日本思想史上的神佛关系专题

<正>神道与佛教关系是日本思想史上的一个重要课题,甚至可以说是一个核心课题。中国的日本研究者,从黄遵宪到朱谦之,都重视对这一问题的探讨。《日本国志》(1887年)中将神道、佛教、氏族、社会合在一起论述(礼俗志四),可见对神佛关系的重视。并且注意到宗教方面日本虽最重神道,但是最澄、空海时代,即"推佛于神,复援神于佛,于是日本之神无不佛矣。"到朱谦之的《日本哲学史》(1964年)更指出二者在日本"互争宗教的支配权"。后来王守华、王金林等神道研究者对神佛习合问题从"本地垂迹"说到"反本地垂迹"说,展开了论述。继承朱谦之及王守华的学统、当今日本宗教     

清末维新派的明治维新论及其对日本研究的启示

清末维新派代表人物黄遵宪、康有为、梁启超的明治维新论,虽然各有特征,但是也有其共同的理念,他们都将明治维新成功的原动力归结为豪杰之士的英雄气概这种精神因素,并强调养成这些因素之土壤无不与汉学有关。而且他们看到的多是中日文化相同的方面,尤其是中国优越于日本的方面,因此对于效法、学习日本的制度、语言都充满自信。这种"异中求同"的思维偏向阻碍了对日本文化的深入研究,也造成了在效法日本过程中出现了"拟之也弥似,而去之也弥远"的现象。今天的日本研究,应该仍然重视"同中求异",做到"诚求而善学",才能真正提升日本研究的水平。     

中日贸易的新发展、新变化及问题

新世纪以来,中日贸易规模进一步扩大,贸易商品结构也发生了新的变化。由于中国经济崛起而日本经济低迷,中国在日本对外贸易中的地位迅速提高,而日本在中国对外贸易中的地位却明显下降。中日贸易发展对中日两国经济都产生了积极的作用和影响,也存在一些不可忽视的问题,必须认真对待,尽快解决。     

论中日盆景艺术的关系及其经济效益

本文首先通过对中国盆景艺术与日本盆景艺术名称、起源的比较,重点强调出盆景艺术起源于中国,有力地推翻了盆景日本起源说;随后分析中日盆景艺术的共性与差异,以及盆景艺术的经济效益在各国的重视程度,以催促中国盆景创作者不断创新,加快盆景艺术的发展进程.     

“一带一路”框架下中日第三方市场合作的可行性与模式选择

作为当今世界两大主要经济体,中国和日本两国在经济领域存在着显著的合作空间。随着日本对"一带一路"倡议态度出现的积极转变,中日两国揭开了在第三方市场进行合作的新篇章。虽然仍然存在着许多不确定因素,但中日双方在第三方市场进行合作,不但有助于改善中日政治关系,而且有助于实现双方经济领域的互利共赢。中日在基础设施建设、金融支持和经贸往来三个方面存在第三方市场合作的可能性,利用合作博弈模型对"一带一路"框架下中日在第三方市场合作的效果进行分析,提出推进中日在第三方市场合作的四种模式。     

三十年来日本满铁研究现状述评

满铁是近代日本设于中国东北最大的殖民统治机构。日本通过满铁攫取中国的政治、经济、社会和文化等情报,控制中国交通,掠夺资源,以此达到对华殖民统治目的。日本战败后,满铁大部分文献资料留存于中国,分散于国内数十家图书馆。这批规模巨大、卷帙浩繁的满铁文献资料,是研究中国东北地方史、近现代中日关系史和东北亚国际关系史极为珍贵的第一手资料。近30年来日本学界对满铁资料及满铁史的研究取得了令人瞩目的成果,但也存在一些问题需要引起我们的重视。     

沟口雄三对中日思想概念的比较

中国的思想、文化由朝鲜半岛辗转流传入日本,经由日本民族吸收改造,呈现出崭新的形态。在中日思想比较研究的领域中,日本学者沟口雄三以概念比较为切入点,结合两国文化、社会发展的客观史实,通过文献、语源、社会调查等多元化方法,对中日哲学思想中的"天""公私""理"等概念作出了比较。通过比较,探讨了中日思想概念在文化语境中的不同诠释方式,并以此为基础,试图重新建立起对中国和日本的文化认知,同时,也提供了跨学科、跨领域文化比较研究的新思路。     

三十年来我国满铁研究现状述评

满铁（南满洲铁道株式会社）是日本设在中国最大的“国策会社”，是日本在中国搜集军事、政治、社会、文化等情报的特殊机构。日本战败后，满铁大部分资料留存于中国，分散于中国国内的数十家图书馆。这批规模巨大、卷帙浩繁的满铁资料，是我们研究东北亚近现代史、近现代中日关系史和中国东北地方史极为珍贵的第一手资料。三十年来我国的满铁文献资料，整理和出版及学术研究都取得了令人瞩目的成就，但也存在一些问题需要引起我们的重视。     

