共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 500 毫秒
1.
Kathleen M. Beaudoin Kimberly A. Schonert-Reichl 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(6):999-1014
This investigation addressed the question of how two forms of social cognitive reasoning – epistemic reasoning and adolescent egocentrism – interface with externalizing and internalizing forms of psychopathology during adolescence. Adolescents’ epistemic reasoning (i.e., types of belief entitlement, or degree of doubt, held by an individual when confronted with contradictory sides of an issue), and imaginary audience and personal fable ideation, were assessed in a sample of 29 adolescent boys with behavioral problems and 30 of their peers without behavioral problems. To assess internalizing and externalizing symptomatology, teachers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL-TRF). Results revealed that, compared to those without behavior problems, boys with behavioral problems were lower in epistemic reasoning. Further analyses revealed consistent relations between dimensions of social cognitive reasoning to specific forms of psychopathology. These findings suggest that social cognitive reasoning, particularly epistemic doubt, is important in understanding problem behaviors among typical and atypical adolescents.
相似文献
Kathleen M. BeaudoinEmail: |
2.
No self-report measure of attachment is well validated for middle-childhood. This study examined the validity and factor structure of the People in My Life (PIML) measure in 320 urban, fifth and sixth graders. Validity analyses consisted of correlational analyses between PIML subscales and the Child Behavior Checklist, Delinquency Rating Scale for Self and Others, Heath Resources Inventory, and Reynolds Child Depression Scale. Validity correlations were consistent with a-priori hypotheses. Confirmatory factor analyses consisted of comparison of model fit indices between seven models. Two models fit the data well and both models were consistent with the traditionally used PIML scoring protocol. Moreover, both models were consistent with the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), on which the PIML is modeled, as well as the theoretical underpinnings of attachment in childhood. The PIML and IPPA provide instruments for obtaining a continuous self-report measure of attachment from middle-childhood through adulthood.
相似文献
Mark T. GreenbergEmail: |
3.
Compounded Risk: The Implications for Delinquency of Coming from a Poor Family that Lives in a Poor Community 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Carter Hay Edward N. Fortson Dusten R. Hollist Irshad Altheimer Lonnie M. Schaible 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(5):593-605
The relationship between poverty and juvenile involvement in delinquency remains central to the study of adolescent development,
but firm conclusions on this relationship have been elusive. The purpose of this study is to address an important limitation
of prior research that often has been overlooked. This involves the standard practice of examining the poverty-delinquency
relationship with an exclusive focus on the family's level of poverty. This study considers that the effects of family poverty
on delinquency may significantly depend upon the level of poverty in the community in which the family lives. Specifically,
drawing from a number of poverty-oriented theories of delinquency, we examine the hypothesis that community poverty amplifies
the effects of family poverty, such that family poverty's effect becomes greater when community poverty also is high. Using
data from a national sample of adolescents that are supplemented with U.S. census data, we find partial support for the idea
that family poverty is consequential for delinquency, and that this is especially true for poor families that also live in
poor communities.
相似文献
Lonnie M. SchaibleEmail: |
4.
This study examined the cultural and developmental significance of maternal and paternal parenting processes (closeness, support, monitoring, communication, conflict, and peer approval) for measures of anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents from Hungary, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States (N=6,935). Across all cultural contexts, measures of maternal and paternal support and conflict were most consistently associated with measures of internalizing behaviors. Few differences were observed in the importance of individual parenting processes for anxiety or depression symptoms across cultures. Additionally, with the exception of maternal conflict for anxiety and depression symptoms and paternal closeness for depression symptoms, none of the parenting process dimensions differed in importance for internalizing behaviors across developmental periods (middle versus late adolescence). The investigation provides evidence of great similarity in developmental processes, both across cultural contexts and developmental periods.
相似文献
Alexander T. VazsonyiEmail: |
5.
