专利密集型产业发展的本土路径

作为产生于美国的概念,专利密集型产业的中国发展需要采用科学审慎的培育模式.在准确认知专利密集型产业发展市场功能与专利制度保障的基础上,通过有效发明专利数量和高素质人口优化产业测度和评价标准,平衡产业资源要素投入,考虑产业发展过程中产品、技术与专利周期,分析专利密集型产业与战略新兴产业、高技术产业的关系,形成促进专利密集型产业发展的政策合力.进而在科学、政策和法治三方面,探寻产业发展的中国路径.     

国产大飞机起飞之路

大飞机实现国产化，是中国航空工业几十年的夙愿。2010年中共中央“十二五”规划建议，把高端装备制造业列为培育发展战略新兴性产业的七大产业之一。与此同时，《国务院关于加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定》在表述战略新型产业——高端装备制造产业时明确，     

提高产业核心竞争力

安徽正处在加速崛起的关键期，产业发展方向牵动全局。规划中强调“发展先进装备制造业，强化核心关键技术研发”，今后必将是我省产业发展的目标。     

当中国制造遇到工业4.0

作为曾经的世界工厂,中国在制造业领域已受到工资提升和全球经济增速放缓的冲击,国内制造业企业有很多已经陷入困境之中。为此,国务院多次提出推进"中国制造2025",促进中国制造业转型升级,实现中国制造业向着数字化、网络化、智能化、绿色化的方向良性发展。     

思特威:做中国图像传感器芯片行业的“SONY”

正据机构预测,到2025年,中国半导体芯片出货量将占全球半导体芯片市场50%以上。相较于国外半导体巨头,目前中国国产芯片在技术、品牌、高端市场竞争力等方面还存在一定的差距,无法满足迅速发展的市场需求,大部分的市场份额仍将被国外巨头瓜分。在此背景下,为了加速实现中国技术自主化,2015年国家出台了《中国制造2025》战略规划,加快从制造大国转向制造强国的转型。半导体产业发     

论商业秘密的法律保护

进入到21世纪,我国企业纷纷开始了产业省级,由传统的劳动密集型发展方式逐渐向知识密集型发展方式进行转型,在这个过程中,许多企业也承担起了扭转我国作为“中国制造”低水平技术输出而缺乏高水平“中国创造”的国际形象责任.但是随着产业链模式的转换,相应的会带来许多的法律问题,其中最突出的当属商业秘密保护的问题,因此,商业秘密保护的问题被推上“风口浪尖”是不可避免的,为了适应当今世界的发展趋势,促进我国的经济发展,我国法律从多方面,多角度对商业秘密进行保护,以此来维护社会主义市场经济的秩序,促进我国经济稳步发展.     

全球价值链下华为集团电信设备制造企业升级分析

对于电子通讯制造业来说,全球价值链包括技术研发、生产和营销售后三个方面.技术研发环节属于知识密集型模块,生产环节位于价值链的中端,附加值低,价值链的下游是营销和售后,因此企业要建立综合的全球价值网络的升级模式.对于华为来说,也是通过全球价值链的轨迹进行的产业升级,最终实现在价值链低端到高端的过渡.     

长江三角洲地区跨国公司发展态势研究

在经济全球化推动下,当今跨国公司国际直接投资呈现出一些新的重要特点.随着我国改革开放的不断深化,长三角地区跨国公司发展的基本态势表现为:在国际分工从产业间分工向产业内和产品内分工演进的背景下,长三角跨国公司制造业投资具有环节分工的鲜明特征;随着本土企业与跨国公司产业链联系的逐步增强,外资聚集型经济开始形成;跨国公司投资呈现出大型化、系列化、总部化和服务化等发展趋势.这需要我们采取相应的对策,进一步提升长三角利用外资的层次和水平,促进本土企业的成长和经济的快速发展.     

