The US‐South Africa binational commission

A critical look at the role played by South Africa in the initiative.     

Leveraging South–South cooperation for Africa's development

Optimising the development opportunities presented by emerging powers' growing interest in trade, investment and diplomatic engagement in Africa seems a priority for the continent in the context of a changing global system in which power is more diffuse. Taking into account a reconceptualisation of aid effectiveness as development effectiveness, this paper focuses on the manner in which African states understand and approach new opportunities for cooperation with emerging powers, especially China, India and Brazil, including the crucial issue of whether they seek joint development initiatives with both traditional partners and emerging powers. The central argument is that South–South cooperation, which is value-neutral although rhetorically reflecting the principles of solidarity and mutual benefit, must be part of an effective strategy to draw emerging economies into the national or regional development objectives of African states and the continent at large.     

A paper tiger? Political implications of an export‐led growth strategy for South Africa

The paper examines the theoretical and empirical debates surrounding the benefits of an export‐led growth strategy. The experience of two newly industrialised countries are analyzed and discussed in relation to South Africa's political and economic position. The writers attempt to show that an uncritical acceptance of ‘recipes’ for economic development, which do not take into account specific domestic political and economic factors, could lead to inappropriate policy formulation and implementation.     

The BRICS and the South Atlantic: Emerging arena for South–South cooperation

Over the past decade, power dynamics within the South Atlantic region have undergone significant changes. While the area has historically been dominated by North–South ties, both in terms of material flows and with respect to political influence, more recently there has been a surge in cooperation between developing countries within this space. As trade, investment and other forms of exchange and dialogue increase among actors from within the region (notably between South America and Africa) and with states located outside the region, the BRICS countries become more relevant to the South Atlantic. Individually, they have become relevant players in the South Atlantic's economic, political and security dimensions. Collectively, as inter-BRICS flows and political coordination intensify, new configurations of cooperation emerge within the South Atlantic. These initiatives suggest that rising powers are contributing towards making the South Atlantic – long dominated by North–South ties – a space where South–South cooperation and norms predominate.     

South Africa and Eastern Europe: The challenge of multi‐ethnic societies in transition to democracy

This article explores similarities between the South African transition and the advent of liberal‐democratic government in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Challenges these societies have in common are the accommodation of ethnic and racial diversity and whether democracy can protect minorities. The article surveys the process of constitution‐making among the states of Eastern Europe, examining their efforts to reconcile sectional ethnic/cultural rights and universal human rights. These provisions are compared with the mechanisms employed in South Africa's interim constitution with this purpose. In conclusion, it is argued that successful multiethnic democracies develop where some of a number of identifiable characteristics are present.     

Chinese and Japanese development co-operation: South–South,North–South,or what?

This article compares the evolution and characteristics of Chinese and Japanese aid, assessing the impact of their aid policies in sub-Saharan Africa from the 1950s to the present. It argues that China and Japan's aid programmes share more similarities than dissimilarities. Both pursue aid strategies that spread allocations across a region rather than concentrating upon specific countries. The article seeks to clarify the following questions. In what way are Chinese and Japanese aid strategies different from each other and Western donors? Should their aid be seen as a form of South–South co-operation that provides an alternative to the West's hegemony in Africa? Or is aid from these donors simply another strategy to control African resources and state elites in the guise of a partnership of equals?     

SA‐EU‐chile: Pioneers in north‐south relations

A look at the many plans, processes, agreements and disagreements that have led the Congo to its current transition phase.     

From Bandung to Brasilia: IBSA and the political lineage of South–South cooperation

This article aims to trace South–South cooperation political lineages connecting the Non-Aligned Movement and the IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) Forum. In order to determine whether IBSA could be considered the ‘heir’ to Bandung's principles, we analyse the concepts of ‘Third World’ and ‘Global South’ as well as their current applicability, the interpretations provided by existing literature on the IBSA grouping, and its member countries' shared views on different issues of the international agenda. The article also considers the historical evolution of ‘Southern’ diplomatic thought and actions. IBSA's actions and history, as well as its members, are studied to grasp how they are related to the Third World movement in the Cold War.     

Brazil and South Africa: the ‘odd couple’ of the South Atlantic?

Exploring the complexity of South Africa's and Brazil's ‘like-mindedness’ at the regional, multilateral, and bilateral levels, this article argues that shared middle power roles traceable to the pre-Cold War era and beyond set the scene for a great deal of political complementarity and cooperation at the multilateral level where Brazil and South Africa's shared identities drive an interest in reforming global governance processes. This complementarity does not, however, always spill over to the bilateral level, where trans-societal linkages are still relatively limited compared with state-to-state interactions.     

