"太平洋主义"与21世纪亚太地区体系和秩序

随着中印俄等新兴经济体的兴起,亚太地区在世界格局中的地位不断上升,世界地缘中心正在由大西洋向太平洋转移.同时,太平洋两岸的美中日印俄澳等主要力量越来越关注地区秩序、体系等问题,并试图确立本国在上升的亚太地区及将形成的地区体系中的地位,建立有利于本国的地区体系框架,融合、制约和平衡其他地区力量.因此,亚太地区正在酝酿、出现和形成某种以地区主要力量为若干中心和框架的地区体系和秩序.在此情况下,本文倡导容纳亚太地区主要力量的"太平洋主义"结构、体系和秩序,以全面反映21世纪亚太力量格局的发展变化,融合亚太地区大国问的共同利益和共识,确定地区经济政治的制度安排,确保亚太地区长期和平与发展.     

African women and the wars of resistance and dispossession in the Cape Colony and Xhosaland in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries

ABSTRACT

The eighteenth- and nineteenth-century colonial wars in the Cape Colony and trans-Keian territories in South Africa are usually represented as conflicts primarily involving male antagonists. The roles and experiences of indigenous women are usually overlooked or, at best, mentioned in passing. Closer examination of the wars that took place in what is now the Eastern Cape province of South Africa suggests that women were deeply affected by the various wars in a multitude of ways. They experienced first-hand death, disruption of their families and society, destruction of their homesteads and crops, and the looting of their livestock and other resources and were seized for forced labor. In the midst of the conflict, they developed different strategies to mitigate the effects of the wars and to survive, playing an active role in the wars as leaders, emissaries, and war doctors and in providing intelligence and commissariat support.     

东西方文化交流与艾森豪威尔政府的冷战宣传攻势

20世纪50年代,冷战双方都希望通过各种更微妙的手段来赢得人心,以求达到颠覆敌对阵营并维护自己阵营团结的目的。因此,东西方的文化交流——从体育竞赛、音乐演出、宗教祈祷到科学研究——成为"冷战宣传"的武器。在此背景之下,经过美苏双方的努力,东西方的文化交流获得了比较正常、固定的交流渠道。     

危机的理论与理论的危机

本文介绍正统派与其他各种不同经济学派关于1997年东亚金融危机的生成根源的观点,展示各种经济学派对IMF休克拯救方案以及东亚经济复苏政策的不同看法,探索东亚金融危机对经济发展理论的影响。     

苏联的书报检查制度及其对党和国家发展的影响

苏联是一个意识形态化的国家,它有一个独特的意识形态管理模式,其中,书报检查制度是最敏感、最要害的核心机制。书报检查制度在十月革命初的确有建立的必要,但在后来的政治实践中,却不恰当地集中化,其权力的行使也由国家机构转移到党的机关。这一制度造成了严重的后果。     

International Organisations and the Evolution of Humanitarianism: Cross-perspectives on the Commonwealth and the European Union

Abstract

As international relations actors in the post-Second World War world, international organisations have played a significant role in the standardisation of global policy concepts during the 20th century, and humanitarian assistance has been no exception. While the study of the role of international organisations in shaping a dominant model of humanitarian aid has recently gathered pace, few historians have focused on different, less successful models and interpretations developed by other international organisations. Recently declassified Commonwealth Secretariat records show that discussions within the Secretariat and among member states regarding the potential objectives and scope of Commonwealth humanitarian assistance programmes took place as early as the 1960s, and continued throughout the following decades. This article provides an overview of the origin and evolution of the Commonwealth’s approach to humanitarian assistance since the 1960s. Its objective is to document this hitherto little known aspect of Commonwealth assistance policies, and, based on an initial literature and archival survey, to contribute to the identification of further research questions and gaps in this aspect of Commonwealth history. Although they are very different in nature and scope, the Commonwealth and the European Union share at least one common feature in so far as humanitarian assistance is concerned, namely their difficulty in reaching a consensual definition of it. By exploring the links and discrepancies between, as well as within, each organisation’s approach to humanitarian assistance, and by examining the initiatives of some of their member states, this paper seeks to highlight the plasticity of the definition of humanitarian assistance.     

On the borders of the Turkish and Iranian nation-states: the story of Ferzende and Besra

Following the First World War, empires were replaced with nation-states for good and the map of the Middle East was redrawn. Traced back to the final decades of the nineteenth century, Kurdish nationalism did not result in a nation-state in the modern Middle East. Therefore, the Kurds inhabiting the borderlands of the four nation-states of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria came to be perceived as ‘trouble’ by these nation-states. Through the use of a wide array of published and unpublished Kurdish, Turkish, Persian and French archival documents, memoirs and oral and written literary pieces, this article unearths the role of a Kurdish tribal chief by the name of Ferzende in Mount Ararat Revolt in the late 1920s and early 1930s against the Turkish and Iranian nation-states. An exceptional contribution of this study is its exploration of the petition submitted to the Iranian Parliament by Ferzende's wife Besra. This study thus is a fresh contribution to the study of social history of the Middle East from the margins.     

Cricket and the Commonwealth

This article traces the origins of cricket and examines its evolution in Commonwealth countries. The focus is on Test-playing nations, although the discussion also encompasses newer forms of the game, including especially Twenty20 matches which have, in recent years, acquired increasing popularity. The article also examines the phenomenon of premier leagues in cricket, notably the Indian Premier League, whose emergence during the past decade or so has changed the pace and the economics of what was once called ‘a gentleman’s game’. It will be seen that the common feature in all the countries mentioned is that the game was introduced by the English and nurtured by them for what some people regard as semi political reasons. However it was the English undoubtedly who introduced the game and more importantly introduced the great traditions of the game which we still nurture and respect, despite all the efforts sometimes made to alter them. Cricket has also sometimes, been the means by which countries like India, Pakistan and the West Indies especially, have striven to beat their erstwhile masters and show their dominance at least in the field of cricket.     

在东西方之间——涅夫斯基外交及其评价

涅夫斯基对西方政策的重点是同瑞典人、日耳曼人、立陶宛人争夺波罗的海沿岸地区,同时发展同西方的贸易和文化关系,并在这种交往中保持罗斯的独立性。他的东方政策的主要内容是与鞑靼蒙古结盟,其目的是为了巩固自己在罗斯内部的权力地位,以及在同西方的争夺中稳定后方。涅夫斯基的外交是实用主义的,他为了实现自己的核心利益而在东西方同时开展活跃的外交,甚至不惜让罗斯付出高昂的代价、承受巨大的牺牲。     

广东—东盟贸易投资存在的问题与对策研究

本文在全球金融危机的背景下,阐述了加强广东与东盟贸易、投资合作的必要性和迫切性;进而从广东经济结构调整需要的视角,分析了广东与东盟在贸易、投资合作中存在的问题及成因;并据此提出构建广东-东盟贸易投资综合平台的设想,论证构建该平台的基本条件,最后提出促进平台建设的相应政策建议.