人类命运共同体视阈下全球性治理共同体问题研究

人类命运共同体视阈的开启把人类本质性的全球性治理能力吁求清晰地勾勒出来了。人类基于全球性问题的对象化与危机性的反思所策划的全球性善治前景,在全球性复合性公共治域结构情形下,并在民族国家制度与体制分立下的治理结构的二元对峙之张力中要求全球性治理共同体的出场,而基于国际权力结构重组、全球性制度责任错位、全球性治理主体缺位、全球性治理政策失灵与全球性治理理念的诸神纷争等症候而规划的全球性治理共同体的基本路径,就成为治理性共同体与我们得以谋面的基本主张而共同指向人类命运共同体所要求的人的类本质绽放这一向度。     

论人类命运共同体的价值主体结构、哲学建构方法及其意义

人类命运共同体的价值主体显然是人类。因而人类命运共同体理念的提出意味着在"中国梦"之民族国家价值主体关怀前提下,对价值主体人类形态的认同和高扬,是价值主体结构的进一步完善化。中华传统文化悠久高远的"天下主义"人文理念和西方近代以来政治哲学所强调的"命运"旨趣,是理解和构建人类命运共同体的一般方法论资源,前者构成构建人类命运共同体的范导性原则,后者构成构建人类命运共同体的建构性原则,二者结合起来则为"奉天承运"。在中国从世界边缘走向世界中心的情势下,中国特色社会主义核心价值观可以包含、代表、引领人类共同价值,提升和拓展人类共同价值。     

"命运共同体"视阈下的对外传播

人类命运共同体理念对人类社会发展的重要意义不言而喻。数字化时代,这一理念正在以自身逻辑形塑着政治、经济、文化等方方面面,重构着新的"部落化"现实与未来。在人类命运共同体视阈下,分歧与共识在数字时代传播的每一次对话中呈现出来。在对外传播实践中,主动讲好自身故事并积极聆听他者诉求,才能感知到人类命运共同体的深刻内涵,不同成员既应分享共同的利益,也要尊重不同的文明,以传播为桥梁实现有机联结,达成行动的协调,为人类命运共同体创造无限生机与未来。     

人类命运共同体理念与全球人权治理初探

人类命运共同体理念是习近平总书记面对全球化时代共同难题所提出的中国方案。作为中国参与全球治理的庄严承诺和独特贡献,人类命运共同体理念的提出将全面促进国际人权价值、国际人权理论、国际人权规范以及国际人权合作的新发展。新时代中国应顺势而为,在人类命运共同体理念的指导下,充分利用联合国人权机制,形成国际人权对话合作机制,构建中国特色社会主义人权话语体系,深度参与全球人权治理,讲好中国人权故事,切实提高国家软实力。     

"人类优先":构建人类命运共同体的"价值共识"

"人类优先"理念对于增进全球治理的"价值共识"具有启发意义,是"人类命运共同体"思想的丰富和拓展。以"人类优先"理念推进人类命运共同体建设,符合人类社会发展规律,符合世界各国人民的根本利益和共同利益。因此,要以"人类优先"理念为引领,增强文化、交流、人才基础,开启人类命运共同体建设的美好愿景。     

从民族精神共同体到人类命运共同体———“一带一路”与中国特色的全球治理价值

人类命运共同体是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的创新性概念和重要组成部分,为全球治理提供了中国价值。“一带一路”的经贸合作倡议践行了这一理念。新时代中国特色社会主义思想中的人类命运共同体概念,所包涵的全球治理价值及逻辑包括：中国哲学与政治文化中“推己及人”“己欲达则达人”的传统;坚持社会主义制度、改革开放、推进国家治理能力和治理体系现代化,实现各民族共同繁荣发展———作为中国道路与智慧,提升了中国的软实力;中国新时代的共同体精神与软实力体现为自信、包容、开放、平等、团结、以人民为中心、以发展促团结,其对内为民族精神共同体,对外表现为倡导人类命运共同体价值;从民族精神共同体到人类命运共同体,中国主张尊重他国文化与政治制度、平等正义、互惠互利、协同发展,实现相关国家共赢的国际经贸合作、文化交流准则和全球治理价值。依托“一带一路”,中国特色的全球治理价值将对全球治理产生重大的推动意义。     

论构建人类命运共同体价值理念的三个“统一”

在党的十九大报告中,"推动构建人类命运共同体"被正式列为一项重要基本方略并得到了详细阐发。推动构建人类命运共同体彰显了具有中国内核的人类共同价值理念,是中国在精神层面对世界做出的重大贡献。它的提出顺应了时代潮流,反映了人类的共同需求和利益,对人类文明未来发展趋势具有重大的导向作用,体现了时代性与前瞻性的统一;既牢牢根植于打造人类命运共同体的伟大实践当中,又展示了中国主动参与推动世界文明发展的文化软实力,体现了实践性与理念性的统一;既澄清了价值与价值判断的差别,尊重了人类文明的多样性、包容性,又强调了不同文明间要平等互鉴、共同发展,体现了包容性与共生性的统一。     