Stephen M. Butler Alan Winfield Leschied Pasco Fearon 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(8):1058-1071
A focus on antisocial beliefs and attitudes has informed both the assessment and treatment literature, and practice, in youth
justice service provision. This study attempts to broaden the construct of antisocial beliefs and attitudes and reports on
the psychometric development of the Antisocial Beliefs and Attitudes Scale (ABAS). The ABAS is a new instrument for measuring
antisocial thinking in older children and adolescents, which is developmentally-sensitive, broad-based, and assesses domains
grounded in the empirical literature on childhood conduct problems and delinquency. Along with a self-reported measure of
antisocial behavior, the ABAS was administered to 425 school children aged 10–18 (M = 14.18; SD = 2.31). A meaningful factor structure emerged from our instrument with two of the three factors, Rule Non-Compliance
and Peer Conflict, predicting self-reported antisocial behavior while demonstrating sensitivity to age and gender. These findings
are encouraging in our aim to “bridge” the measurement gap, by developing a reliable and valid measure of antisocial thinking
applicable to older children and adolescents.
相似文献
Stephen M. ButlerEmail: |
6.
Development and Validation of the Adolescent Racial and Ethnic Socialization Scale (ARESS) in African American Families 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Racial and ethnic socialization are an integral part of African American parenting strategies. Varied conceptualizations and
operationalizations of racial and ethnic socialization exist within the literature with limited evidence of the validity of
existing measures. The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive definition of racial and ethnic socialization and
to validate a new measure termed the Adolescent Racial and Ethnic Socialization Scale (ARESS). Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
(CFA), findings from 218 African American adolescents (grades 9–12) support the multidimensional nature of racial and ethnic
socialization. Results also indicate that racial and ethnic socialization are distinct constructs reflecting the utility of
this instrument for African American youth.
相似文献
Tiffany L. BrownEmail: |
7.
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between child maltreatment, social support, and developmental outcomes in first-year college students. Participants were 202 undergraduate students (137 female, 65 male) who completed surveys at two time points: once before entering college and once during their first year of college. It was hypothesized that child maltreatment would predict poorer developmental outcomes in adolescence and early adulthood, but that social support would mediate this relationship. Results indicated that child maltreatment related negatively to developmental outcomes and to perceived social support; adolescent and young adult development related positively to perceived social support. In addition, a mediational model in which social support mediates child maltreatment and developmental outcomes was supported.
相似文献
Elise N. PepinEmail: |
8.
This study tested associations between adolescent perceptions of interparental conflict, adolescent attachment security with parents, and adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences. Participants were 96 early adolescent females from 2 parent families. Insecurity was examined as a mediator of the association between negative perceptions of parental conflict and romantic outcomes. Results supported the mediation model in which adolescents' negative perceptions of parental conflict was associated with insecure attachment with parents, which was in turn associated with negative marital expectations and romantic experiences. Implications for understanding how parent-adolescent and interparental variables influence adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences are discussed.
相似文献
Sara J. SteinbergEmail: |
9.
Adolescent Children of Adolescent Mothers: The Impact of Family Functioning on Trajectories of Development 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
V. Susan Dahinten Jennifer D. Shapka J. Douglas Willms 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(2):195-212
This study drew on four cycles of longitudinal data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to
examine the academic and behavioural trajectories of youth between 10 and 15 years of age as a function of maternal age at
childbearing. The analyses controlled for several family characteristics and examined the mediating effects of three family
functioning variables (maternal depression, and nurturing and rejecting parenting behaviours). Maternal age was related to
academic competency in math (standardized Math scores), externalizing disorders (Property Offences, Hyperactivity-Inattention),
and internalizing disorders (Anxiety-Emotional Disorder). After accounting for family characteristics, the children of the
young and older teen mothers retained their disadvantage in Math scores and Property Offences, respectively, whereas the children
of older mothers lost the advantages that they had exhibited at age 10 (for Property Offences, the benefits were mediated
through family functioning). These results have implications for future research and for the development of policy and programming
targeting the healthy development of youth.
相似文献
V. Susan DahintenEmail: |
10.
