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正我国《刑法》第269条规定了理论上所称的事后抢劫罪。事后抢劫罪的发案率较高,但刑法理论与司法实践对本罪的成立条件仍然存在不同认识,需要进一步展开讨论。盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪,是事后抢劫罪的前提犯罪。对这一问题的理解主要有以下几点:第一,客观上可能盗窃、诈骗、抢夺数额较大的财物,主观上具有盗窃、诈骗、抢夺数额较大财物故意的行为,符合"犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪"的条件。第二,"犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪"应当限定为犯第264条的盗窃罪、第266条 相似文献
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再论盗窃与抢夺的界限——对公然盗窃论的质疑 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
盗窃罪与抢夺罪的区分,有旧界分说与新界分说之争。新界分说对旧界分说的批判有其合理性,但将抢夺罪界定为以对物暴力的手段夺取被害人紧密持有财物的观点,脱离了中国刑事立法的语境,忽略了盗窃罪与抢夺罪事实上罪质相当、不具有阶梯性的特点。维持刑法解释传统的延续性,应坚持旧界分说,但在主观认识与客观实际不一致时,应按照抽象事实认识错误处理。不论是紧密占有还是松懈占有,公然非法取得他人财物的,均应认定为抢夺罪。盗窃既遂后被发现进而追赶的,不属于公然盗窃行为;盗窃行为实施过程中转化为抢夺的,按犯意转化的原则处理。 相似文献
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对于“绑票”行为如何定性的问题,我赞同应比照抢劫罪类推为“绑票”罪的主张。一、“绑票”行为不能定敲诈勒索罪和非法拘禁罪。首先“绑票”是一种以绑架人质为手段,勒索财物持有人,迫使其交出财物赎取人质的犯罪行为。犯罪人在主观上只有一个非法取得他人财物的犯罪故意。客观上,行为人要实施绑架人质和勒索财物两个行为,这是一个完整的犯罪行为不可分割的两个步骤。在“绑票”行为中,绑架人质是勒索财物的必要手段,勒索财物是绑架人质的目的,二者一是手段行 相似文献
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《刑法修正案(八)》器官犯罪规定之解析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《刑法修正案(八)》第35条增设了有关器官犯罪的规定,其核心内容是新增了一个罪名。该罪名应确定为组织出卖人体器官罪。该罪中的人体器官既包括《人体器官移植条例》所指的器官的全部或者部分,也应包括角膜等人体组织。本罪客观方面表现为组织出卖他人人体器官的行为,主体是一般主体,主观方面是故意。非法摘取活体器官与尸体器官的行为不构成该罪,应视其情况分别认定为故意杀人罪、故意伤害罪或盗窃、侮辱尸体罪。 相似文献
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《刑法修正案(八)》增加入户盗窃作为一种特殊类型的盗窃犯罪,加强了对公民户内安宁权的法益保护,从而解决了盗窃行为以非法侵入住宅罪入罪的正当性问题。对入户盗窃着手的判断仍然要坚持对财物有"现实而紧迫的危险"这一标准;入户后分文未取是盗窃未遂,情节严重的应当以刑法规制。 相似文献
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BILL McCARTHY 《犯罪学》1995,33(4):519-538
In his controversial challenge to criminologists, Jack Katz argues for a reexamination of situational factors that precipitate criminal acts, specifically those that concern crime's sensual dynamics. According to Katz, people's immediate social environment and experiences encourage offenders to construct crimes as sensually compelling. Although insightfil, I suggest that this thesis is limited, specifically as it applies to “sneaky thrill” property crime. Katz's emphasis on the enticements of theft, at the expense of other variables, negates a considerable body of research and leaves a theoretical hiatus that encourages explanations grounded in individual pathology. I suggest a revision of Katz 's approach that addresses these concerns. I test this reformulation with models of various stages of sneaky thrill theft. The results of this analysis affirm that the seduction of theft has an important instrumentalist component and is influenced by several background factors, namely, age, gender, and the strain associated with inadequate econ om ic opportunities. 相似文献
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盗窃罪的客观构成要件是违反占有人意愿而转移财物的占有;相反,得到占有人同意而取走财物,就可以排除盗窃罪的客观构成要件。将被害人同意的一般原理与盗窃罪构成要件的具体特征相结合,能够强化刑法总论与各论之间的整合与协调,促进刑法教义学的纵深发展。运用"预设的同意"理论,可以有效回应ATM机等自助型机器类案件中的疑难问题:使用"伪币"从机器处取得财物的,构成盗窃罪;使用真币从机器处取得财物后又抽出真币的,构成针对真币的盗窃罪;非法使用他人的信用卡在ATM机上取款的,不构成盗窃罪;使用信用卡利用ATM机故障恶意取款的,构成盗窃罪。在盗窃陷阱的场合,应根据是否存在同意而区分既遂和未遂。按照"客观权限+审核义务"的标准来区分盗窃罪间接正犯与三角诈骗,体现了对被害人意愿的尊重。 相似文献
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对盗窃在他人保管之下的本人财物行为如何定性,涉及财产罪保护法益范围、盗窃罪故意与非法占有目的内容以及《刑法》第91条第二款的理解等刑法理论问题。合法占有权并非一概都能对抗所有权,对盗窃在他人保管之下的本人财物行为,如果没有索赔或接受赔偿不能构成盗窃罪;反之,如果又进行索赔或接受赔偿的则构成盗窃罪。 相似文献
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侵占罪与盗窃罪的界定 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从侵占罪与盗窃罪各自的构成要件比较中来区分两者是比较容易的 ,但在司法实践中搞清两者之间的界限绝非易事 ,但又不是没有规律可寻。确定是侵占罪还是盗窃罪关键要把握物的支配状态。无论何种之物 ,只要行为人对其取得支配时不是用秘密手段取得的 ,就不是盗窃罪 ;对物不是用秘密手段取得的支配以后 ,只要行为人对物有法律上或事实上的代为保管关系 ,对物非法占为己有 ,拒不退还的 ,就构成了侵占罪。 相似文献