Should South Korea go Nuclear?

A nuclear debate has arisen in South Korea following North Korea's nuclear tests and weapons program. Despite the US extended nuclear deterrence for its security, a sizable section of the people in South Korea have started debating if their country can revisit the nuclear option as a deterrent to North Korea's continued threats. Several law makers have started articulating such a view. Several opinion polls held recently also endorse such a view. However, the US is unlikely to allow South Korea to take the nuclear path as it would have serious consequences not only for the region but also the world. China would also not rejoice with the prospect of having another nuclear power in its neighborhood. If South Korea goes nuclear, Japan and Taiwan will find it difficult to resist having their own nuclear weapons. To stem such a trend, it becomes all the more necessary for the international community to address the issue of denuclearizing North Korea. The suspended Six-Party-Talks ought to restart soon and China has a great role in reigning in Pyongyang. Fortunately, the government in South Korea has not supported the view of the country going nuclear. But if the security situation deteriorates further, it might become irresistible for the government to have a rethink, with an inevitable domino effect in Japan and Taiwan soon.

This article makes an in-depth study of the prevailing trend in South Korea, the views of some influential law makers pleading for the country to go nuclear, various public opinions polls, possible US stance and implications that such a change in policy would have on the region's security situation and the author's assessment based on the critical examination of the above-mentioned factors. Many sources have been cited to analyze this issue before arriving at an objective assessment of the point raised in this essay.     

Impressions of Indo‐China

The Mizan Newsletter. Issued monthly by the Central Asian Research Centre and St. Antony's College, Oxford. Price Ios. per month, or £6 per annum post free.

Official Histories of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War, 1939–45. Historical Section, India and Pakistan. Distributors, Orient Longmans.

Expansion of the Armed Forces and Defence Organization. Pp. 397. 15 charts and graphs; appendices and index. 45s.

Campaign in Western Asia. Pp. 461. 37 maps; plates, appendices and index. 45s.

Reconquest of Burma. Vol. I. Pp. 403. 36 maps and charts; appendices and index. 50s.

The North African Campaign, 1940–43. Pp. 515. 43 maps; plates, appendices and index. 50s.

The Origins of Russia. By George Vernadsky. Oxford, at the Clarendon Press. 1959. 8vo, cloth, pp. xi, 354, 3 figs.

Bibliography of Recent Soviet Source Material on Soviet Central Asia and the Borderlands.

Die Mongolei. Land, Volk und Wirtschaft der Mongolischen Volksrepublik. By Erich Thiel. Isar Verlag Munchen (German). Pp. 495. Ill., maps.

My Golden Road from Samarkand. By Jascha Golowanjuk. Translated by Frances Hogarth‐Gaute. Published by Geo. G. Harrap and Co., Ltd. Pp. 215. 18s.

Egypt in Transition. By Jean and Simonne Lacouture. Methuen and Co., Ltd. 532 pp. Illustrated, index. 35s.

Egypt in the Sudan, 1820–81. By Richard Hill. Issued under the auspices of Chatham House. Published by Oxford University Press. 1959. Pp. 188. Index; map; bibliography. 25s. in U.K.

The English Utilitarians and India. By Eric Stokes. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Pp.350. 45s.

India, Pakistan and the West. The Home University Library of Modern Knowledge. Oxford University Press. 1958. Pp. 242. Index. 7s. 6d.

The Oxford History of India. By the late Vincent A. Smith, C.I.E. Third edition, edited by Percival Spear. Oxford University Press. 1958. Pp. 849. Index; maps; illustrations. 42s.

Malaya. A Political and Economic Appraisal. By Lennox A. Mills. Oxford University Press. Pp. 234. Index. 30s.

Aden. By Sir Tom Hickinbotham. Constable. 1958. Pp. xii + 242. 13 plates; 1 map. Index. Price 21s.

The Near East. By William Yale. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1958. Pp. 486 + xix.

Major Governments of Asia. Edited by George McT. Kahin. Published by Cornell University Press (Oxford University Press, London), 1958. Pp. 607. Index, maps, bibliographies. 45s.

Himmelstier und Gletscherlowe. Mythen, Sagen und Fabcln aus Tibet. In langjährigen völkerkundlichen Forschung unter den Amdo‐Tibetern aufgenom‐men von Prof. Dr. Matthias Hermanns, S.V.D., Bombay. “Das Gesicht der Völker,” der zentralasiatiske Kulturkreis, tibetische Dichtung. Im Erich Röth‐Verlag, Kassel, 1955. Pp. 260, with one frontispiece illustration, two maps and six artistic initials. DM. 4.80.