为创新护航——2006年知识产权发展方向

2006年是国家“十一五”规划开始实施“创新”战略的第一年,同时也将是中国知识产权发展的关键之年。在“十一五”规划的头一年,创新与知识产权保护被提升到国策的高度。创新不仅关系着“十一五”规划的落实,更关系着整个中国的可持续发展,而知识产权作为创新的护航使者则应积极地对创新需求进行回应,这是国家赋予知识产权事业的历史使命。作为信息产业内的期刊。我们尤其关注,知识产权如何促进产业的技术创新。信息产业是高技术密集型的产业,同时也是知识产权密集型的产业,知识产权对产业技术创新的促进模式及作用具有典型意义,因此研究信息产业内两者的相互促进作用非常重要。     

律师为沿海地区经济发展战略提供法律服务刍议

<正> 一我国沿海地区要有领导、有计划、有步骤地走向国际市场,积极参与国际竞争和国际交换,争取多层次多方面地发展国际经济技术合作,形成能够适应国际经济宏观环境变化的外向型经济结构,以加速沿海地区进而带动中南部地区经济的发展,是一项重要的经济发展战略。这个战略的主要内容是:注重发展劳动密集型产业以及劳动密集型和知识密集型相结合的产     

THE LAW AND ECONOMICS OF REGULATING RATINGS FIRMS

Consumers and producers frequently rely on product ratings,such as college rankings, restaurant reviews, and bond ratings.While much has been written about the structure of ratings inparticular industries, little has been written on the generalstructure of different ratings industries and whether governmentintervention is typically needed. This paper begins that inquiryby examining the market structure of different ratings industries,and considering the circumstances under which firms that provideratings should be regulated. We find that most ratings firmsoperate in highly concentrated markets. We also find that mostratings firms determine their own testing standards and methods,although some industries have self-governing oversight bodiesthat offer their own accreditation standards. Despite the findingthat many ratings industries are concentrated, our analysissuggests that market forces generally appear to be an effectivemechanism for providing consumers and producers with usefulratings.     

The cooperative extension service: A model for technology transfer

Since its inception in 1914, the Cooperative Extension Service has been delivering technology effectively to the agricultural community. The history of CES is discussed briefly, and the program's success, in terms of visibility, usage, and economic impact, is documented. Although the extension model has not been applied widely in industries outside of agriculture, some states have experimented with technology-transfer programs fashioned after CES. It is argued that these programs have not acquired the critical mass of resources needed to make them truly effective, and, unless they gain additional support, they should expand their services to increase their value and assess fees for assistance rendered. Gregory D. McFall was, during preparation of this paper, an undergraduate research fellow, majoring in physics, mathematics, and philosophy at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He currently is doing graduate work at VPI & SU.     

Do Computers Make Output Harder to Measure?

In recent years, U.S. productivity growth accelerated sharply in manufacturing, but has remained sluggish in the most computer-intensive service industries. This paper explores the possibility that information technology is generating output that is increasingly hard to measure in non-manufacturing industries, which contributes to the divergence in industry productivity growth rates. Our results suggest that measurement error in 13 computer-intensive, non-manufacturing industries increased between 0.74 and 1.57 percentage points per year in the 1990s, which understates annual aggregate productivity growth by 0.10 to 0.20 percentage points in the 1990s. This adds to an estimated 0.22 to 0.30 percentage point error from the increasing share of aggregate output in these hard-to-measure industries. Thus, increasing measurement problems may understate aggregate productivity growth by an additional 0.32 to 0.50 percentage points per year in the 1990s and play an important role in understanding recent productivity trends at the industry level.     

Patent analysis for promoting technology transfer in multi-technology industries: the Korean aerospace industry case

With the increasing importance of technology, the efficiency of R&D investment is becoming a critical factor to an organisation’s success. As a result, many studies have carried out to create useful information to support various decision-makings faced during R&D planning but few efforts were made to discuss technology transferability in creating the information. Technology transferability can be an important factor to increase the efficiency of R&D investment especially in a multi-technology industry, where a compound of several industries produces a variety of components and systems. Therefore, this study purposes to develop a systematic method to analyse the transferability of technology, aiming to facilitate R&D spill-over. For the purpose of analysis, patent data from USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) was adopted and patent citation analysis applied, which shows the relationship between technologies and industries as quantitative measures. The research result then was applied to Korean aerospace industry and its utility verified. The suggested method is expected to be used in understanding technology characteristics and making the most use of R&D outputs by promoting technology transfer in multi-technology industries.     