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This paper assesses violent crime in Colombia by focusing on police arrest data from 1938 to 1967. Social and political conditions provide the cultural context from which the effects of modernization on crime are examined. Shelley's modermization perspective claims that violent crime increases when a country modernizes, but property crimes increase after relative wealth and prosperity are achieved. Regression results support Shelley's perspective for the crimes of robbery and theft, whereas her theory gamered weaker support for the crimes of homicide and assault. Theoretical implications for modernization theory in light of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
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刑法若干条款罪数形态之分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
《刑法》第120条第2款包含牵连犯的情形,实行数罪并罚;第157条的走私罪与妨碍公务罪构成牵连犯,应实行数罪并罚;第171条第3款中伪造货币并出售或者运输的,构成牵连犯,择一重罪从重处罚;伪造货币后使用自己伪造的货币,构成牵连犯,使用假币视为事后不可罚行为;第196条第3款中出于非法占有财物的目的,行窃中得到财物同时意外得到信用卡后使用的,应以盗窃罪和信用卡诈骗罪并罚;第198条第2款属于兼容犯,实行择一重罪从重处罚。 相似文献
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This article examines the largely atheoretical tradition of victimization research and some of the unintended consequences of work in the area. In using a legalistic definition of crime, victimization research has failed to incorporate the public's definition of crime and victimization. While “street” and property crime have a decided impact upon people's lives, the consequences of real or alleged corporate and political crimes also affect people's concep-tions of their lives. The authors outline the beginnings of a theoretically apposite reinterpretation of perceptual victimlogy findings and related methodological concerns, and suggest ways that social scientists can become actively involved in the debunk-ing of the “crime wave” mentality perpetuated through the media by providing alternate interpretations of crime statistics. 相似文献
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聚众哄抢财物行为通常成立聚众哄抢罪;哄抢使用中厂房的物资设备的,是聚众哄抢罪与破坏生产经营罪的想象竞合犯,以聚众哄抢罪定罪处罚;聚众是与哄抢并列的行为或者是哄抢行为的方式或状态,说明了聚众哄抢罪的必要共同犯罪特征;成立聚众哄抢罪未必要有首要分子组织、策划或纠集;聚众哄抢罪的对象是他人占有的动产或者不动产中可以分离的部分;哄抢的本质是公然抢夺或盗窃;不符合聚众哄抢罪的哄抢财物行为可认定为抢夺罪或盗窃罪;聚众哄抢罪与抢夺罪、盗窃罪的共犯有差异;哄抢人采取对人暴力或胁迫等方式,压制被害人反抗而哄抢财物的成立抢劫罪,聚众哄抢罪可以成立事后抢劫;聚众"打砸抢"是聚众实施某些寻衅滋事行为的特别规定;"致人伤残、死亡"应限制解释为聚众"打砸"人所致;"毁坏或者抢走公私财物"是抢劫罪的法律拟制,首要分子以外的人成立寻衅滋事罪(或与敲诈勒索罪、聚众哄抢罪、故意毁坏财物罪等的想象竞合犯)。 相似文献
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ROBERT M. O'BRIEN 《犯罪学》1989,27(1):57-78
The compositional effects of relatively large young-adult cohorts on the total rate of serious crimes is well established. The more subtle effect of relative cohort size on age-specific crime rates, suggested by Richard Easterlin, is more controversial. The literature contains no adequate test of Easterlin's hypothesis as it relates to crime. To provide an adequate test of Easterlin's theory, this study includes age-specific rates and measures of relative cohort size and controls for age and period in an age-period-relative-cohort-size model. Using arrest data from the Uniform Crime Reports (Part I crimes) for the years 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1985, the analysis provides support for Easterlin's theory for property crimes, that is, for robbery, burglary, and larceny (but not for motor vehicle theft). Though these relationships were small in comparison to those between age or period and age-specific crime rates, they were generally statistically significant and were replicated with data from 1962, 1967, 1972, 1977, 1982, and 1987. The relationships between relative cohort size and assaultive crimes provided little consistent support for Easterlin's theory. 相似文献