“海洋强国”与“海洋立国”:21世纪中日海权思想比较

进入21世纪,中日两强并立日趋明朗,中国从海上走出去和日本走向正常化国家的力度和速度几乎同时加大,两国的海上交集、碰撞日益激烈。21世纪初中日两国海权的国家战略设计基本清晰,都有了一系列的指导性纲要,中国的"海洋强国"与日本的"海洋立国",都是国家战略设计。但是中日两国海权的国家战略设计在孕育时间、思维基点、海洋经济基础、历史责任和未来追求上有很大的差别。"海洋强国"与"海洋立国"在国家战略目标、海权方向、治理体系上都有无可避免的碰撞。中国的"海洋强国"与日本的"海洋立国"从本质上讲是中日两国的抱负冲突。中国的发展离不开世界,世界的发展也离不开中国,中国的海洋强国之路是一条和平发展的道路,中国不做国际体系的挑战者。     

简论中日经济合作

在世界各大国的双边关系中,中日关系最富于戏剧性。古代日本谦虚向中国学习,膜拜中国的文明。学习和汲取中国文化、典章制度的劲头可谓如饥似渴,遣隋使、遣唐使冒着生命危险,远涉重洋到中国访问、学习;古代中国多用施行仁德之政为治国之本,以其博大精深的文化内涵为支撑,怀德布远,有实力而不以实力取胜,结交并友善于包括日本在内的周围各个邦国。近代中国积贫积弱,近代日本则以强凌弱,导致中日之间生灵涂炭,中国屡遭日本侵略的人间惨剧。二战以后,由于冷战而使中国和日本长时期内很少交往,互相闭关锁国,互为敌视对象。1972年以后,中日关系跨上一个新台阶,实现近代以来两国关系从未有过的历史性飞跃。"相互尊重,平等互利"等原则,成为中日发展友好关系,双方共同遵守的关系准则。     

Locating Kaliningrad And KÖNigsberg In Russian And German Collective Identity Discourses And Political Symbolism In The 750Th Anniversary Celebrations Of 2005

This article begins by briefly exploring issues of conflict and control in relation to the 750th anniversary of the city of Kaliningrad/Königsberg. An analysis of the tensions between Russian regional (Kaliningrad) and national (federal) identity discourses on the political symbolism of the 750th anniversary commemoration is offered, using Russian media reports and interviews conducted in Kaliningrad. German narratives on the political symbolism of the anniversary events and their implications for German national identity discourses are investigated via interviews conducted in Kaliningrad and Germany, German media reports, books, films and a theater production about Königsberg. Particular attention is given to the impact of the German expellee organizations on framing the discourse about Königsberg in contemporary Germany. The article will conclude by comparing and contrasting the various discourses and interpretations of the anniversary in the Kaliningrad region, Russia and Germany.     

The FBI's Role in Expelling Germans from Ecuador During the 1940s

The expulsion from Latin America of immigrants from axis countries and their descendants is an important but little‐studied episode of the Second World War. The role of the US, and in particular that of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), in their removal has largely disappeared from historical memory. This article examines how the FBI advanced US commercial interests, and in the process harmed vulnerable people who were subject to these expulsions.     

'Adorned with the Mix of Faith and Profanity that Intoxicates the People': The Festival of the Senhor do Bonfim in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 1930–19541

This essay looks at a formative period in the history of the festival of the Senhor do Bonfim, one of Salvador's most important religious festivals. The essay focuses on the public ritual washing of the Church of Bonfim and the tensions between the Catholic Church, who periodically banned the washing from the larger festival, and a variety of historical actors including politicians, journalists, authors and working-class Salvadorans whose efforts eventually contributed to the lifting of the prohibition once and for all in 1953. The author suggests that the defence of the washing both reflected and contributed to a larger hegemonic process taking place in Salvador after 1930, as actors within Salvador's dominant class accepted and even praised Afro-Bahian cultural practices, including them as integral parts of a larger Bahian identity.     

The Health of the Rurality: The Encuesta de Folklore and Popular Healing Practices in Tucumán, 1921

This article examines healing practices among the rural inhabitants of Tucumán in the opening quarter of the twentieth century through a reading of the 1921 National Folklore Survey. It argues that popular medical practices, referred to as curanderismos (popular healing), continued into the twentieth century not only as cultural practice of the popular classes but as necessity due to limited investments in public health in the rural regions on the part of the national and provincial government.     

'Brazil Needs to Change': Change as Iteration and the Iteration of Change in Brazil's 2002 Presidential Election1

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's triumph in Brazil's 2002 presidential election was construed in terms of a promise of radical change against the holders of the status quo . This article argues that in fact a more subtle political game was a stake in the election, a contest over the meaning and limits of change itself. The article examines how the various players – Lula da Silva, outgoing president Fernando Henrique Cardoso and the PSDB's presidential candidate José Serra – invoked and iterated a discourse of change to define and redefine the political dividing lines that marked out the electoral dispute and attempted to set or fix the distinctions between their political positions.     

INDIA’S DEMONETISATION: MODI’S ‘NUDGE’ TO CHANGE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

This article offers an account of the impact of Indian PM Narendra Modi’s decision in November 2016 to withdraw suddenly all Rs 500 and Rs 1000 notes from circulation in India with the avowed intent of combatting fraud, tax avoidance and other economic problems. The article assesses the impact from the demonetisation in November to the March 2017 Indian regional elections, where wide-scale victories for Modi’s political party, the BJP, appear to have vindicated his reforms. The article provides an analysis of the political background of the period, as well as looking at the economic and societal impact of the changes, including the way in which the behaviour of Indian citizens has been ‘nudged’ with particular regard to use of banking, transactions, social effects, and payment of tax.