习近平人类命运共同体思想的内容、价值与作用

人类命运共同体思想是以习近平同志为核心的党中央对马克思主义和中国外交思想的重大理论创新。人类命运共同体思想属于国际关系理论中的时代问题研究范畴,属于国际社会整体观和前景方向观的问题。习近平主席的人类命运共同体思想和全球治理联系在一起,对现实世界的实践有重大指导意义。     

马克思社会共同体思想及其发展

马克思恩格斯人类社会共同体思想,是唯物史观的重要内容。中国共产党提出的人类命运共同体理念,是对马克思恩格斯社会共同体思想的创造性运用和发展。毛泽东、邓小平为提出人类命运共同体奠定了深刻的思想基础;江泽民深入阐发和实践建立国际秩序的新理论;胡锦涛提出建设和谐世界和人类命运共同体的重要理念。党的十八大以来,习近平立足中国而又面向世界,根据马克思恩格斯关于人类社会共同体的思想,在党的几代领导人的思想理论的基础上,把马克思主义基本原理同中国国情和时代特征结合起来,在研究新情况、解决新问题的过程中进行理论和实践探索,对打造人类命运共同体作出新的阐发,把建立国际新秩序的认识提高到了新境界和新水平,是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要成果。     

习近平人类命运共同体思想对中华“和”文化的继承与创新

习近平人类命运共同体思想体现了中华优秀传统文化的精髓,是中华优秀传统文化与马克思主义理论相结合的当代典范。人类命运共同体思想对中华"和"文化的继承与创新主要体现在:向世界阐释了中华"和"文化的理念;将中华"和"文化视为维护国际关系的准则;用中华"和"文化化解人类面临的共同难题;依靠中华"和"文化维护世界文明的多样性。构建人类命运共同体是中华"和"文化理念走出去的重要途径,它增强了中华文化的软实力,提升了中国国际影响力和国际话语权,为解决复杂多变的国际问题提供了中国智慧和中国方案。     

“人类命运共同体”建设与国际秩序转型——以“实践主义”为分析视角

"人类命运共同体"是全球治理的中国方案,它反映了崛起中国的国际秩序观,这个秩序的核心思想是共同安全、合作共赢与和而不同。"人类命运共同体"建设在行动上突出了"对话协商"、"共建共享"这一强调国家能动性、强调实践本体的手段。"人类命运共同体"是马克思主义哲学"实践主义"在国际关系中的体现,在理论和实践上破解了现有秩序的静态结构主义、表象的偏见和二元对立的世界观等特征。     

构建人类命运共同体的政党责任:理论探析与中国实践北大核心

构建人类命运共同体语境下的政党责任,包含意识形态责任、政治责任和治理责任,三个维度贯通政党国内责任和国际责任。政党作为推动人类文明进步的重要力量,与构建人类命运共同体存在多重逻辑耦合关系,但也存在多方面的逻辑困境。中国共产党作为构建人类命运共同体的倡导者实践者,其国际引领责任在意识形态、政治、治理三个维度得以充分彰显,并进一步延伸和体现为“程序性责任”,在多层次、多环节展开。中国共产党担当构建人类命运共同体的引领责任,需要把握好责任义务与权力利益、政党责任与国家(政府)责任、国内责任与国际责任、引领责任与共同责任等关系,秉持公平正义,发扬斗争精神,加强同发展中国家和左翼政党交流合作,把推动构建人类命运共同体与促进国际共产主义运动结合起来,增强中国共产党执政的国际政治合法性。     

提升人类命运共同体国际话语权的机遇、困境及策略

人类命运共同体国际话语权建设是向世界阐述中国道路的必然要求,是加强中国国际传播能力建设和向外部展示真实、立体和全面中国的内在需要。当前,我国人类命运共同体国际话语权建设面临着机遇：理论维度,真理性和道义性的统一增强了人类命运共同体话语主动;实践维度,实力增长和世界贡献相呼应提升了人类命运共同体话语底气。同时,人类命运共同体的话语意涵彰显存在现实困境：协同发声不足以至话语聚合力分化;学理阐释滞后以至话语说服力弱化;呈现方式单调以至话语感召力钝化;信息技术劣势以至话语辐射力窄化。为此,需要从话语底气、话语主体、话语内容、话语形式及话语传播等方面综合施策,统筹推进,探索提升人类命运共同体国际话语权的实践路径。     

