以马克思主义世界观方法论为指导,树立和落实科学发展观

马克思主义哲学世界观和方法论是科学发展观的哲学依据,科学发展观是辩证的发展观,是唯物史观的发展观,是尊重客观规律的发展观。马克思主义社会发展理论是科学发展观的理论依据,马克思主义经济社会形态理论、全面生产的理论、人的全面发展理论等是科学发展观的理论说明。     

用科学发展观统领军队与社会和谐发展

科学发展观,是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的新一届中央领导集体,对党的执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律认识的深化,是对中国特色社会主义理论的丰富和发展。其基本内容就是要"坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观,促进经济社会和人的全面发展"。     

科学发展观:邓小平社会发展理论的时代创新

科学发展观坚持了唯物史观的基本原理,创新了马克思主义社会发展理论,进一步回答了中国特色社会主义为什么发展、如何发展、为谁发展的问题,是对邓小平的社会主义发展观的继承与发展。可以说,科学发展观就是当代中国关于“发展”的科学理论,是指导我们全面建设和谐社会和现代化建设的理论指南。     

马克思主义发展观之我见

马克思主义发展观是科学发展观的理论基础和思想源泉;从唯物辩证法关于发展的一般理论到社会发展和人的发展,是马克思主义发展观的基本脉络;把握马克思主义发展观的基本内容对于正确认识和贯彻实践科学发展观具有重要的理论价值.     

中国共产党人理论创新的重大成果

科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要组成部分,也是它的当前形态;是马克思主义发展观的集中体现,也是它的重大进展。科学发展观深刻揭示了共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律,是中国共产党人理论创新的重大成果,是我们必须长期坚持的指导思想。一、中国特色社会主义理论体系的最新形态对于邓小平理论、"三个代表"重要思想和科学发展观三者之间的关系,有三种不同的理解方式。第一种是拼盘式的理解:把三者视作互不相同、     

简论发展观的演变及其规律性

近代以来,人类的发展观经历了从传统发展观到新发展观,从新发展观到可持续发展观,再从可持续发展观到科学发展观的演变过程。科学发展观是人类发展观的当代科学形态。发展观的演变本身是在尊重规律的基础上展开的,它随着人类社会实践的发展而发展,其关注重心从物发展到人,其主要内容从片面发展到全面。     

耗散结构理论视角中的科学发展观

中国共产党深刻总结了共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律，提出了指导中国特色社会主义发展的科学发展观，科学发展观不仅从哲学社会科学上看是科学的，而且也是符合自然科学规律的，本文从耗散结核理论视角诠释了科学发展观的内涵。摘要：中国共产党深刻总结了共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律，提出了指导中国特色社会主义发展的科学发展观，科学发展观不仅从哲学社会科学上看是科学的，而且也是符合自然科学规律的，本文从耗散结构理论视角诠释了科学发展观的内涵。     

科学发展观的核心价值意蕴

任何一种发展观，都蕴涵着对发展规律的认识和对发展价值取向确定。科学发展观也是规律认识和价值取向相统一的发展理论。就规律认识而言，它凝结着中国共产党人对人类社会发展规律、中国社会发展规律和中国特色社会主义发展规律的新认识；就价值取向而言，它体现了中国共产党和中国人民在新世纪新阶段的新的发展要求和价值追求。     

社会主义新农村建设是科学发展观的时代表征

哲学一直从理性化的角度把握思想中的时代。从这个角度看,改变传统的社会发展观,确立以人为中心的科学发展观是社会主义新农村建设的哲学基础;社会主义新农村建设是科学发展观的时代表征;以农民为中心的农村发展观对于社会主义新农村建设具有重大的理论和实践意义。     

马克思主义社会发展观的理论与实践——以东莞为例

本文梳理了马克思、毛泽东以及中国特色社会主义理论中对社会发展观的阐述和理解，勾勒出马克思主义社会发展观的历史发展轨迹；用社会发展观的理论来审视东莞发展新模式，要以科学发展观来指导，按照《珠江三角洲地区改革发展规划纲要（2008-2020年）》“科学发展、先行先试”的要求，争当实践科学发展观的“排头兵”。     

The economic tradition and the constitution of science

There has been an institutional turn in the philosophy of science, which has led the discipline to become more concerned with understanding how the scientific process actually works. This paper argues that such a philosophy of science, which lies beyond only proposing a logic of science, has something to learn from economics. Economic thinking can be instrumental in understanding the actual scientific process, and in proposing proper institutions guiding scientific competition. It is, however, also argued that economics would benefit from overcoming the pure logic of choice inherent to the neoclassical approach, by further developing the institutional approach to economics.     

突发公共事件应急管理研究中的重要科学问题

当今,各类突发公共事件已成为构建和谐社会的重要隐患,引起了社会各界的广泛关注.认为,加强突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究是我国社会经济发展过程中产生的重大现实需求,对于建立和发展富有中国特色的应急管理理论以及相应的学科体系具有重要的科学意义;在此基础上,将突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题归纳为突发公共事件应急管理体系建设战略研究、典型突发公共事件危机/灾害的机理机制研究、突发公共事件的监测预警研究、应急资源管理理论与技术研究、突发公共事件的认知与决策行为研究、突发公共事件的模拟仿真研究、突发公共事件的应急管理系统研究以及突发公共事件的后评估与重建研究,并对其研究现状和发展趋势进行了扼要的回顾和展望;最后建议国家有关部门设立重大研究计划以便加强研究力度,并就如何提炼和组织其中的科学问题提出了一些建议,可为我国开展突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究提供参考.     

