村党组织领导权制度化嵌入实现方式研究

村庄治理现代化是国家治理现代化的基础工程,村党组织要在村庄治理现代化进程中发挥领导作用。但长期以来,绝大部分村党组织依然采用"一元化"的领导权实现方式,包揽村庄权力,不尊重村庄中其他主体的发展逻辑和运作规律,少部分村党组织甚至放弃村党组织的领导权,村党组织领导权威出现弱化趋势,党在村庄的执政基础受到严重影响。随着村庄社会转型的加快,村党组织领导权实现的环境发生了变化,村党组织应充分考虑村庄治理现代化的要求,以提高村民对村党组织政治认同水平为中心,以实现高水平的农村社会整合为主要任务,在制度化前提下实现领导权的政治、文化、社会和经济嵌入。     

马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活的向度分析

日常生活是意识形态的寓所。本文主要讨论马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活,为大众认知、接受与认同的四个向度:日常生活认知图式是马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活的先验逻辑;日常生活现实诉求是马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活的出场路径;日常生活情感取向是马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活的心理桥梁;日常生活交往范式是马克思主义意识形态嵌入日常生活的传播纽带。     

垄断结构嵌入下的增长实现机制与转型路径研究——以电力产业为例的分析

以电力产业作为典型代表,分析垄断结构嵌入下的增长实现机制,并在此基础上提出推动结构转型、促进经济可持续发展的具体路径。研究发现,在政府竞争和不完美监督的共同约束下,上游垄断结构的嵌入扭曲电力终端价格结构,使得小工商业用户面临较高的电价,而大工业用户面临较低的电价,这造成重工业的过度发展和产出的快速扩张;但是由于资源能源和环境、资本以及规模的限制,这种重工业化驱动的经济增长是不可持续的。因此,为了实现经济的可持续发展,我们提出"短期限制、中期纠正、长期规范"的转型路径,以在调结构的同时维持必要的经济增长。     

反向嵌入与资源扩展：社会组织党建的机制分析

已有研究通过“国家—社会”的分析路径探讨了社会组织党建的机制,但这些研究囿于政党视角的窠臼,局限于以“政党嵌入论”和“资源依赖论”解释社会组织的党建行为,而忽略了社会组织的主动回应和社会组织党建之后的资源变化。文章尝试以“反向嵌入与资源扩展”作为理论框架,分析社会组织对党建的回应机制和回应策略,进一步发展资源依赖论和政党嵌入论。研究发现,社会组织回应党建要求,反向嵌入党组织,积极识别和有效利用党建的空间,为自身发展创造优势,同时社会组织积极地进行资源扩展,通过党建获取引导性资源、参与相对排名竞争,开拓发展资源。     

历史唯物主义的国家理论分析——兼论治理理论嵌入的可能与边界

随着历史日益成为"世界历史",中国的改革进程进入攻坚期和深水区,西方各种理论传入中国,这些理论对中国理论界造成了巨大冲击,其中有合理的,也有不合理的。对这些理论进行辨析,变得尤为重要。西方治理理论就是其中一例。本文重新研究和梳理历史唯物主义国家理论,并对西方治理理论进行梳理,从而分析其嵌入历史唯物主义国家理论的可能与边界,这对坚定我们的理论自信是非常必要的。     

基层通过购买党建服务实现党组织嵌入社会组织的实证分析——基于济南市J街道的个案观察

购买公共服务是我国深化社会治理创新的重要工具。基层要在构建共建共治共享的社会治理格局中,积极探索通过购买党建服务进一步加强社会组织党建工作的体制机制和创新路径,不断提升基层党组织党建服务水平。基于济南市J街道购买党建服务的个案,运用嵌入性视角对其党组织嵌入社会组织的状况进行整体性理论透视后发现,基层通过购买党建服务,以政治、结构、关系、认知、文化五种嵌入方式,将党组织嵌入社会组织当中;虽然表面上似乎形成了完整的嵌入闭环,扩大了社会组织党的组织覆盖与工作覆盖,但实际上还面临制度赋能效应不足等困境,导致党组织嵌入社会组织留有“缝隙”,在社会组织的日常运作中更多的是起到仪式化的象征作用。为此,迫切需要从过程导向的嵌入转向结果导向的嵌合,通过完善购买党建服务制度体系等方式对党组织嵌入社会组织的路径进行优化。     

