目标主要有三,提出了形成以“美日欧”三级为主导的世界新秩序的主张。以重点推行“大国外交”和欧亚大陆外交。推行政治改革、向军事大国迈进、巩固经济大国地位、向世界推行“文化输出”战略等为推进政治大国战略的手段。日本实现其政治大国的战略目标并非易事,受许多因素的制约。     

美国对华战略演变与中国和平发展

美国的对华战略目标是美国经济利益、战略利益与意识形态相结合的产物，中美关系的发展正是随着美国对华战略目标中的各种因素的变化而变化。台湾问题的实质是中美关系问题，也是未来可能导致中美对抗和冲突的问题。中国坚持走和平发展的道路，努力发展同美国的关系，但决不允许事关中国根本利益的台湾问题走向反面。     

从战略妥协到战略反制:普京对美政策的新选择——兼论俄美关系的变化对未来中俄战略协作的影响

从2004年10月开始,俄美两国间的三大结构性矛盾日益凸现,普京政府被迫终结对美国的战略妥协,转而对其实行烈度不断增强的战略反制政策.该政策具有迫切性与抗争性、有选择性与适度性、制衡性与防守性的特点,同时也带来了中俄战略协作伙伴关系的变化.     

当前世界地缘战略态势及其前景

本文分析了伊拉克战争以来的国际地缘政治态势 ,认为伊战后国际地缘战略态势发生了四大变化 ,即 :大西洋变宽了、太平洋变窄了、亚太升高了、中国崛起态势更明朗了。文章还在分析美、欧、俄、日等主要战略力量的地缘战略调整的基础上 ,对未来世界地缘战略态势的变化前景进行分析 ,认为今后一二十年 ,大国地缘政治关系将进入一个相对稳定时期 ,这有利于中国实现和平崛起的战略目标。     

论奥巴马政府对外战路的调整

自奥巴马入主白宫以来，美国的对外政策与过去相比有了较大的变化，主要表现为：信奉多边主义，重视多边机制的参与和合作；注重“软实力”的运用，致力于改善美国的国际形象：强调接触和对话．注重通过外交手段解决争端；讲求原则和实用主义相结合，从而更加务实。然而，奥巴马政府对外战略的调整也是有限的：一是不会改变维护美国“一超独霸”地位的战略目标；二是美国对外战略始终受国内政党政治和利益集团的制约；三是面临中期选举，民主党为确保胜选，不能过度调整其内外政策。当前的伊核问题、阿富汗局势、巴以和平进程等已经成为奥巴马政府无法回避的挑战。     

New Identity, New Interests and New Diplomacy

At the end of 2003, two experts on Chinese affairs from the American Rand Corporation, Evan S. Medeiros and M. Taylor Fravel published an article, "China's New Diplomacy," demonstrating changes in China's international perspective, attitude toward international society, foreign policy, and the diplomatic policy-making system and process. ① This article initiated much research, both domestic and foreign, on China's new diplomacy.     

新游戏需要新体系

全球化正在形成超出现代模式的政治新条件和新问题。现代政治的思维框架是国家政治与国际政治,这两个政治层次并不能有效解释和解决全球规模的政治问题,因此需要建立一种与全球尺度相配的全球政治分析框架。现代政治思维建立在敌对和争霸博弈的概念上,而全球化使得知识、信息和技术得到普遍化,因此,互相对称的策略模仿将导致各方都无利可图甚至自取其祸。另外,全球化导致各方在经济和生存上的高度互相依赖,一种以全球资本、通用技术和通用媒介结合组成的新权力正在形成对世界的网络式支配,这种新权力不再通过暴力优势而是通过服务优势而获得支配性权力,权力的新公式是:服务造就权力。于是,全球政治面临的问题不再是敌对争霸,而是如何达到最优共在。以非排他的共在原则为基础的新天下体系最有可能解决全球规模的政治和经济难题而达到世界和平。     

New Changes and New Challenges

The current Sino-U. S. relations have shown a very complex and dynamic look. Cooperation and friction between the two countries are increasing simultaneously. On the one hand, cooperation and consensus between the two sides in regards of counter-terrorism,nonproliferation, management of North Korea nuclear crisis, promotion of UN reform, and prevention of bird flu are on the increase.     

New Values for New International Norms

The UN Charter and most international norms formulated under U.S. dominance since the 20th century are based on American values of "equality, democracy and freedom". As a rising power in the era of globalization, China should draw upon its traditional political thoughts in promoting the values system of fairness, justice and civility and shaping the new-type international norms.     

New Theories for New World Architecture

The world is undergoing a complicated transition-something which theorists and strategists both at home and abroad agree. But where is the world headed? Why? And how? To date there has been no general consensus on the answers to these questions. Indeed, no answers to speak of. So while everyone agrees there a complicated     

A New Game Needs a New System

Globalization has ushered in new political conditions and new political issues which goes beyond modernity. Internal politics and international politics, two political layers of the framework of modern political thinking, cannot effectively expound and solve political problems on the global scale, hence the need to introduce a global political analytical framework befitting the new global conditions. In contrast with modern political thinking which is based on the concept of hostile and competitive game, globalization has promoted universalization of knowledge, information and technology, and consequently symmetrical imitation of strategies will bring no gains but self-destruction. Moreover, with the high interdependency in economy and existence resulting from globalization, a new power, made up of global capital, shared technology and common media, is exerting its networked global dominance. This new power derives its authority not from its strength but from service, and its new power formula is: service is power. Thus the challenge for the global politics is not hostile competition but the optimization of co-existence. The new all-under heaven system, based on non-exclusive co-existence, holds the best chance to the resolution of political and economic problems on the global scale and world peace.     

桓仁满族自治县 太极八卦城的新突破

这枚碧野蓝天的几何图案，是桓仁满族自治县的标识：蓝天下的五女山峰，突兀巍峨，公元前37年建在五女山的都城遗址荣登世界文化遗产名录；绿色丛中的浑江与哈达河，流淌出一幅天然的太极图形；加之八边的外形轮廓，凸显了桓仁——世界上绝无仅有的太极八卦城的不凡气质。     

China＇s Diplomacy： New Trends and New Characteristics

In the 60 years since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, the country has pursued a peace-oriented foreign policy. After the end of the Beijing Olympics in October 2008, China＇s foreign relations began to take on a new look. The country now participates more actively in global and regional issues, forging multilateral and bilateral relationships, and entering into discussions on maritime rights and military strategy. It could be said that China is now showing more initiative, independence, confidence, transparency and a greater sense of responsibility, and strengthening cooperation with all partners. These changes are mainly due to China＇s increasing comprehensive national strength and its need to integrate into the international system in a peaceful and harmonious manner with benefits to all. China has redefined its identity and reassessed its interests. These changes are ongoing, and the nation＇s diplomacy is still not perfect, but the general direction has now been set.     

走向新世纪的不结盟运动

自2003年第13届不结盟首脑峰会对不结盟运动重新定位和调整以来,不结盟运动有了重要发展。2006年9月15日,第14届不结盟国家首脑会议在古巴首都哈瓦那召开,会议重新确立了不结盟运动的历史地位,使不结盟运动在沉寂多年后再度活跃起来。一、不结盟运动重新趋于活跃进入新世纪以来