论法律推理的合法性要求

合法性是对司法审判活动的基本要求,在法律推理中同样如此。法律形式主义的合法性理论遭到了法律现实主义的否定,这两种理论都是以简化的法律推理模式为出发点的。本文指出,法律推理的合法性首先要求法律推理必须使用法律上的理由;其次还取决于当事人及其律师的合法参与以及社会对司法判决的一般性接受。     

The role of coherence in legal reasoning

Many contemporary philosophers of law agree that a necessary condition for a decision to be legally justified, even in a hard case, is that it coheres with established law. Some, namely Sartorius and Dworkin, have gone beyond that relatively uncontroversial claim and described the role of coherence in legal justification as analogous to its role in moral and scientific justification, on contemporary theories. In this, I argue, they are mistaken. Specifically, coherence in legal justification is sometimes specific to a branch of law, and there is nothing isomorphic to this in the models of moral and scientific justification. Although Dworkin and Sartorius rely on the concept of coherence, they do not explicate it. In the course of examining their views, this essay offers a partial analysis of coherence on their models. Finally, two canons of relevance, governing when global coherence considerations are appropriate to legal justification, are presented.     

Pragmatic relevance/strength of lexico-grammar choices in EU legal documents

The present study focuses on the communicative relevance of lexical choices in the documents of the European Union Committee of the Regions （CoR） and of other related bodies within a pragmalinguistic perspective. The function of the Committee of the Regions is to issue opinions on proposals for Community legislation which are closest to the citizen interests - education, youth, culture, health. It is thus a voice at the heart of the EU which aims at increasing the participation of European regions in community life. Our corpus consists in 100 documents （Proposals and Opinions） whose lexico-grammatical aspects and communicative/ rhetorical strategies are here investigated. Our hypothesis is that such texts aim at creating a holistic we to construe a common ground of interests, within the constraints of legal intercourses, shared by both the sender and the receiver of the messages. Frequently occurring lexical items are： welcome, ensure, strengthen, aid. To stress urgency, generate empathy, emphasize needs and endorse value-positions are the recognizable perlocutionary effects of such semantic/pragmatic choices. Tools for analysis were taken from the domain of pragmalinguistics, from Evaluative/Appraisal Frameworks and, also, from social sciences. Particularly relevant appeared the notion of＇advocacy＇ （i.e., when researchers are asked to use their expertise to defend the subjects＇ interests in healthcare, education, political rights, and cultural autonomy）. This study will provide both qualitative and quantitative data to support our hypothesis, and will offer suggestions for further research.     

法律义务冲突初论

法律义务冲突概括的是这种情况:同一法律义务人同时承担两种或两种以上不相容(具体表现为两种或者两种以上的义务不能得到同时履行)的法律义务,履行其中一个法律义务,就必然要违反其他的法律义务进而可能承担责任的义务抵触状态。法律义务冲突具有法律性、客观性、冲突性和身分性等特征。同时,法律规则之间、法律规则与法律原则之间以及法律原则之间冲突的解决方法为解决法律义务冲突提供了可参考的途径。     

On the beginnings of foundational legal research into legal discourse

Conclusion The beginnings of foundational legal research require reflective access to the cultural dynamics which drive the social construction of legal reality. Such access is blocked by our naive immersion within commonsensical and policy-orientated attunements towards our experience of law.Since this very blockage is veiled by its own operation, a suspension of these standpoints is required. This allows us to begin to comprehend the way common sense institutes an ungrounded and superficial obviousness through a self-concealing and naively realistic interpretative schema. From here the positive character of foundational legal studies can itself emerge as the systematic interrogation of legal experience in relation to its what, how and forwhom structure. Foundational theorising is then redirected towards a more respectful and less exploitative relationship with the linguistic roots of our consciousness of law.I would like to thank Peter Goodrich for the useful comments made on the first draft of this article.     

