The Future of the U.S.–Australian Security Relationship

Abstract

The recent triumph of the Howard government at the polls confirms Australia’s emergence as an increasingly important ally for the United States. It is willing to be part of challenging global missions, and its strong economy and growing self-confidence suggest a more prominent role in both global and regional affairs. Moreover, its government has worked hard to strengthen the link between Canberra and Washington. Political and strategic affinities between the two countries have been reflected in—and complemented by—practiced military interoperability, as the two allies have sustained a pattern of security cooperation in relation to East Timor, Afghanistan, and Iraq in the last five years.

This growing collaboration between the two countries suggests that a reinvention of the traditional bilateral security relationship is taking place. At the core of this process lies an agreement about the need for engaging in more proactive strategic behavior in the changing global security environment, and a mutual acceptance of looming military and technological interdependence. But this new alliance relationship has already tested the boundaries of bipartisan support for security policy within Australia, and will continue to do so despite the latest election results. Issues of strategic doctrine, defense planning, and procurement are becoming topics of fiercer policy debate. Such discussion is likely to be sharpened in the years ahead as Australia’s security relationship with the United States settles into a new framework.     

“Through the inner deserts to Medina.”

General

The Oil Markets of the Pacific Rim into the 1990s. By Paul McDonald. London, Financial Times Business Information, 1990. Pp. 101. £198.00 (£208/US$333 ‐overseas)

The Oriental, the Ancient and the Primitive. By Jack Goody. Cambridge University Press. 1990. Pp. 532. Index. £13.95 Pb.

Albuquerque: Caesar of the East. Selected texts by Albuquerque and his son. Edited with a translation and notes by T. F. Earle &; John Villiers. Warminster, Aris &; Phillips, 1990. Pp. 308. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £12.95.

The Trial of Benazir: An Insight into the Status of Woman in Islam. By Rafiq Zakaria. London. Sangam Books. 1990. Pp. 151. Bibliog. Index. £12.95.

The Babi and Baha'i Religions: From messianic Shi'ism to a world religion. By Peter Smith. Cambridge University Press, 1987, Pp. 243. Illus. Maps. Index. £25.00 Hb.

Central Asia

My Tibet. By H. H. The Dalai Lama. Photographs and introduction by Galen Powell. University of California Press. Pp. 162. Maps. Illus. Index. $35.00.

Japanese Agent in Tibet: My Ten Years of Travel in Disguise. By Hisae Kimura. London, Serindia Publications. 1990. Pp. 224. Index. £14.95

Nomads of Western Tibet: The Survival of a Way of Life. By Melvyn C. Goldstein and Cynthia M. Beall. London, Serindia Publications, 1990. Pp. 192. Illus. Index. £19.95.

Lost World: Tibet By Amaury de Riencourt. London. Honeyglen Publishing. 1990. Pp. 335. Epilogue. Gloss. Index. £13.95.

Tibet, China and India 1914–1950: A History of Imperial Diplomacy. By Alastair Lamb. London, Roxford Books. 1989. Pp. 523. Bibliog. Index. £40.00.

Reflections on Tibetan Culture. By Ed. Lawrence Epstein and Richard F. Sher‐burne. New York, The Edward Mellen Press. 1990. Pp. 350. References. $69.95.

Apples in the Snow. A Journey to Samarkand. By Geoffrey Moorhouse. London, Hodder &; Stoughton, 1990. Pp. 189. £12.95.

South Asia

The Shah Jahan Nama of Inayat Khan. Trans. A. R. Fuller Edited and completed W. E. Bagley and Z. A. Desai. Delhi. OUP. 1990. Pp. 624. Illus. Appendix. Bibliog. Index. £35.00.

The Formation of the Mughal Empire. By Douglas E. Streisand. Oxford University Press, 1990. Pp. 206. Bibliog. Index. £11.95.

