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1.
    
ABSTRACT

Campus sexual assault (SA) policies and sexual consent definitions have not been widely studied. The study team conducted a nationally representative review of college and university websites (n = 995), assessing the prevalence of publicly accessible online policies and definitions and examining associations with school characteristics. A content analysis was performed on a subsample (n = 100) of consent definitions. Most schools (93.0%) had an SA policy and consent definition (87.6%) available online. Schools were more likely to have a policy or consent definition if they were large (≥5,000 students), public, or had a female enrollment of ≥33%. Detail and comprehensiveness of definitions varied. Findings highlight opportunities for schools—especially small schools, private schools, and those with more male students—to increase access to SA policies and consent definitions.  相似文献   

2.
    
ABSTRACT

Despite recent attention to campus sexual assault (CSA), we know little about how institutions of higher education (IHE) have approached policy reform. Using anonymous web-based survey responses of 190 staff, faculty, and administrators from IHEs, we examined priorities that guided CSA policy implementation, as well as characteristics that explain attitudes toward CSA policy reforms. Respondents were significantly more likely to think policies had improved than to think that CSA is exaggerated or feel frustrated by the process of implementing CSA reforms. Respondents were also more likely to name due process and fairness as a high priority on their campus than creating a victim-centered response or managing the campus’ public image, suggesting that IHEs have carefully considered due process protections as they have implemented policies.  相似文献   

3.
    
ABSTRACT

Many universities and colleges now require all “responsible employees,” including faculty, to report known or suspected sexual misconduct to designated Title IX administrators. The intention of these mandatory reporting policies is to ensure institutional accountability and compliance with Title IX’s prohibition against sexual and gender-based discrimination. Yet, critics argue that such policies are overreaching, paternalistic and, ironically, discriminatory. Drawing from prior research on sexual victimization and original exploratory data on gender-based college harassment, this article provides a critical perspective that delineates both the intended goals and unintended consequences of Title IX’s mandatory reporting policies, specifically focusing on three overlapping issues: ambiguous definitions, reporting risks, and faculty’s role in disclosure. We conclude by proposing alternative strategies for achieving Title IX’s objectives.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

To identify characteristics predicting the effective implementation of after-school programs, in-depth interviews were conducted at five sites randomly selected from a subset of 16 ACE after-school sites serving high risk youth in a southwestern city. Qualitative data from structured in-depth interviews, follow-up telephone conversations with personnel as well as researcher observations during site visits were synthesized. Data identified three constellations of characteristics associated with effective implementation: staffing, community and programmatic. Staffing characteristics included limited staff turnover and sufficient training. Community characteristics included cultural sensitivity and community integration. Programmatic characteristics included clearly defined program goals and specific program content. Researcher observations found outcomes assessment would also facilitate program implementation.  相似文献   

5.
SUMMARY

This study presents data from an assessment of substance use prevention programs in 23 elementary and middle schools in northern and central Illinois. The quality of prevention programming was assessed based on program intensity, focus on tobacco, staff resources designated for prevention programs, and implementation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for tobacco prevention. Data from these four dimensions were used to calculate a Quality Index Score. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between individual level variables, school level variables and the outcomes of reported current tobacco use, intent to use tobacco in the coming year, and perceived efficacy of substance use prevention programs. No significant effects were found, indicating that exclusive use of even high quality school-based prevention programs may not be sufficient in changing youth behavior. However, school-based prevention programs may be an important component of a broader ecological approach that uses multiple, community-wide strategies to promote normative change.  相似文献   

6.
SUMMARY

Several researchers within the anti-smoking community have recently claimed that youth access tobacco programs are ineffective and drain limited resources. They make these claims because they feel that youth access programs do not affect teen smoking prevalence. Others have argued that anti-smoking interventions should not fine minors for possession of tobacco. In this last article, we provide a response to these arguments.  相似文献   

7.
    
Campus violence prevention often includes proactively reducing crime through noticing and resolving concerning situations. Within these efforts, interventions aimed at enhancing reporting have been considered necessary. The current study explored several reporting influences on college students’ responses to hypothetical and actual campus safety concerns. Students were unwilling to report most (i.e., 52%) vignettes of pathway behavior, and most students who witnessed campus safety concerns did not report (i.e., 87%). Students who witnessed several concerning behaviors from a nonfriend perpetrator tended to be more willing to report, especially if personally victimized and understanding the violence risk associated with pathway behavior. Analyses supported campus-wide exhibitions of the dangerousness of various pathway behaviors and the fair, flexible authority problem solving available to struggling students.  相似文献   

8.
\"好意施惠\"行为及相关的责任承担   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
好意施惠行为在生活中大量存在,但是它的法律性质却不明确,相关的责任承担往往无法得到妥善解决,甚至影响到社会的和谐发展.本文认为,好意施惠行为不是法律行为,它应该属于事实行为中的无因管理行为,在特殊情况下,它还可能转化为侵权行为.  相似文献   

9.
论公安行政行为与刑事侦查行为的界定   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
公安行政行为和刑事侦查行为都是公安机关的职权行为 ,两种行为的监督救济途径不同。因实施主体的同一和其他原因 ,实践中经常发生两种行为混淆的现象。区分公安行政行为和刑事侦查行为具有重大的理论和现实意义。应用法律授权标准区分两种行为 ,即刑事侦查行为应是公安机关依照刑事诉讼法的明确授权实施的行为  相似文献   

10.
关于实行行为着手的认定存在着主观说、客观说与折衷说的对立。这种对立在我国主要表现为形式的客观说与实质的客观说的分歧。我国通说并非折衷说而是形式的客观说。形式的客观说并不存在实质的客观说论者所批评的过早或过迟认定实行着手的缺陷,是一种值得继续坚持的合理学说。  相似文献   

11.
    
