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Law and Philosophy - 相似文献
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刑法主观主义与中国刑法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、刑法主观主义与中国当代刑法理论翻开历史画卷 ,不难发现这样一个朴素的真理———人类社会自从建立刑事法律制度以来 ,对犯罪者科以刑事责任 ,一般都是通过刑罚的力量来实现的 ,“然而科人以刑责 ,何以能实现正义 ,亦即刑事责任之理论根据如何 ,是乃刑法思想之根本问题 ,每因时代不同而异其见解。”①一般认为 ,在刑事责任之理论根据问题上 ,西方刑法学说史上最经典的对立是刑事古典学派与刑事近代学派之间的论战 ,两派争论很大程度上就是主观主义 (又称行为人主义 )与客观主义 (又称行为主义 )的对立。② 客观主义学派和主观主义学派… 相似文献
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祝圣武 《山东大学法律评论》2007,(1)
从实证研究的角度看,我国存在着两种具有法律意义的刑法解释体系:刑法有权解释体系和刑法适用解释体系。刑法适用解释对定罪量刑有着更加现实和重要的意义。刑事政策是刑法定罪量刑的基础。无论是刑法有权解释还是刑法适用解释,其内容都必须符合刑事政策的要求。 相似文献
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就目前而言,中国刑法学的表面繁荣的背后暴露出理论创新的贫乏与回应实践问题乏力的危机。所以刑法学人的首要任务,就是建立刑法学科的属于自己“专业槽”,刑法学只有成为“最精确的法律科学”,①才能有自己的核心技术与工艺流程的“专业槽”,只有最精确的刑法学,才能最精当地解决实践中棘手的刑法问题。陈兴良教授和周光权教授合作完成的《刑法学的现代展开》一书正是对此的回应。作者站在时代与学科的前沿,多维度立体式展示了两代刑法学人对超规范的刑法学的基础命题、规范刑法学的前沿问题与实践课题的最新思考,展示了理论“突围”与专业槽建设的努力。突出展示了罪刑法定原则视角转换、死刑问题的观念引领、刑事政策的深刻洞见等内容。全书“充满了人文气息及高度学术性”,是践行刑法学者使命,体现刑法学创新与突围的一部力作。 相似文献
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刑法解释的立场,就是关于刑法解释的目标的理论,即解释者在解释刑法时应该处于一个什么样的姿态,是应当固守原意来解释刑法,还是努力解释刑法使之不断适应现实社会.不同的部门法的立法价值、理念及法律规定的方式等不同.会对法律解释的立场有不同的要求.刑法是公法的代表,调整的是国家与犯罪人之间罪刑关系,直接涉及公民的重大权益如生命、自由等,刑法的规定较为明确.留给法官自由裁量的空间极其有限.因此其解释更为严格.民法作为私法的代表.体现的是当事人的意思自治,立法的规定也较为概括、抽象,与刑法存在很大的不同.刑法解释的立场应不同于民法解释,刑法解释中形式合理性更具意义,应采主观说为主、客观说为辅. 相似文献
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提起中世纪西方刑法学,"刑法文明史中的漫漫长夜","蒙昧、残酷、专制"等负面评价遮掩了其应有的光辉。其实,在陷于四分五裂的战争时期的欧洲,强调抑制原欲、注重心灵赎罪、提倡群体理性的教会刑法思想具有特殊意义的人文性与进步性。它以强大的宗教力量使得欧洲刑法观念呈现出空前整齐、划一的状态;这种历经千年积淀而成的刑法文化,维持并传承了欧洲统一的价值观念与信仰体系,对近、现代西方刑法思想的发展起着重要的提挈与引导作用。 相似文献
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Shachar Eldar 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2018,12(4):695-705
In the recently published collection, Criminal Law and the Authority of the State, two contributions allude to an analogy with parental authority as a means to a better understanding of the institution of criminal punishment, but reach different conclusions. Malcolm Thorburn uses the parental authority analogy to justify the institution of state punishment as an assertion of robust authority over offenders. Antje du Bois-Pedain uses the same analogy to advocate the idea of punishment as an inclusionary practice, designed to reintegrate offenders into society. I argue that Thorburn’s theory of robust authority is inconsistent if not self-contradictory when it tries to assume a liberal posture, and that du Bois-Pedain’s reintegrative model provides a better account of the justification and objectives of state punishment. 相似文献
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在刑事法治系统中,立法与司法是两个非常重要的子系统。研究刑法学方法,①对于这两个子系统的良性运转,进而促进刑事法治系统的良性运转,具有重要意义。一立法完善,对于中国刑事法治而言,是一项重要的制度建设工作。二十世纪八十年代以来的刑事立法,始终贯穿着这一主题。(一)立法完善的含义与意义完善之意,指(使之)完备美好。②立法完善,即通过立法程序使法律、法规进一步完备的过程与结果。刑法的立法完善亦然。废除、修改非正当、不合理的规定,增补与社会现实相适应的内容,是刑法立法完善工作的基本方式。制定立法解释,是刑法立法完善工作… 相似文献
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主观主义与中国刑法关系论纲--认真对待刑法主观主义 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
刑法主观主义作为西方刑法学说史上的重要思想,在我国刑法学界的地位却是尴尬的———刑法主观主义往往是作为被批判的对象,其本身所存在的合理内核却被人们所忽视。然而,中国传统法律思想、中国刑事立法的发展以及中国刑法的主客观相统一原则等都与刑法主观主义存在密切的联系,刑法主观主义的合理性不容抹杀,学界需要认真对待刑法主观主义。 相似文献
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我国大多数学者认为对事实的不知无害,对法律的不知有害,因而实务中对法律错误一般不予以救济。但事实上,不管是在罗马法上,还是在当代的大陆法系和英美法系,大部分国家都会对部分法律错误予以救济。而在确定何种法律错误可予以救济时,应充分考量在特定情况下对表意人"知法推定"的合理性以及表意人与第三人之间的利益衡量。 相似文献
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刑法第三百零六条规定的是辩护人、诉讼代理人毁灭证据、伪造证据、妨害作证罪,关于本罪的犯罪主体,刑法明确规定为刑事诉讼中的辩护人和诉讼代理人,刑事诉讼法又将辩护人和诉讼代理人限定在审查起诉和审判两个阶段。这一规定已远远落后于司法实践的发展,事实上在刑事诉讼的各个阶段都存在着辩护和诉讼代理活动,在这些活动中都可能发生具有相当危害性的妨害证据的行为,因此律师在刑事诉讼中的每个阶段都可能以辩护人和诉讼代理人的身份成为本罪的犯罪主体,在立法中对此予以确认也势在必行。 相似文献
