America versus the Third World

With the end of the Cold War, the concept of the Third World has greatly changed, and the importance of the developing states in U. S. new global strategy, primacy with flexible reactions, has re-oriented. The U. S. policy toward these nations also has become more complicated than during the Cold War period.     

Impression about the visit in America

AttheinvitationoftheAsiaFoundationoftheUnit鄄edStates,CAFIU'sthree-memberteamheadedbySecretary-GeneralXuJianguopaidavisittoU.S.from4-11November熏2003.ArrangedbytheAmer鄄icanside熏thedelegationengagedintheextensivecontactswiththeAsiaFoundation,theWorldAf鄄fairsCouncil熏UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley熏UnitedNationsAssociationoftheUSA,CouncilonForeignRelations熏EastAsianInstituteoftheColumbiaUniversity,″Newsday″EditorialDepart鄄ment熏SisterCitiesProgramofthecityofNewYork,Ame…     

Look at the Direction of US-Latin America Relations from Bush’s Visit to Latin America

From March 8th to 14th, 2007, US President George W. Bush paid an visit to five Latin American states of Brazil, Uruguay, Colombia, Guatemala and Mexico. This visit, with the largest number of Latin American states visited and the longest duration since Bush came to office, was an important diplomatic move that demonstrates the US's determination to regain its "backyard" as well as major policy adjustments of the US towards Latin America.     

Changes in America‘s China Policy

Many Chinese are optimistic about Washington's China policy inBush's second term.Such expectation is based on the following judg-ments.First of all,after judgments and changes for several years,theBush administration has taken a more positive policy toward China onthe whole.Such a trend would continue and develop following Bush'sreelection.Traditionally,Republican government attaches greater im-portance to security.After the end of the Cold War,when the Republi-can Party is in power,Chin…     

Latin America in Transition and Its International Status

There are presently 33 independent countries and 12 regions that have not yet acquired independence in Latin America. They include Mexico, Central America, Caribbean region, and South America. With abundant natural resources, the land covers an area of 20. 7 mil- lion square kilometers, 13. 8% of the world's total land and has a popu- lation of 540 million, over 8. 7% of the world's total. Since the late 18th century and the early 19th century around when the Latin Ameri- can states succes…     

Report on China‘s Latin America Policy

Latin America is the only underdeveloped region in the Western Hemisphere, and China is the largest developing country in the Eastern Hemisphere. Across the vast Pacific Ocean, the Chinese and the Latin American people have a history of nearly 500 years of ex- changes. Starting from the 1980s, both China and the Latin American states adopted the reform and opening-up strategies for development, which led to profound political, economic, and social transformations in the two areas. This h…     

Specific Suggestions to Strengthen Relations with Latin America

In the two decades ahead, China's development will face a period of important strategic opportunities. While coping with big power rela- tions, China needs to be pluralistic in external relations and economic and trade relations. Therefore, strengthening relations with the devel- oping countries and promoting South South cooperation is in China's in- terest and an essential link to ensure China's rise in the new century. The further and comprehensive development of Sino-Latin America re- l…     

Has Latin America Become China＇s Backyard？

＂Latin America has become China＇s backyard＂ was a new idea espoused recently by Mr. Tim Johnson, a correspondent of the United States. This concept at once became a central topic of interest for the American press, Chinese newspapers as well as the international media. Has Latin America become China＇s backyard？ Is there any ground for skepticism about the China-Latin America relationship？ Does China have the intention or capacity to challenge the U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere？ How should China interact with the U.S. in that region？ These are the fresh issues that require removal of misunderstanding between China and the U.S.     

An Analysis of India＇s Latin America Policy

In the Cold War period, India took a relatively estrangementpolicy toward Latin America and relations between the two sides were fairly cold. With the adjustment of its policy after the end of the Cold War, India began to actively engage the Latin American countries, especially the major ones,     

What Strategic Outlook Holds for America in Iraq？

Agreat controversy is stirring up the world opinion over the futuredirection of developments in Iraq,a matter affecting overall U.S.foreign policy and even the international power configuration aswell.An accurate assessment,however,requires analyzing the …     

Opportunities and Challenges in the Social Development of Latin America

Entering the threshold of the 21st century, Latin American countries, in active response tothe callsof the UN Millennium Summit, have been striving to     

Impact of Global Anti-Americanism on America＇s Soft Power

As a long-standing international political phenomenon, themeaning of anti-Americanism has all along been a controversial topic in the academic circle, and basically two opposing views have been formed. One is that anti-Americanism, which is prejudice and hostility toward the American society （American culture,     

America is Back. Is Europe Back Too?

Within a resilient transatlantic alliance, political leadership and security forces can respond successfully to any crisis imposed, but without resilience the alliance will remain vulnerable to malign influences that seek to divide, sap physical and societal strength, and undermine the ability to respond to challenges—politically, economically, and militarily. Unity in a resilient security environment, with economic and political unity, is critical for defending against authoritarian regimes that aim to “divide and conquer.”     

Explore China-Latin America Multiple Cooperation Under the Framework of Globalization

Development and enhancement of bilateral economic and trade cooperation constitutes the foundation of a country's external economic relations,which is also one of the important tasks of all the countries for developing and consolidating bilateral relations in an era of peace and development.     

What Makes America？--On Turner＇s Theory of Frontier

Frederick Jackson Turner argues in his ＂Frontier Thesis＂ that American democracy and individualism are shaped by adaptation to the environment and the exploitation of the frontier. The westward advance explains the development of America and the evolution of its national character. However, the weakness of his theory is that he does not define the nature of the frontier, or the exploitation of that frontier as a process. Although scholars and Presidents tend to proclaim the unique and exceptional traits of America, the rudiments of democracy originate from Europe. The Puritans in New England brought with them the idea of liberty and mission; the gentlemen of the Old South embodied the features of dignity, gallantry and hospitality; slave culture displayed a sense of humor and the pursuit of freedom and equality. All of these elements molded the colorful national character and culture of the United States of America.     

Presidential hegemony and democratic backsliding in Latin America, 1925–2016

ABSTRACT

Does the executive's institutional hegemony represent a risk to the survival of democracy? By hegemony, we refer to the president's ability to control other institutions, particularly the legislature and judiciary. To answer this question, we develop two indices of presidential hegemony and analyze the duration of democratic regimes in 18 Latin American countries between 1925 and 2016. The results show that executive hegemony is a major driver of democratic instability. This finding is robust to non-linear effects and to potential endogeneity in the relationship between presidential power and democratic backsliding. Our findings challenge traditional concerns about executive-legislative deadlock, and have significant implications for the nascent literature on democratic backsliding, which highlights executive aggrandizement as a risk factor.     

Refugee Law and Protection in Brazil: a Model in South America?

Brazil has been committed to International Refugee Law sincethe 1950s. For much of this period, however, the country wasunder a dictatorship which made the implementation of refugeeprotection precarious, although refugees and asylum seekerscould count on the assistance of UNHCR and its implementingpartners—NGOs connected to the Catholic Church which remainpartners of UNHCR till today. Following re-democratization,Brazil has not only passed a specific law on refugees, but hasevolved to become a resettlement country. These changes haveled Brazil to be regarded as a model in refugee protection inSouth America. This paper aims to assess whether or not Brazilis fulfilling the said role by describing the evolution of refugeelaw and protection in the country.