能源命运共同体： 全球能源治理的中国方案

在世界格局发生深刻变革的背景下，中国领导人基于对世界大势的准确判断， 提出了构建人类命运共同体理念， 为解决全球问题， 促进人类共同发展提供了 “中国方案 ＂。构建能源命运共同体不仅是践行人类命运共同体理念的重要内容， 也是推动全球能源治理体系重构的重要举措。 因此， 通过构建能源命运共同体来建立一个安全稳定的能源供需格局、互利共嬴的能源合作关系、绿色环保的能源发展方式、普适高效的能源治理体系， 对深化国际能源合作， 维护全球共同安全、实现人类社会的可持续发展， 都具有重要意义。 构建能源命运共同体， 需要世界各国树立命运与共的合作新理念， 坚持低碳环保的发展新路径， 构建能源开发利用的新网络， 同舟共济、精诚合作， 共同建设一个持久和平、普遍安全、互利共嬴、共同繁荣的全球能源治理新体系。     

构建人类命运共同体的现实价值、理论创新与实践意义——兼论习近平人类命运共同体理念

构建人类命运共同体的全球新发展理念是从关切现实问题角度出发,顺应人类社会发展的世界历史进程,汲取了中华传统哲学思想的智慧,具有马克思主义理论中国化的现实价值、理论创新和实践意义。构建人类命运共同体理念的提出以共商、共建和共享为核心,为化解资本现代性问题所引发的各种矛盾、冲突、分裂以及由贫富差距加剧所引发的扭曲社会样态;以互利共赢,合作共享人类文明成果,走向人类社会的长治久安和共同繁荣为旨归,倡导和平与发展的共同价值理念,致力于弥合由于不平衡、不协调的发展所引起的"中心—边缘"的对立与冲突;以中国传统智慧的"互系性通变"和马克思主义中国化的创新理论成果,结合中国改革开放过程中的实际问题为出发点,为全球一体化发展提供可借鉴的"中国方案"。习近平倡导构建人类命运共同体的新发展理念对于发展和完善习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,推动全球治理体系变革,塑造公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序,共创人类和平发展大业具有重大理论和实践意义。     

试析人类命运共同体的内在逻辑格局——合规律性与合目的性的统一

坚持推动构建人类命运共同体作为新时代中国特色大国外交的重要内容和中国特色社会主义的基本方略,其内在逻辑格局是合规律性与合目的性的统一。人类命运共同体是命运共同体理念日臻完善的体现,是对世界历史进程一般规律的准确把握,是对新中国外交工作特殊规律的高度反映;人类命运共同体积极回应了和平与发展的时代主题,有力推动了全球治理体系变革,充分保障了中国梦的顺利实现。我们要把坚持党的领导作为国内前提,把尊重世界人民的历史主体地位作为价值根本,在协同各方形成合力的基础上,深化落实五位一体的具体举措,坚持推动构建人类命运共同体。     

A Pluralistic Approach to Human Rights in a Community of Shared Future for Mankind

"A community of shared destiny for all mankind" has its own inherent logic, structure and development path, and a pluralistic concept of human rights is a key factor to achieve its four core goals: equality, cooperation, security and inclusiveness. A pluralistic concept of human rights and the ideal of a community of shared future for all mankind overlap on certain values and interests, as well as power and cultural attributes. It means that a pluralistic approach to human rights is indispensable to the establishment of a community of shared future for all mankind. Meanwhile, this new view of human rights embodies mutual respect and support for the inherent inevitability among different countries, shared responsibility, and pursuit of common development.     

习近平人类命运共同体思想的建构逻辑与价值外延

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记在众多国际外交场合以及国内重要会议上,反复阐述人类命运共同体思想,并进行了深刻论证。它是建构在共同国际权益观、共同利益观、共同可持续发展观的价值基础之上,以马克思共同体思想为来源,以中国优秀传统文化为动力,以历代党的领导人的思想为基础,面对当前世界性发展难题提出的中国国际秩序观。此外,它的价值实现了外延,为世界走向和平、走向共同发展、实现全球治理提供了现实可能的“中国方案”。     

The “Transcendental” Interpretation of the Concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Its Implementation in China

The concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind provides new theoretical support for the special protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is innovative in terms of its purposes and principles, logic and technology, and the actual implementation of the contracting parties, which is unique in the field of international human rights law. It is a "transcendental" interpretation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and enhances the ethical values of international human rights law. The development of the cause of persons with disabilities in China is positively influenced by the values reflected in the concept of a community of shared Future for mankind and meanwhile highlights them, which provides "Chinese experiences" for the international cause of persons with disabilities.     

Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Discourse of Community with a Shared Future: China's Ideas and Experience

Countries in the world lack the ability to maintain internal independence and to cope with new external risks, sov ereign state relations based on respect for diversity are giving way to global solidarity. The concept of a community with a shared future for all mankind emphasizes relative independence along with the integration of human society and the joint liability of states. The basic principle is to recognize and respect diversity so as to maintain and enhance integration. In the discourse of a community with a shared future, we must look at human rights and the promotion and protection of human rights from a relational and symbiotic perspective. The concept of human rights is comprehensive, the universality of human rights does not mean the universality of human rights standards, and the global governance of human rights needs to strengthen both the internal c and external capacities and conditions of countries. In this regard, China's experience is to form a task-oriented target governance model, enhance the enforceability and evaluability of the legal protection of human rights, substantiate and operationalize human rights principles and proposals at all levels through efforts such as establishing mechanisms and initiating forums, and continue to implement and enhance the external cooperation mechanism. The vulnerability, diversity, and scarcity of individuals and human societies are the roots of the problems of global peace and security, and a community with a shared future is also a community of rights, obligations and responsibilities. Therefore, the promotion and protection of human rights is not a burden to be distributed, but a responsibility to be shared, a collective responsibility based on shared values.     

A Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings in the Vision of Modernization of Global Governance: China's Expression and Practice

The human rights cause in the world still faces structural challenges and crises, the factor of which including scarcity of living material resources, global environmental crisis and global terrorism. However, the existing global governance model and governance pattern have made it difficult to deal effectively with the above structural challenges and crises facing the development of human rights in the world. Therefore, it's necessary to advance and modernize global governance. In order to realize these ends, the Chinese government presents the ideal of a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings as the modernization of global governance and the Belt and Road Initiative as the proper project for this process of modernization. It calls on all countries to work hand in hand and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind so as to realize the modernization of global governance and hence the comprehensive development of human beings.     

China's Contributions to South-South Human Rights Governance: Concept and Practice——In the Vision of Global Human Rights Governance

Currently, human rights governance in Global South countries faces non-traditional human rights challenges in addition to the traditional ones. The view of human rights governance dominated by Western liberalism is already overstretched when facing the human rights governance dilemma of the less-developed countries. The proposal to build a community with a shared future for mankind as well as The Belt and Road have contributed new Chinese wisdom and action plans for South-South cooperation and global governance rights both theoretically and practically, which has important significance for easing the predicament of the human rights protection in the Global South.     

Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind to Human Rights Theory

The concept named "a community with a shared future for mankind" has important implications for the theory and practice of human rights. From the perspective of specific human rights, the idea of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind implies recognizing the right to peace of mankind, advocates the mode of economic cooperation and development, and acts as a guide for building an eco-friendly world, rejecting hegemony, and promoting cultural diversity. Therefore, a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind plays an important supporting role in establishing the legitimacy of specific rights. Meanwhile, in view of the scarcity of human resources, it is impossible for all kinds of rights to be protected to the same degree. Human rights need to be systematically constructed in theory and practice, and also require the formation of a well-functioning platform for their protection. As a guideline, the notion of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is conducive to the establishment of such a system.     

Prevention of Violent Extremism and Human Rights Protection

In the context of globalization, violent extremist forces pose a serious threat to the fundamental human rights of the people all over the world. Strengthening human rights protection requires reinforcing the momentum to crack down and prevent the violent acts of extremist forces. As one of the countries that is the victim of violence by extremists, China has taken a series of measures to tackle the challenges of violent extremism. As President Xi Jinping has pointed out, "the realization of the full enjoyment of human rights by human beings is the common goal of human society." While establishing a community of common destiny for all mankind, the international community should take action to effectively address the root causes of violent extremism, maintain a peaceful and secure development environment, and defend the basic human rights and well-being of all peoples, so as to ensure a safe and brighter future for all.     

新时代中国共产党边疆治理的四维论析

进入新时代,以习近平同志为核心的党中央在继承我国边疆治理历史经验的基础上,不断推进边疆治理现代化,将满足边疆各族群众的美好生活需要,实现中华民族伟大复兴,推动建设人类命运共同体作为边疆治理的价值定位;拓展边疆治理的对象,明确边疆治理的重要意义,擘画边疆治理的“路线图”,强调边疆治理的领导力量,在新的历史条件下完善发展了党的边疆治理理论;积极构建边疆发展的大格局,坚持海陆统筹,建设海洋强国,不断巩固边疆稳定的深层次基础,全方位保障边疆的安全,加强边疆基层党的建设,开拓了党治理边疆的新境界。     

新冠疫情背景下中国的公共卫生外交:成就、困难与进一步推进的路径

新冠疫情治理需要国际社会加强合作,公共卫生外交是促进各国进行公共卫生合作、建立疫情全球防线的关键举措。通过开展公共卫生外交,一方面,中国争取了世界卫生组织和国际社会的支持和帮助,满足了中国抗击国内新冠疫情形势的需要;另一方面,中国凭借丰硕的抗疫成果在全球树立了典范,通过对国际社会进行疫情通报、经验沟通、技术合作和医疗援助,推动了人类卫生健康共同体理念的传播,守护了全球疫情防线。同时也应注意到,国家层面公共卫生安全战略的不完善、一些西方国家的大国博弈旧思维,以及各国公共卫生治理理念与能力的差异等问题对中国当前的公共卫生外交提出了挑战。对此,中国应尽快完善国家公共卫生安全战略,秉承人类卫生健康共同体理念,大力推进全球公共卫生外交并积极贡献卫生公共产品,以巩固新冠疫情防控的全球战线。