Amiran‐Darejaniani: A Cycle of Mediæval Georgian Tales ascribed to Mose Khoneli, translated by R. H. Stevenson. Clarendon Press: Oxford University Press. 1958. 8vo, cloth, pp. xxxiii, 240.

The Rebel Emperor. By Lady Flavia Anderson. Published by Gollancz. Pp. 356. Index; biblio. 25s.

Mountains and a Monastery. By Peter Holmes. Published by Geoffrey Bles, Ltd. Pp. 191. Ill.; index. 21s.

Gateway to the Khyber. By Robin Bryans. Robert Hale. 1959. 8¾” × 5¾”. Pp. 173. Ill., index. 18s.

Preface to Cairo. A Survey of pre‐Cairo in history and legend. By Kenneth P. Kirkwood. Mutual Press Ltd., Ottawa.     

The North‐West frontier province and trans‐border country under the new constitution

Indian subcontinent

The Viceroy at Bay: Lord Linlithgow in India. By John Glendevon. London, Collins, 1971. Pp. 288. Illus. Index. £2.50.

The Transfer of Power: Constitutional Relations between Britain and India. Vol. I: The Cripps Mission, January‐April 1942. Edited by Nicholas Mansergh and E. W. R. Lumby. London, HMSO, 1970. Pp. 928. Illus. Map. Index. £7.00.

The Indian Army: Its contribution to the development of a nation. By Stephen Cohen. Los Angeles and London, University of California Press, 1971. £2.85.

The Politics of Nepal. By Leo E. Rose and Margaret W. Fisher. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press, 1970. Pp. 197. Map. Index. £3.80.

General

Nationalism in Asia and Africa. Edited with an Introduction by Elie Kedourie, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971. Pp. 573. Index. £3.00.

Religion and Change in Contemporary Asia. Ed. Robert F. Spencer. London, OUP for Minnesota University Press, 1971. Pp. 172. Map. Index. £3.15.

The Ruler's Imperative. By W. Howard Wriggins. Columbia University Press, 1969. Pp.275. £4.50

Middle East

Peace in the Holy Land: An Historical Analysis of the Palestine Problem. By John Bagot Glubb. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1971. Pp. 384. Maps. Genealogical trees. Bibliog. Index. £3.15.

The Trucial States. By Donald Hawley. London, Allen and Unwin, 1970. Pp. 380. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £4.25.

The Wind of Morning. By Sir Hugh Boustead. London, Chatto and Windus, 1971. Pp. 240. £2.80.

Islam: a Way of Life. By Philip K. Hitti. University of MinnesotaPress, (London, OUP) 1970. Pp. 183. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £2.25.

John Company's Last War. By Barbara English. London, Collins, 1971. Pp. 192. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £2.10.

Southeast Asia

North Vietnam and the Pathet Lao: Partners in the Struggle for Laos. By Paul F. Langer and Joseph J. Zaslof. Harvard University Press; London, OUP, 1971. Pp. 262. Bibliog. Index. £2.90.

In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History. By David Joel Steinberg (editor), David K. Wyatt, John R. W. Smail, Alexander Woodside, William R. Roff, David P. Chandler. London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. Pp. 522. Maps. Glossary. Bibliog. Index. £4.50.

Burma: A Profile. By Norma Brixler. London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. Pp. 244. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. £3.50.

China

The Security of China. By Arthur Huck. London, Chatto and Windus. Pp. 93. Maps. 60p.

China's Cultural Revolution. By Gargi Dutt and V. P. Dutt. London, Asia Publishing House, 1970. Pp. 260. Index. £3.25.

Education in Communist China. By R. F. Price. London, Routledge, 1970. Pp. 308. Maps. Bibliog. Glossary. Index. £3.00.

Psychological Research in Communist China, 1949–1966. By Robert and Ai‐li Chin. Cambridge, Mass., and London, MIT Press, 1970. Pp. 274. Glossary. Bibliog. Index. £2.65.

Education and Communism in China. Edited by Stewart Fraser. N.Y. and London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. £2.75.

China's Cultural Legacy and Communism. Edited by Ralph C. Croizier. London, Pall Mall Press, 1970. Pp. 313. £3.50.

Modern Chinese Stories. Selected and edited by W. J. F. Jenner. London, Oxford University Press, 1970. Pp. 271. 60p.

The Gate of Darkness: Studies on the Leftist Literary Movement in China. By Tai‐an Hsia. Seattle and London, University of Washington Press. Pp. 266. Index. £3.77.

Contemporary Chinese Law: Research Problems and Perspectives. Edited by Jerome Alan Cohen. Harvard UP; London, OUP, 1971. Pp. 380. Bibliog. Index. £4.75.