Pastoral Deities in Western India. By Gunther‐Dietz Sontheimer. Trans: Anne Feldhaus. O.U.P., 1989. Pp. 278. Bibliog. Index. Maps. £34.00.

Keynes and India. By Anand Chandavarkar. London. Macrhillan. 1989. Pp. 209. Index. Bibliog. £35.00.

Subhas Chandra Bose and Middle Class Radicalism: a Study in Indian Nationalism, 1928–1940. By Bidyut Chakrabarty. London, I.B. Tauris. 1990. Pp. 240. Bibliog. Index. £34.95.

Jawaharlal Nehru: A Biography. By Sarvepalli Gopal. O.U.P. 1990. Pp. 500. Biog. Notes. Glos. Index. £19.50.

India Wins Errors. By Rajmohan Gandhi. Delhi, Sangam Books, 1989. Bibliog. Notes. Index. £10.95.

Politics of Communalism: A Politico‐Historical Analysis of Communal Riots in Post‐Independence India with Special Reference to the Gujarat and Rajasthan Riots. By Zenab Banu, London, Sangham Books, 1989. Pp. 226. Bibliog. Index. £19.95.

Cabinet Government in India. By Madhu Limaye. London, Sangam Books, 1989. Pp. 346. Index. £15.95.

The State of Martial Rule: the origins of Pakistan's political economy of defence. By Ayesha Jalal, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 1990. Pp. 328. Map. Gloss. Bibliog. Index. £30.00.

Nor Iron Bars a Cage. By Penelope Tremayne. London: Fontana Paperbacks, 1990. Pp. 195. £2.50.

South‐East Asia

Growth and Ethnic Inequality: Malaysia's New Economic Policy. By J. Faaland, J. R. Parkinson and Rais Saniman. London, Hurst and Company. 1990. Pp. 347, Map. Bibliog. Index. £35.00.

Margins and Minorities: The Peripheral Areas and Peoples of Malaysia. Edited by V. T. King and M. J. G. Parnwell. Hull University Press. 1990. Pp. 290, Tables. Maps. Figures. Bibliog. Index. £8.90.

A Journey among the peoples of Borneo in word and picture. By H. F. Tillema. Edited and with an introduction by Victor T. King. Oxford University Press. 1989. Pp. 251. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £40.00.

Thailand and the United States: Development, Security and Foreign Aid. By Robert J. Muscat. New York: Columbia University Press. 1990. Pp. 361. Tables. Bibliog. Index: $46.00.

Middle East

Power and Stability in the Middle East. Edited by Berch Berberoglu. London, Zed Books, 1989. Pp. 206. Index. £32.95 Hb, £9.95 Pb.

The Rural Middle East: Peasant Lives and Modes of Production. Edited by Kathy and Pandeli Glavanis. London, Zed Books, 1990. Pp. 215. Index. £29.95 Hb, £9.95 Pb.

Early Islamic Architecture of the Desert: A Bedouin Station in Eastern Jordan. By Svend Helms et al. Edinburgh University Press. 1990. Pp. 188. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £25.00.

Burton: Snow upon the Desert By Frank McLynn. London: John Murray, 1990. Pp. 374. Notes. Index. Plates. £19.95.

Iran ‐ The Crisis of Democracy 1941–53. By Fakhreddin Azimi. London. I. B. Tauris. 1989. Pp. 433. Bibliog. Index. £29.50.

Planning and Power in Iran ‐ Ebtehaj and Economic Development under the Shah. By Frances Bostock and Geoffrey Jones. London. Frank Cass. 1989. Pp. 238. Bibliog. Index. £22.50.

Musaddiq and the Struggle for Power in Iran. By Homa Katouzian. I. B. Tauris. 1990. Pp. 288. Notes. Index. £24.95.

In the Name of God: The Khomeini Decade. By Robin Wright. London, Blooms‐bury, 1990. Pp. 284. Illus. Bibliog. Map. Index. £16.99.