Use of the ventral arc in pubic sex determination

A sample of 1284 well-documented pubic bones was studied for sex determination methods. This sample included many adolescents and could be used to expand Phenice's 1969 study, which was largely based on mature adults. In the present study, focus was placed on the ventral arc which, when used alone, provided 96% accuracy in sex determination. This paper stresses the development of the ventral arc in the adolescent: a precursor condition is defined, which first appears at age 14 and becomes the most frequent condition at age 20. In mature adults, 4% show conditions that are misleading and likely to lead to sex determination errors. Practical applications of this method are discussed in relation to the forensic science setting, including three cases. A set of casts was developed to increase the reliability of the method, and these casts were then tested in interobserver error studies.     

国际商事仲裁中当事人意思自治领域的新发展——以《纽约公约》第5、6、7条的修改为中心

《纽约公约》是当今承认与执行外国仲裁裁决领域最具影响力的国际公约,自1958年生效以来,已经得到约140个国家的承认。《纽约公约》对促进国际经贸的发展作出了巨大的贡献,但在近半个世纪的适用实践中,它也暴露出一些不足,在某些方面还引起了较大的争议。本文从仲裁的本质出发,论述如何通过对《纽约公约》的修改,扩大当事人意思自治的范围,营造一个更有利于国际商事仲裁的环境。     

管制行业反垄断执法权配置分析——以管制度为视角

管制行业在不同程度上存在着反垄断执法问题,其执法权配置有多种模式可供选择,但从管制度的角度看,这一执法权配置应是从行业管制机构向反垄断专门执法机关逐步移转的过程,这也是大多数国家或地区立法与实践的发展趋向,因此,我国相关立法也应作相应完善.     

Technological Strengths in Mature Sectors--An Impediment or an Asset for Regional Economic Restructuring? The Case of Multimedia and Biotechnology in Baden-Wurttemberg

Baden-Württemberg's innovation system, which is characterised by a high degree of institutionalisation as well as a predominance of incremental innovations and medium technology finds itself in a profound process of transition. The paper discusses whether Baden-Württemberg's strength as an industrial district dominated by mature industries is an impediment or rather an asset with regard to developing new promising technological sectors in the region. The paper focuses on two newly emerging sectors: multimedia and biotechnology. Because of the strong orientation of actors in Baden-Württemberg to established companies in the core industries and the dominance of established organizational networks there is a lack of stimuli for developing new industries. Thus, institutional innovation and new networks are required to speed up the growth of the new industries. Baden-Württemberg can be expected to cope with the transition to the extent that it builds a close connection between its existing sectoral strengths and the new growth industries.     

Pollution and international trade in services

Two central topics in recent rounds of international trade negotiations have been environmental concerns and services trade. While each is undoubtedly important, they are unrelated. In this paper, I show that the services-environment link is small, for two reasons. First, services account for only a small fraction of overall pollution. For none of five major air pollutants does the service sector account for even 4% of total emissions; for three of the five services account for less than 1%. Second, those service industries that do pollute are the least likely to be traded internationally. Those services for which the United States collects and publishes international trade data—presumably those services that are traded internationally—are less polluting than services for which trade data do not exist—presumably because the services are not traded. Even if we limit attention to the services that are traded across borders, the service industries most intensively traded are the ones that pollute the least. The bottom line is simple. International services trade bears little relation to the environment, because services in general contribute relatively little to overall pollution, and those industries that are traded internationally are among the least polluting.     

国企民营化存在的风险及法律对策

按照国有经济“有进有退”的战略方针 ,一大批国有企业从相当一部分行业中退出已成为国有企业改革的重要任务之一。而要完成这项任务在具体操作上就是要使数量巨大的国有企业实行民营化改革。拟就国企民营化所产生的风险 ,从其产生的原因入手进行分析归纳 ,并提出相应的法律对策