Industrial Development in Pre‐Communist China. A quantitative analysis. By John K. Chang. Edinburgh University Press, 1970. Pp. ix + 147. £2.50.

The Chinese Economy under Communism. By Nai‐ruenn Chen and Walter Galenson. Edinburgh University Press, 1970. Pp. 250. £3.00.

Mao Papers: Anthology and Bibliography. Edited by Jerome Ch'en. Oxford University Press, 1970. Pp. xxxiii+221. £2.75.

The United States and China: The Next Decade. Edited by A. Doak Barnett and Edwin O. Reischauer. The National Committee on United States‐China Relations. Pall Mall Press, London. Pp. 249. £3.25.

The Extraterritorial System in China: Final Phase. By John Carter Vincent. Harvard University Press, 1970. Pp. 119. Index. £1.70.

British Policy in China (1895–1902). By L. K. Young. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1970. Pp. 356. Bibliog. Index. Maps. £3.50.

Taikoo. By Charles Drage. London, Constable, 1970. Pp. xl + 280. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. Appendices. Index. £2.25.

The Origins of Statecraft in China. Volume 1: The Western Chou Empire. By H. G. Creel. Chicago and London, University of Chicago Press, 1970. Pp. ix + 559. £7.80.

Far East

Mongolia, A Profile. By Victor P. Petrov. London, Pall Mall Press, 1970. Pp. 179. Bibliog. Maps. Index. £3.25.

Area Handbook for North Korea. By Rinn‐Sup Shinn and others. Washington, US Government Printing Office, 1969. Pp. xvi + 481. $3.75.

Taiwan: Studies in Chinese Local History. By Leonard H. Gordon. New York and London, Columbia University Press, 1970. Pp. 124. Glossary. Index. £1.60.

Learning to be Chinese: The Political Socialization of Children in Taiwan. By Richard W. Wilson. Cambridge, Mass., and London, MIT Press, 1970. Pp. 203. Bibliog. Index. £4.65.

The Philippines: Industrialization and Trade Policies. By John H. Power and Gerardo P. Sicat. Taiwan: Industrialization and Trade Policies. By Mo‐huan Hsing. London, OUP, for OECD Paris, 1971. Pp. 324. Indexes. £4.00.

Personality in Japanese History. Edited by Albert M. Craig and Donald H. Shively. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1971. Pp. 481. £4.75.

A Collection of Stories from Uji: A Study Translation of the Uji Shūi Mono‐gatari. By D. E. Mills. Cambridge University Press, 1970. Pp. 459. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £3.50.

Archaeology

Southern Arabia. By Brian Doe. London, Thames and Hudson, 1971. Pp. 267. Map. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £4.20.

Looking for Dilmun. By Geoffrey Bibby. London, Collins, 1970. Pp. lx + 383. Maps. Illus. Index. £3.15.

Frozen Tombs of Siberia: The Pazyryk Burials of Iron‐Age Horsemen. By Sergei I. Rudenko, translated and edited by M. W. Thompson. London, Dent, 1970. Pp. xxxvi + 340. Illustrated. Bibliog. Index. £12.60.     

The EU–South Africa Strategic Partnership: From bilateral to multilateral forums and the strategic value for South Africa

ABSTRACT

Strategic partnerships are seen as a means of elevating bilateral relations between two countries, or in the case of the European Union (EU), relations between an intergovernmental organisation and its 10 identified strategic partners. There is a growing body of analysis on the value of these strategic partnerships for the two partner states, yet just what role this partnership has within wider multilateral forums is an area for further discussion. This article explores the role that the EU–South Africa Strategic Partnership plays in shaping engagement between the bilateral partners in multilateral contexts. In reviewing the partnership over the course of its first decade, the article argues that South Africa has increasingly acknowledged its potential value. However, further interrogation on how to manage the complex intersection between bilateral and multilateral relations is called for if the strategic partnership is to be used to optimal effect as a tool of foreign policy.     

Breaking with tradition? South Africa–UK relations

Just over twenty years into its new era of democracy, South African foreign policy appears to be undergoing important changes in orientation and global positioning. Indeed, post-apartheid South African foreign policy has been steadily shifting away from a preoccupation with more traditional partnerships to developing alliances and coalitions with emerging economies and actors seeking to reform the global governance order. The paper seeks to understand the implications of this shift for South Africa's relationship with its most pivotal and enduring traditional ‘partner' – the United Kingdom. Thus, the paper proposes that this relationship can be best understood by considering it on different and at least partially contradictory levels, reflecting South Africa's own ambiguous identity as an emerging middle power.     