论诚信法制建设

诚信是市场经济的灵魂。一个没有诚信、没有秩序的市场,就无法保障经济的可持续增长,更无法带来民众生活质量的提升。诚信是规范、制度和价格的统一体,是现代社会中每一个成员都必须遵循的基本规则和社会义务,也是全面建设小康社会不可忽视的一个方面。本文从诚信的内涵,诚信面临的危机,危机的根源分析,他山之石等方面阐述了诚信的相关问题,并着重论述了如何完善我国的诚信法制,建立诚信社会的具体构想。     

Mental disorder and legal responsibility: The relevance of stages of decision making

The paper discusses the relevance of decision-making models for evaluating the impact of mental disorder on legal responsibility. A three-stage model is presented that analyzes decision making in terms of behavioral control. We argue that understanding dysfunctions in each of the three stages of decision making could provide important insights in the relation between mental disorder and legal responsibility. In particular, it is argued that generating options for action constitutes an important but largely ignored stage of the decision-making process, and that dysfunctions in this early stage might undermine the whole process of making decisions (and thus behavioral control) more strongly than dysfunctions in later stages. Lastly, we show how the presented framework could be relevant to the actual psychiatric assessment of a defendant's decision making within the context of an insanity defense.     

论法律价值的模糊性

法的模糊性是指法律元素具有的性质与类属不完全的特性。法律价值作为法律的重要要素具有模糊性,主要有两种表现：一是价值形态及其运用的模糊性;二是诸价值之间的关系具有模糊性。法律价值的模糊性是一切法的模糊性的根源。     

独立董事法律问题研究

In order to avoid independent directors from being against minority shareholders, and urging them to play the role of checking up big shareholders and insiders with full power in listed companies, the rules for independent directors shall be amended gradually. Currently, the reform on the independent director regime shall be made in some aspects. First, the positions of independent directors shall be held by qualified professionals; Second, independent directors shall pass the exam for such posts; Third, independent directors shall take full-time jobs; Fourth, the firms of independent directors shall be established with limited partnership liability; Fifth, independent directors shall undertake joint liabilities. Guan Xiaofeng, professor of School of Civil and Commercial and Economic Laws, China University of Political Science and Law (CUPL). He is also an arbitrator of China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Committee (CIETAC). He has engaged in teaching and research on civil and commercial laws for a long term, and written a monograph of Introduction to Financial Law. Moreover, he has released over 40 academic papers in respect of commercial, financial and contract law.     

关于医生处方权法律属性的探讨

目前对于医生处方权的法律属性尚未有统一的认识，本文从分析权利、权力的性质出发，结合医生处方权的取得、所指向的客体及其所处的基础法律关系性质的分析，认为医生处方权应属于私权利。     

海运危货法律关系论纲

论述了海运危货法律关系中运输主体的资格及其在危货运输中的权利义务问题,阐释了危货运输行为及危货本身的法律属性,揭示了海运危货法律关系相对于海上货物运输法律关系的特殊性。     

《周易》中的法律思想及其影响

《周易》不仅是中国古代的占筮用书 ,而且也包含着诸多法律思想 ,其中的“刑罚清”、“刑法中”、“明罚敕法”、“明慎用刑”以及息讼思想 ,对后世的中国传统文化产生了深远的影响 ,探讨这一问题 ,对于研究中国传统文化大有益处。     

基因科技的法律问题研究(2)

第三章人类基因的法律地位凡是与生命现象有关的事物都可能被纳入基因科技影响的范围.除了目前一般人熟知的基因 复制与基因医疗、制药以外,农林渔牧生产、生态保育、公共卫生、人类生理信息的识别判 断等等,都与基因科技息息相关.亲子身份关系、医患关系、就业的基因歧视、基因证据、 DNA数据库、基因样本采集、强制基因筛检、基因研究免责、基因隐私、基因信息所有权、 基因物质支配权、智能财产权、基因科技商品化带来的商品责任等等问题,日后势必一一浮 现为社会论争的议题.笔者在此仅就人类基因的法律地位、基因的知识产权法律保护等几个法律问题作初步探讨.