The Politics of Partition: King Abdullah, the Zionists and Palestine 1921–1951. By Avi Shlaim. Oxford University Press, 1990. Pp. 465. Maps. Index. £7.95 Pb.

Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising Against Israeli Occupation. Edited by Zachary Lockman and Joel Beinin. London, I. B. Tauris, 1990. Pp. 423. Appendices. Illus. Notes. £5.95 Pb.

Far East

The Search for Modern China. By Jonathan D. Spence. London, Hutchinson, 1990. Pp. 876. Tables. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Glossary. Index. £19.95.

The Soul of China. By Amaury de Riencourt. London, Honeyglen Publishing, 1989. 2nd rev. edition. Pp. 326. Index. £13.95.

The Invention of Li Yu. By Patrick Hanan. Cambridge, Mass, and London, Harvard University Press, 1988. Pp. 272. Mus., Bibliog., Index. £21.95.

Understanding Peasant China: Case Studies in the Philosophy of Social Science. By Daniel Little. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1989. Pp. 322. Bibliog. Maps. Index. £25.00.

China's Peasants. The Anthropology of a Revolution. By Sulamith Heins Potter and Jack M. Potter. Cambridge University Press, 1990. Pp. 358. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £30.00 Hb.

Agents and Victims in South China: Accomplices in Rural Revolution. By Helen F. Siu, New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1989. Pp. 378. Bibliog. Index. Maps. Photographs. £30.00.

The Geography of Contemporary China. The Impact of Deng Xiaoping's Decade. Ed. Terry Canon and Alan Jenkins. London and New York, Routledge, 1990. Pp. 316. Tables. Bibliog. Index. £35.00 Hb. £14.99 Pb.

Golden Inches. The China Memoir of Grace Service. Ed. by John S. Service. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1989. Pp. 346. Illus. $19.95.

Hong Kong: The Challenge of Transformation. Ed. Kathleen Cheek‐Milby and Miron Mushkat. University of Hong Kong Press, 1989. Pp. 314. HK$150.00.

Constitutional Confrontation in Hong Kong. By Michael C. Davis. Basingstoke, Macmillan Press, 1990. Pp. 219. Index. £35.00.

The Cambridge History of Japan: Volume 3 Medieval Japan. Ed. Kozo Yama‐mura. 1990. Pp. 707. Maps. Tables. Works cited. Gloss. Index. £65.00.

Old Friends New Enemies: The Royal Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Pacific War 1942–1945. By Arthur J. Marder, Mark Jacobsen and John Horsfield. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990. Pp. 621. Plates. Maps. Appendix. Bibliog. Index. £40.00.

The Emergence of Japan's Foreign Aid Power. By Robert M. Orr, Jr. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. Pp. 178. Bibliog. Index.

Nakae Ushikichi: The Mourning of Spirit. By Joshua A. Fogel. London, Harvard University Press, 1989. Pp. 313. Appendix. Notes. Bibliog. Gloss. Index. £18.50.

The British Part in the Korean War Volume I: A Distant Obligation. By General Sir Anthony Farrar‐Hockley. London, HMSO 1990. Pp. 544, Maps. £35.00 Hb.

South Korea and the Socialist Countries: The Politics of Trade. By Dan C. Sanford. London, Macmillan., 1990. Pp. 138. Bibliog. Index. £35.00.

Shorter notices

Animals in four worlds: sculptures from India. By Stella Snead. University Press, Chicago, 1989. Pp. 199. Illus. £31.95.

The Soul of India. By Amaury de Riencourt. Honeyglen Publishing, London. 1990. Pp. 416. Notes. Bibliog. Index. £13.95.

Dance Dialects of India. By Ragini Devi. Delhi. Motilal Banarsidass, 1990. Pp. 234. Illus. Appendices. Gloss. Bibliog. Index. Rs. 6.50.