Decolonising Universities in South Africa: Rigged Spaces?

This article provides a broad overview of the necessity for and challenges of decolonising universities in South Africa. It situates the student protests for the decolonisation of knowledge within the debates on the African Higher Education landscape, the ideology of Pan-Africanism, and calls for an African Renaissance. The article highlights the context in which the Fallist Movement emerged in South Africa and the demands it articulated. This article questions whether or not the decolonisation of knowledge, and the broader university system, can truly materialise, given the inherent nature and functioning of these institutions and the current practices of decolonising universities. The article argues that to date the decolonisation of universities has largely been ad-hoc, performative, and technical, rather than the sustainable and substantive transformative processes that should be at the heart of any decolonisation project. Furthermore, the article asserts that the universities that we are trying to decolonise are rigged spaces as they have been fashioned in the image of western universities and align with their norms, values, and epistemologies. To break this foundational epistemological and cultural bedrock requires a complete overhaul of the structure, ideology, and functioning of the universities. Without major shifts in the power relations, orientation and forms of knowledge production at these universities, there can be no decolonisation.     

The South in Sudanese politics, 1946–1956

Islam and Democracy by John L. Esposito and John O. Voll. New York Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1996. Pp.232, index and bibliography. £16.99 (paper).

The Merchant Republic of Lebanon: Rise of an Open Economy by Carolyn L. Gates. London: I.B. Tauris, 1998. Pp. xvi + 248, bibliography, index. £39.50.

The Political Economy of Market Reform in Jordan by Timothy J. Piro. Lanham, Maryland and Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998. Pp. xvi + 131, bibliography, index. $54.00 (cloth); $19.95 (paper).

Sephardi and Middle Eastern Jewries. History and Culture in the Modern Era by Harvey E. Goldberg (ed.). Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. Pp. xv + 346. £31.50 (cloth); £14.99 (paper).

Memoirs of Baghdad, Kurdistan and Turkish Arabia, 1857: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, No.XLIII. — New Series by Cdr. James Felix Jones, I.N. Slough: Archive Editions, 1998. Pp.xlvii + 504. £595.

Secularization of Iran: a Doomed Failure? by Azadi Kian‐Thiébaut. Paris: Peeters, 1998. Pp. 296, bibliography, index.

Partner to Partition: The Jewish Agency's Partition Plan in the Mandate Era by Yossi Katz. London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 1998. Pp. xii + 209, bibliography, index. £35.00 (cloth); £17.50 (paper).

Between Jerusalem and Hebron: Jewish Settlement in the Pre‐State Period by Yossi Katz. Ramat‐Gan: Bar‐Ilan University Press, 1998. Pp. 295, bibliography, index.

Heirs of the Greek Catastrophe: The Social Life of Asia Minor Refugees in Piraeus by R. Hirschon. Oxford: Berghan, 1998 (first published 1989). £14.95 (paper).     

South African–Swaziland relations: A constructivist reading

There are several accounts of the past relations between Swaziland and South Africa. Some are set in the realist school of international relations scholarship. These studies portray Swaziland's policy behaviour as ‘submissive’ because of ‘immutable structural forces’. The neo-Marxian analyses locate the relations exclusively in class/ideological setting. Other accounts depict the ‘kaleidoscopic’ nature of the relations. The post-apartheid understanding of this relationship is largely gleaned from regional studies – the dominant view of which is that South Africa is reluctant to exercise hegemony in its relations with regional states. This article critiques the one-directional thrust of the realist and Marxian accounts. While endorsing multidirectional and multidimensional accounts of policy behaviour, the article shows that they lack an over-arching theoretical framework. A similar charge is directed at the post-apartheid literature. The position of this article is that constructivism offers analytical tools needed to understand the relations between the two states and how South Africa can reorder them.     

Post‐war Iraq: an assessment

Sir Terence Clark is a Council Member of the Society. He retired from the Diplomatic Service after a distinguished career spent mainly in the Middle East, where he was Ambassador to Iraq and Oman. He is the author of many articles in specialist journals and co‐author of Oman in Time (2001). On 18 June 2003, Sir Terence, together with Sir Harold Walker, Chairman of the Society, spoke to the Society about the situation in Iraq as it then appeared. The following is an edited and updated version of Sir Terence's talk.     

Challenges of the pan‐African parliament

It must be enabled to receive representation by individuals and associations whose interests have been affected by international or continental public policies or practices. In turn, it must be able to intervene decisively to protect rights in member states. By doing this, the parliament can deepen its credibility and relevance to African peoples struggling with poverty and injustice across the continent.