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刑法解释作为联结刑事立法和刑法适用的桥梁和纽带,是揭示作为法理念的正义的重要途径。作为法律的评价体系和评价标准,正义内生于法律文本之中,而外现于法律解释之外。刑法解释的正义化要求做到:为符合解释的实质性正义,刑法解释应以理性的、客观的、公正的视角去看待并观照刑法,以达人性化和谦抑性的要求;为符合解释的形式性正义,刑法解释应满足刑法文本字义的最大射程,并在字义不能自足时,以历史和社会的眼光遵从解释的程序性原则规定;为最大化地实现刑法解释实质正义和形式正义的统一,解释者亦应维护刑法的安定与理想,促成刑法正义的实现。 相似文献
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This paper uses parallels between Sophocles Theban Playsand the House of Lords decision in Dudley and Stephens, to questionthe decision in the Erdemovi case before the International CriminalTribunal for the former Yugoslavia. One should distinguish betweencausal, moral and criminal responsibility. If a man who commitsa crime, not by the action of his free will, is to be foundguilty, we are essentially equating causal responsibility withcriminal guilt. This logic clearly does not correspond withthat of the rest of international criminal law. The storiesof Erdemovi, Oedipus, Dudley and Stephens are tragedies. Eachof the victims/perpetrators felt an overwhelming sense of remorse.Whether they should be considered morally guilty of murder isa matter of individual conscience. The International CriminalTribunal for the Former Yugoslavia majority erred in using anabsolute moral position in Erdemovi. The majority's moral condemnationof the killing of innocents was confused with the question ofwhether Erdemovi should have been criminally punished. The contentof the majority opinion is largely of an irreproachably moralisticnature, though shrouded and mystified by the discussion of precedent.More generally, the decision to try Erdemovi at the InternationalCriminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia was itself self-defeating.Erdemovi should never have stood trial at The Hague. The internationalcommunity should not aid in self-flagellation. While his actionscannot be approved of, they should not be punished internationally.He could have been helped, supported and reintegrated with fargreater benefit to all. Heroesare hard to find in an atmosphere of total terror.1 相似文献
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Kimberley Brownlee 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2013,7(1):169-178
The criminal law raises wonderfully thorny foundational questions. Some of these questions are conceptual: What is a plausible conception of crime? What is a plausible conception of criminal law? Some of these questions are genealogical: What are the historical and genealogical roots of the criminal law in a particular jurisdiction? Other questions are evaluative: What are the political and moral values on which a given conception of criminal law depends? What kind of rational reconstruction, if any, could the criminal law be given? And, finally, still other questions are exploratory and normative: Should parts of existing criminal law be abandoned? What new topics in criminal law theory need to be addressed in our globalised, technologically savvy world? The contributors to Antony Duff and Stuart P. Green’s collection Philosophical Foundations of Criminal Law tackle these questions with zeal and independent spirit. They disagree markedly with each other about what the foundational questions are. And, they disagree about how those questions should be handled. This article charts their disagreements by situating the contributors within two taxonomies. The first groups them according to their approaches to the foundational questions; the second groups them according to their modes of theorising. This double taxonomy provides a useful frame within which to analyse these competing takes on the philosophically foundational work of criminal law theory. 相似文献