Curries and Bugles: A cookbook of the British Raj. By Jennifer Brennan. London. Viking. 1990. Pp. 324. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £16.99.

Lahore: the City Within. By Samina Qureshi. Singapore: Concept Media Pte. Ltd. 1988. Pp. 292. Maps. Illus. £40.00.

Travels in Kashmir: A Popular History of its People, Places and Crafts. By Brigid Keenan. Oxford University Press. 1990. Pp. 226. Index. Bibliog. Maps. Illus. £5.99.

Borobudur: Prayer in Stone. By Soekmono, J. G. de Casparis and J. Dumarcay. London. Thames and Hudson. 1990. Pp. 176. Illus. Bibliog. Gloss. £35.00.

Yemen: Invitation to a Voyage in Arabia Felix. By Jacques Hébert. Photographs by Marc Hébert. Montreal, Heritage Publishing, 1989, Pp. 140. Illus. Map. Appendices. C$30.

The Seven Shaikhdoms: Life in the Trucial States before the federation of the United Arab Emirates. By Ronald Codrai. London, Stacey International, 1990. Pp. 174. 170 illustrations. Map. £25.00.     

Committees and deputations in the assemblies of the Dutch republic, 1660–1668. 1

SUMMARY

In this article Henryk Olszewski reviews the main developments of the parliamentary constitution in Poland-Lithuania from the later middle ages to the abortive reform period after 1760. It is argued that at least until the end of the Jagellinian dynasty in 1572, a healthy and viable constitutional tradition had developed, combining an effective kingship with a vigorous gentry democracy. It goes on to argue that the subsequent degeneration of this political system, symbolised by the adoption of the liberum veto in 1652 was not an inevitability but the result of contingency.     

The Lebanese census of 1932 revisited. Who are the Lebanese?

The Lebanese state is analysed as a membership organization where both formal‐legal and political objectives control admission. The 1932 census played a fundamental role in the state‐building process of the Lebanese state: political representation was based on its findings, it was the basis for personal registration of the population residing on Lebanese territories, and it formed one of the cornerstones for obtaining citizenship in the Lebanese state. This article shows that the way the census figures were presented and analysed embodies issues of contest regarding the identity of the Lebanese state and who its members should be. The restrictive citizenship policy practised by the Maronite‐dominated regime until the outbreak of the civil war in 1975 is understood as a means to sustain political domination in an ethnically divided society. Lebanon provides an example of the political sensitivity of demographic figures in polities where fixed proportional representation constitutes the main principle of representative political organization.     

L''''ESSAI SUR LES CAUSES DE LA RUPTURE ENTRE LE P. C. F. ET LE P. S. EN 1977

1972年6月,法国共产党和法国社会党签署了《共同执政纲领》,翻开了法国左派各党联合的新篇章。1977年议会选举,左派联合大有改变右派长期当权的政治格局之势,形势对左派极为有利。然而在向夺取政权迈进之时,法共与社会党在如何实施《共同执政纲领》的问题上发生严重分歧,导致了法国两大左派党的分裂,左翼联盟在议会选举中失利。从表面上看,分歧的焦点在于国有化问题:法共要求大规模国有化,而社会党则反对。但从更深层次上看,国有化规模之大小以及如何管理国有化企业等问题与两党在未来左派政府中的地位及其在工会中的作用和影响息息相关。     

印度尼西亚新任武装部队司令L.B.穆尔达尼

莱奥纳尔杜斯·本尼亚明·穆尔达尼(Leonardus Benyamin Moerdani)一九三二年十月二日生于中爪哇省的炽布,但长在梭罗市。人们一般都叫他本尼·穆尔达尼(Benny Moerdani)。他的父亲R·G·穆尔达尼·索斯罗迪尔佐是铁路局的职员,母亲罗克玛丽娅·杰阿娜是个荷印混血儿,妻子名叫T·哈尔蒂妮,独女丽娅是高中二年级