Violence prevention programs are commonplace in today’s schools, though reviews of the literature reveal mixed empirical findings on their effectiveness. Often, these programs include a variety of components such as social skills training, student mentoring, and activities designed to build a sense of school community that have not been tested for individual effectiveness. To fill this gap, we wanted to determine the relationships between specific violence prevention program components and aggression and violence outcomes. Using the U.S. Department of Education’s School Survey on Crime and Safety, we estimated the effects of components of violence prevention programs through analyses with proportional odds logistic regression and Poisson regression models. We found significant relationships between three violence prevention program components (individual attention, mentoring, tutoring, and/or coaching; recreational, enrichment, or leisure activities; and involving students in resolving student conduct problems) and aggression and violence outcomes.  相似文献   

12.
法律行为理论是法理学基本范畴之一,随着行为法学传入中国,我国学者亦重视对法律行为理论的研究。为了避免重复性研究,笔者不揣法陋,对法理学意义上的法律行为理论从研究意义、法律行为释义、法律行为的结构、分类、评价几个方面进行了综合评述。  相似文献   

13.
听证程序适用范围拓展的两个趋势   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
我国行政处罚法首次规定了听证程序 ,这是我国行政法制建设史上具有里程碑意义的举措。但是 ,目前我国听证制度的适用范围显属狭窄 ,有必要借鉴国外有益经验 ,适当扩大。  相似文献   

14.
我国《行政诉讼法》实施近20年来,在监督行政权力的运用和保护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益方面取得了重大的成绩。然而,伴随着时代的发展和行政法治建设的要求,我国现行的行政诉讼受案范围过窄的问题已经凸显。这直接导致了行政诉讼制度的公信力不足,社会各界对行政诉讼的期望值下降,从而严重阻碍了我国行政诉讼制度发展。本文通过分析我国行政诉讼受案范围的现状和局限,提出扩大我国行政诉讼受案范围的几点建议,以期对立法和司法实践有所裨益。  相似文献   

15.
善意取得制度适用范围的扩大,是我国《物权法》的一大特点,将善意取得制度扩大适用于不动产,体现了对交易安全的着重保护,然而考察传统民法的体系可以发现,对不动产的交易安全,往往是由公示公信原则来保护的,这样的体系在大多数大陆法系国家的民法典中也得到了一致的遵循。那么,将善意取得适用于不动产后,如何与公示公信原则衔接便成了一个重要的问题。考察《物权法》草案,可以发现,原本的善意取得有四个要件,而最后出台的《物权法》删去了其中的“转让合同有效”这一要件,这一修改很难找出其学理上的依据,且与民法体系不合。  相似文献   

16.
校园网的安全控制技术包括身份认证技术、防火墙技术、访问控制列表、网络安全检测及分析系统 ;数据安全机制提供的安全服务有加密技术、访问控制机制、数据完整机制、认证交换机制等 ;防病毒技术有病毒预防、病毒检测、病毒清除三方面。为保障发生故障后的恢复 ,必须采用备份机制。  相似文献   

17.
大学生是一个特殊的社会群体,文化程度高,自我期望值大,备受社会的关注,由于他们受到来自家庭、学校、社会和大学生自身缺陷等方面原因的影响,其心理和行为有可能偏离正常发展的轨道,导致校园暴力频频出现。作为大学生思想政治工作者,应紧紧抓住校园暴力产生的根本原因这条主线,进一步加强大学生的思想政治教育、理想信念教育、正确的人生观和价值观教育等等,对校园暴力要具体问题具体分析,确保大学生健康成长。  相似文献   

18.
数字化校园平台建设技术探索   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王卫东 《青年论坛》2008,(4):156-158
数字化校园是利用计算机技术、网络技术、通讯技术对学校与教学、科研、管理和生活服务有关的所有信息资源进行全面的数字化;并用科学规范的管理对这些信息资源进行整合和集成,以构成统一的用户管理、统一的资源管理和统一的权限控制;把学校建设成面向校园内外的一个超越时间、空间的虚拟大学。  相似文献   

19.
在我国目前的经济活动中,商业贿赂行为十分普遍,形式多样,令人防不胜防。商业贿赂无疑是不正当竞争行为,因此几乎所有国家的立法都加以禁止;我国《反不正当竞争法》亦不例外。本文拟对此种行为的内涵和成因进行分析,并尝试提出相应对策。  相似文献   

20.
网络环境下的著作权若干问题研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
网络对于一个社会来讲,已经成为渗透到全社会各个层面的终极工具.网络的迅猛发展,对法律提出了挑战,特别是对与新技术紧密相关的知识产权法律制度.伴随我国网络技术的进一步成熟,网络环境下的侵权案件层出不穷,尤其是著作权侵权案件,逐渐成为理论界近年来讨论的热点之一.在新的技术条件下,我们必须正视著作权法律制度所面临的新的问题和挑战,规范虚拟世界的著作权法律关系,构建日益完善的著作权司法保护机制.  相似文献   

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