Politics and the Limits of a Science of Governance: Some Reflections on the Thought of Bernard Crick

This paper examines Bernard Crick's ideas on the nature of politics and explores their implications for a scientific approach to governance like that advocated recently by public management writers. It is argued here that such an approach generally downplays the inherently political character of governance because it ignores the conflicts of values and the uncertainty that are an inherent part of the way in which we have come to govern ourselves.     

Horses for courses: China's accommodative approach to food standard‐setting in response to the internationalization of regulation

This paper examines the evolution of China's food standard‐setting procedures from both domestic and international perspectives, particularly in the context of the internationalization of regulation. After the reform and opening‐up in 1978, state actors and leading enterprises monopolized the process of national food standard setting. With further participation in the global economy in the 21st century, China has become familiar with the international standard‐setting procedures and has modeled its domestic policymaking on these practices. This has resulted in a more transparent, inclusive, scientific, pluralized, and consensus‐based form of decisionmaking. By contrast, the standards of the strategic industries have been harmonized to the standards of international counterparts through a top‐down and authoritarian approach. This paper argues that China uses an accommodative approach, trichotomizing suitable standards and decisionmaking procedures in terms of inclusiveness and transparency, which suits the developmental needs of the domestic market, food export markets, and strategic industries.     

The structure of political cognition: A new approach to its meaning and measurement

Recent studies of political beliefs have largely abandoned the traditional concern with their ideological content for a newfound interest in their cognitive content. This interest in shared cognition has shed new light onwhat people think about politics, but it has largely ignored the question ofhow people think about politics. This paper addresses one important dimension of that void by considering the structure of political cognition and, more specifically, how that structure varies across people. It uses a schematic approach to (1) develop a general unifying theory of the structure of political cognition; (2) suggest the political implications of different types of cognitive structure; and (3) develop an easily administered and construct-valid methodology for measuring the structure of political cognition. By way of illustration, this methodology is used to measure the structure of individuals' political cognitions about issues in their community.     

Feminist comparative policy: A new field of study

Abstract. This article presents feminist comparative policy (FCP) as a new field of study. It argues that FCP scholars have successfully developed a distinct approach to doing political research and a significant scientific community which follows this approach. In doing so, FCP scholars, particularly since the early 1990s, have moved this area of study into a new stage of institutionalization and influence. These achievements are documented in a discussion of first, the development and major features of the FCP approach and second, the individuals and research infrastructure that comprise the FCP community. The conclusion considers the successes of FCP in the context of speculations about its contributions to non feminist political science.     

Creating a Sustainable Manned Orbital Spaceflight Industry

Since the launch of the Sputnik satellite and the start of the modern space age, nations have sought to capitalize on the scientific, political, and economic returns that stem from that frontier. In the United States, national policy guides the development of the space industry as an economic force and is itself guided by recommendations from periodic committees and other bodies. Although these policies have produced clear scientific and political rewards, the economic results are more mixed. In particular, manned orbital spaceflight has long struggled with issues of sustainability. This article uses a macroeconomic approach to identify the subtle but critical differences between manned orbital spaceflight and the rest of the space industry that increase the cost structure of the industry and work against its sustainability. In recognizing these differences, the authors propose a fundamental shift toward the industry model applied to manned orbital spaceflight that incorporates a federal capability addressing on-orbit emergencies. Not only can this capability reduce the difficulties that these differences create, but it fulfills a natural partnering role between government and private industry that is presently missing.     

The Greater Yellowstone policy debate: What is the policy problem?

Yellowstone National Park and the surrounding mountainous region comprise the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), a 19 million acre area that is one of the few relatively intact ecosystems in the lower 48 states. Conservationists believe that continuation of present land management practices in the region will disrupt the ecological integrity of the GYE. Many authors have identified and described these threats, but as yet there has been no sustained effort to make sense of these threats in the context of the ongoing dynamic policy debate. We develop the foundation for such understanding by examining the implicit problem definitions that have emerged from this debate. They fall into three general categories: 1) a scientific definition, 2) an economic definition, and 3) a bureaucratic definition. This process produces an exploratory definition of the policy problem, which suggests a strategy for better understanding and policy design. We propose several intervention points at which substantive, one-the-ground improvements in the management of the GYE are possible.     

Kant and the critique of the ethics-first approach to politics

Abstract

Contemporary ‘realists’ attack the Kantian influence on political philosophy. A main charge is that Kantians fail to understand the specificity of politics and neglect to develop a ‘distinctively political thought’ that differs from moral philosophy. Instead, the critics say, Kantians are guilty of an ‘ethics-first approach to politics,’ in which political theory is a mere application of moral principles. But what does this ethics-first approach have to do with Kant himself? Very little. This article shows how Kant’s approach to political theory at a fundamental level includes political institutions, power, and coercion as well as disagreement, security, and coordination problems. In contrast to realists, Kant has a fundamental principle, which can explain why and guide how we ought to approach the political question, namely the norm of equal freedom. Yet, Kant’s theory does not take the form of a moralistic ought addressed to the isolated individual, but concerns a problem that we share as interdependent beings and that requires common institutions. The fruitfulness of the Kantian approach, then, is that it can take the political question seriously without being uncritical of actual politics and power, and that it can be normative without being moralistic.