马克思主义空间理论的中国叙述:基于人类命运共同体思想的考察

空间是运动着的一切物质存在的形式之一。空间既指地理上的区位,更指人类实践构建的社会关系。依据生产方式的历史变迁,马克思主义空间理论解析了空间社会化的现象。正是沿着这一思想线索,结合人类社会发展的实际,习近平提出推动构建人类命运共同体。从空间视角而言,其内涵在于重构人类空间关系,推动构建"持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽"的世界。"一带一路"倡议为构建人类命运共同体提供了实践基础和中国方案。在理论与实践双重维度上,人类命运共同体创新与发展了马克思主义空间理论。     

国内学界关于人类命运共同体思想研究述评

"人类命运共同体"被提出以来,国内学界主要从内涵、形成与发展、历史定位及其实践路径等方面对其展开热烈讨论,取得丰硕成果的同时也存在诸如概念不清、研究视角较狭窄、形而上学和"二元对立"思维较突出等问题。对此,学界应厘清"共同体"概念的演变过程,注重运用马克思主义矛盾分析法认识"人类命运共同体"的形成和发展,注重运用比较视野认识"人类命运共同体"的实践与落实,注重在全球化背景下认识"人类命运共同体"可能带来的全球性和地方性矛盾问题。     

构建“人类命运共同体”需要处理好的几对关系

共同利益、共同价值、国际权力等是人类命运共同体的重要构成要素,审慎处理好其间错综复杂的关系将有助于顺利、有效地推进人类命运共同体建设。这些重要关系主要包括以下三个方面:一是人类命运共同体的共同利益与主权国家的核心利益之间的关系;二是人类命运共同体与人类共同价值的关系;三是国际权力扩散和东移态势下人类命运共同体中社会主义与资本主义之间的关系。     

“人的本质”与“人类命运共同体”

"人类命运共同体"作为一种新的国际发展观,是以习近平同志为核心的党中央面对世界问题提出的"中国方案",是马克思主义哲学的重要议题。"人类命运共同体"的思想基础源于马克思对人的本质理论的层层揭示,其中"人的本质是人的真正的共同体"思想,深刻地体现了"人类命运共同体"的价值意义。实现"人类命运共同体",需要在个体和共同体之间保持张力;需要破除抽象力量的支配。     

The Human Rights Dimension in Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

A Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is China's proposition to establish a fair and equitable international order. Just as in any other community, a Community with a Shared Future needs common values to bring its members together. To build a new model of relations featuring win-win cooperation, a Community with a Shared Future should attach great importance to the overall interests of mankind and consider the protection of human dignity and human rights as the highest purpose and objective, ensuring that inevitably, human rights become its common values. On the other hand, to build a Community with a Shared Future, we should reconstruct the concept and system of human rights from the perspective of developing countries, instead of from the perspective of Western powers.     

Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind to Human Rights Theory

The concept named "a community with a shared future for mankind" has important implications for the theory and practice of human rights. From the perspective of specific human rights, the idea of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind implies recognizing the right to peace of mankind, advocates the mode of economic cooperation and development, and acts as a guide for building an eco-friendly world, rejecting hegemony, and promoting cultural diversity. Therefore, a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind plays an important supporting role in establishing the legitimacy of specific rights. Meanwhile, in view of the scarcity of human resources, it is impossible for all kinds of rights to be protected to the same degree. Human rights need to be systematically constructed in theory and practice, and also require the formation of a well-functioning platform for their protection. As a guideline, the notion of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is conducive to the establishment of such a system.     

The “Transcendental” Interpretation of the Concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Its Implementation in China

The concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind provides new theoretical support for the special protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is innovative in terms of its purposes and principles, logic and technology, and the actual implementation of the contracting parties, which is unique in the field of international human rights law. It is a "transcendental" interpretation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and enhances the ethical values of international human rights law. The development of the cause of persons with disabilities in China is positively influenced by the values reflected in the concept of a community of shared Future for mankind and meanwhile highlights them, which provides "Chinese experiences" for the international cause of persons with disabilities.     