图像与文学的共生

伴随着社会的数字化、信息化进程,世界逐渐被把握为“图像”了。在“图像霸权”君临现实之际,传统的以文字符号和纸质媒介为存在方式的文学受到空前挑战,有人称“文学的时代已经终结”了。笔者以为,图像的发展并不意味着必然埋葬文学,相反,二者之间存在共生的可能。     

作为公共政策的城市规划——政治嵌入与利益整合

城市规划、城市设计和城市更新是城市公共政策的重要组成部分。从城市问题入手,通过大规模的相互割裂的城市规划和城市更新来实现城市发展,这样的思路由于忽视了城市社会价值而往往陷入政策失败。事实上,作为公共政策的城市规划背后,是城市权力和多重利益的调整,这种调整既体现在政府之间,也体现在国家与市场、社会之间,还体现在个体城市与都会区域之间。因此,只有当我们认识到城市规划是一项涉及正义分配的制度设计时,是一项涉及利益平衡的公共政策时,是一项关于良好公共生活的持续供给时,城市规划才真正地回答了城市发展与社会生活的双重命题。     

勾连与嵌入:权力相关概念之辨析

权力和权威、潜规则、隐权力、隐匿权威等相关概念之间存在着复杂的勾连和嵌入。在现象学意义上,它们有着不同的特征和运行机理。在权力利益实现时,它们是一种"敌对的合作"关系。在权力运行中存在所谓"权力悖论",即权威、隐权力等的存在是权力运行的关键,又是权力消解的根源。     

数字政府建设中的法律制度完善

当前我国在数字政府建设中取得了良好的成绩,多数省市明确了政务数据管理机构、制定了数字政府发展规划、开发了“一网通办”的网上政务app,并运用多种互联网技术为数字政府助力,让老百姓“最多跑一次”成为现实。但是,在这些成绩的背后,建设过程中法律制度缺失、数据安全和个人信息保护不足、电子政务服务标准不统一、公众参与渠道狭窄等问题也较为突出。因此,为裨助数字政府建设,推动政府治理现代化转型发展,有必要构建完善的数字政府法律框架、尽快出台相关法律法规,统一数字政府政务服务标准,拓宽公众参与建设途径。才能处理好“制度”和“技术”的关系,才能让数字政府建设合规、有序、安全、平稳发展。     

当代西方市场社会主义者对社会主义的认识

当代西方市场社会主义者指出，社会主义必须要赋予新的涵义，必须要加以现代化。为此，他们提出了“平等目标论”、“自由目标论”和“综合目标论”等社会主义价值目标理论，并且认为市场社会主义是现阶段实现社会主义和使社会主义现代化的一条最佳途径。从其理论内容和目的出发，我们可以认定其仍然坚持了社会主义的价值取向。他们对社会主义与市场经济“联姻”所作的论证和探索，对中国社会主义市场经济具有重要的理论借鉴意义和启示。     

The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism

The political economy of Britain over the past three decades provides an interesting example of the consolidation, normalization and institutionalization of a new economic paradigm – neoliberalism. As such, it serves as a potentially instructive focus for debate both about the conditions under which economic paradigms are replaced and consolidated and the evolution of such paradigms through the process of institutionalization. In this paper I suggest that the institutionalization of this new economic paradigm has been associated with the shift from a normative to a normalized and necessitarian neoliberalism. I examine the role played by rationalist assumptions in this extended process of normalization-institutionalization. After presenting a stylized account of the evolution of British neoliberalism, I show how New Labour's monetary policy regime is the heir to the legacy of monetarism and its agenda of labour-market reform is the heir to Thatcherism's supply-side economics. I suggest that the time-inconsistency thesis and the business school globalization thesis have played an equivalent role, for New Labour, to that played for the new right by monetarism and supply-side economics in legitimating neoliberalism. In this way neoliberalism has been normalized. In the final sections of the paper I reflect on the implications of the normalized and necessitarian character of neoliberalism in Britain for its contestability and for democratic economic governance more broadly.     