From the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings——The Past,Present, and Future of International Human Rights Protection

The UN Charter first of all affirmed the basic concept of international protection of human rights and opened up a broad space for international protection of human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an important document in the development of the international human rights cause. It established a set of international standards for basic human rights, represents the world's most important consensus on human rights, and contributes greatly to the creation of an international human rights legal system. The important theory put forward by President Xi Jinping to build a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings, as a Chinese program for today s global major issues, also outlines a new blueprint for national human rights protection and will play a major role in promoting the development of China's human rights and international human rights protection.     

The Logic of Change of the CPC's Human Rights Discourse Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China70 years ago,the human rights discourse of the Communist Party of China has been constantly updated.In the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China,the CPC spontaneously formed a collective discourse on human rights with the right to subsistence and self-determination as its core;in the 1980 s,in the process of reflection and refutation,the CPC paid more attention to individual rights,and gradually increased the sense of a human rights discourse with Chinese characteristics;since the 1990s,the CPC has combined the specific national conditions and the international environment to form a human rights discourse.The system of human rights discourse has been constructed in terms of the order of priority of human rights protection,path of human rights development,relationship between human rights and sovereignty,and development of the world human rights cause.Since the 18~(th) National Congress of the CPC,the CPC has put forward the idea that "living a happy life is the primary human right" at home and the idea of building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings for the world,and the discourse system of human rights with Chinese characteristics has gradually been improved.The independent variable of the change of human rights discourse of the CPC is the specific national conditions at different stages and the recognition of national identity formed on this basis.The other variable is the international environment and external relations that China is facing.     

Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings: New Opportunity for South-South Human Rights Development Overview of the First South-South Human Rights Forum

From December 7 to December 8, 2017, the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly organized the first South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing. With the topic of "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings: New Opportunity for South-South Human Rights Development," participants conducted in-depth discussions on topics including "global human rights governance", "inclusive development and South-South human rights cooperation", "China and the SouthSouth cooperation", "right to education for the countries of the Global South" and "poverty reduction, right to food and right to health", which achieved great consensuses and yielded results. This Forum was the first time that countries of the Global South have jointly discussed human rights issues.     

Overview of the Symposium on Human Rights Cause in China in the New Era

The symposium on the "Progress of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China" was jointly hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Guangdong Provincial Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and organized by Guangzhou University Institute for Human Rights in Guangzhou on 19 December 2017. Scholars and experts from more than 20 universities and institutes, as well as delegates from over 10 ministries and commissions under the State Council participated in the symposium. The symposium explored four themes: "Human Rights Connotations in Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era", "The Progress of Human Rights Development in China after the 18 th National Congress of the CPC", "The Prospective of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China", as well as "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and the Progress of the Human Rights Development of the World". This Paper is a record of the important opinions articulated during the Symposium.     

全球化与海外统一战线

经济全球化、政治多极化、文化多元化已成为当今国际形势发展的重要趋势 ,以台湾、香港、澳门和海外华侨华人为对象 ,以振兴中华和祖国统一为目标的海外统一战线面临着挑战 ,如何应对挑战已成为海外统战工作和理论研究的重大课题。     

A Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings in the Vision of Modernization of Global Governance: China's Expression and Practice

The human rights cause in the world still faces structural challenges and crises, the factor of which including scarcity of living material resources, global environmental crisis and global terrorism. However, the existing global governance model and governance pattern have made it difficult to deal effectively with the above structural challenges and crises facing the development of human rights in the world. Therefore, it's necessary to advance and modernize global governance. In order to realize these ends, the Chinese government presents the ideal of a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings as the modernization of global governance and the Belt and Road Initiative as the proper project for this process of modernization. It calls on all countries to work hand in hand and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind so as to realize the modernization of global governance and hence the comprehensive development of human beings.     

国际秩序辨析

国际秩序是国际政治的一个重要范畴,建立国际新秩序是中国国际战略的一个基本目标。在国际秩序的研究中,国际秩序的概念、构成要素、制约因素、性质判断等,仍是一些有待辨析和澄清的理论问题。