清末股票市场监管制度建设的原因及绩效评析

股票市场监管是证券业和股份经济健康发展的要求及保障。我国股票市场监管制度建设起源于清朝末期,追溯该时期股票市场监管制度建设的成效与缺陷,总结其原因和教训,有助于我们完善现阶段的股票市场监管体制并控制金融风潮的爆发。     

The clown's carnival in the hospital: a semiotic analysis of the medical clown's performance

The medical clown's multimodal performance in the hospital takes place within its rigid space. A clown in a hospital is a paradox. “Medical clowning” is a metaphor taken from two seemingly unrelated fields of meaning, juxtaposing what is medical, scientific, serious and logical with clowning, emotions, carnival spirit and humour. The clown addresses barriers erected by illness, pain, alienation and distress with a continuous flexible performance of humour and fantasy tailored to changing conditions and circumstances. A clown, by definition, threatens the public order and seemingly has no place in the hospital paradigm. The current article compares medical clowns to carnival clowns, examines the medical clown's flexible performance, illustrates it with case studies, presents a semiotic analysis of the clown's journey through the hospital and examines the significance of the performance on the ideological level.     

Experimental analysis of the effect of standards on compliance and performance

Legal directives – whether laws, regulations, or contractual provisions – can be written along a spectrum of specificity, about which behavioral and legal scholarship present conflicting views. We hypothesized that the combination of specificity and monitoring promotes compliance but harms performance and trust, whereas the combination of specificity and good faith enhances both the informative goal‐setting aspects of specificity and people's sense of commitment. To test these hypotheses, we used a 2x2x2 experimental design in which participants were instructed to edit a document with either general or detailed instructions, with a reference to good faith or without it, and with a review of the work or without it. Participants could engage in various levels and kinds of editing, allowing us to distinctly measure both compliance and performance. When participants require information and guidance, as in the case of editing, we found that specificity increases performance relative to the vague standard condition. We discuss the characteristics of the regulatory frameworks in which our findings are especially relevant.     

简论数字鸿沟对民主的负向作用

信息技术的运用及发展在国与国之间和国家内部是不均衡的,主要的问题便是数字鸿沟问题。数字鸿沟是当代信息社会中一个普遍的、愈演愈烈的世界性问题,给社会带了来诸多问题,对于民主的负向作用更是不容忽视。要解决数字鸿沟问题,正确看待数字鸿沟是首先要面对的问题。     

Race,income, and home PC ownership: a regional analysis of the digital divide

While digital divide research has focused on differences in computer access at the national level, few studies have examined interrelationships among race, income, and personal computer (PC) ownership at the regional level. This article examines the racial and economic divide in home PC ownership across four census regions of the U.S. Our analyses are based on supplementary data from the Census Bureau’s August 2000 Current Population Survey. The results indicate that White households are significantly more likely to own a PC than African American households in all regions. The extent of this racial divide is greatest in the Midwest and smallest in the West, and particularly high in the $50,000–$75,000 income category. The racial divide in PC ownership is negated only in households earning more than $75,000 annually. A significantly large income divide also exists among African American PC owners in all regions.     

Sensory speculations:Visual discourse and the vision of visuality

It is now commonplace within the discipline of art history and visual culture to speak to theories of vision and visuality. Recent questions concerning the subject of vision, sexed positionalities and discourses of viewing are indebted to theories of visuality, which now occupy a privileged place within the study of visual culture. Theories of visuality have revealed both the terms of cultural visibilities and significantly the how of what we see. And yet despite this engagement of the opacity and duplicity of the visual, recent work into visuality has been plagued by a re‐occurring myopia regarding the corporeal This oversight within the visibilites of visual discourse is the unchallenged idea of a ‘human vision’ within the social constructivist project. In this article I assess how this universal operates as the matter for theories of visuality and of the ramifications of this for the project of the critique of vision.