Erin Hiley Sharp Linda L. Caldwell John W. Graham Ty A. Ridenour 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(3):340-353
Time spent in freely chosen leisure activities offers a distinct developmental context that can support positive youth development; however this potential for growth depends in part on adolescent interest and engagement in their free time activities. Research indicates that many adolescents report experiencing boredom, instead of interest, in their free time. This study utilized longitudinal data from 354 rural middle school students to investigate how parenting practices and adolescent motivational styles influence adolescents’ experience of interest in their free time. Findings indicated that adolescent self-regulated motivation and parental knowledge related to the free time context were positively associated with experiences of interest, while adolescent amotivation and parental control were negatively associated with interest in free time. The effect of parental knowledge and parental control on adolescents’ experiences of interest was mediated by adolescent motivational styles. These results were similar across grade level and gender. Implications for interventions promoting positive youth development are discussed.
相似文献
Erin Hiley SharpEmail: |
11.
Participation in Youth Programs as a Catalyst for Negotiation of Family Autonomy with Connection 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Reed W. Larson Nickki Pearce Patrick J. Sullivan Robin L. Jarrett 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(1):31-45
Current research and theory suggest that the healthy path of autonomy development involves gradual negotiation of adolescents’
independence within a context of continued family connection. This theory-generating study examined the role that adolescents’ participation
in youth programs plays in these adolescent-parent negotiations. Qualitative data from high-school-aged youth in 12 programs
and from a sub-sample of parents were analyzed employing methods of grounded theory. These analyses suggest that program participation
provides a pathway of opportunities for youth to exercise individual choice and develop qualities of self-reliance with parental
approval. In turn, parents’ observation of self-reliance in the program and youth's demonstration of these qualities in family
interactions can lead to changes in adolescent-parent relationships that provide youth greater family autonomy with connection.
相似文献
Robin L. JarrettEmail: |
12.
Melinda S. Harper Joseph W. Dickson Deborah P. Welsh 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(3):435-443
This study examined the link between rejection sensitivity, self-silencing behaviors, and depressive symptomatology among adolescent dating couples. Self-silencing was hypothesized to be the process mediating the association between rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms. Our sample included 211 couples between 14 and 21 who were dating at least 4 weeks. Results indicated that dating adolescents who were sensitive to rejection reported more depressive symptomatology and higher levels of self-silencing behaviors within their romantic relationship compared to dating adolescents who were not so sensitive to rejection. Self-silencing was identified as a partial mediator of the association between rejection sensitivity and depressive symptomatology among dating adolescents. Clinical implications in light of these findings are discussed.
相似文献
Melinda S. Harper (Assistant professor)Email: |
13.
A growing body of research has linked exposure to violence to violent behavior, but few studies have examined the impact of the timing of exposure to violence on violent behavior among inner city, minority youth. Theoretical insights derived from developmental psychology and psychopathology (DPP) and Agnew’s general strain theory (GST) give contrasting accounts of whether exposure to violence has a short term or long term impact on violent behavior. Five waves of data collected from African American youth living in twelve high poverty inner city neighborhoods was used to examine how the timing of exposure to violence over a four year time period impacts year five violent behavior. Multivariate results support GST’s contention that more proximal exposure to violence has a larger impact on violent behavior. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for adolescent development in high poverty settings are discussed.
相似文献
Richard SpanoEmail: |
14.
Ailsa Henderson Steven D. Brown S. Mark Pancer Kimberly Ellis-Hale 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(7):849-860
In 1999, the Ontario provincial government introduced into its high school curriculum a requirement that students complete
40 h of volunteer community service before graduation. At the same time, the high school curriculum was shortened from five
years to four. Consequently, the 2003 graduating class of Ontario high school students contained two cohorts, the first of
the 4-year cohorts that was compelled to complete a mandated community service requirement, and the last of the 5-year cohorts
that was not. Using a quasi-experimental design, we surveyed 1768 first-year university students in terms of their perceptions
and attitudes about the nature and amount of previous volunteering, attitudes towards community service, current service involvement
and other measures of civic and political engagement. Comparisons of the two cohorts indicate that, while there were discernible
differences between the two cohorts in terms of their past record of community service, there were no differences in current
attitudes and civic engagement that might plausibly be attributed to participation in the mandatory service program. Results
are discussed with relation to the current debate concerning the impact of mandatory volunteering policies on intrinsic motivation
to volunteer.
相似文献
Kimberly Ellis-HaleEmail: |
15.
Patrick Pössel Simone Seemann Stefanie Ahrens Martin Hautzinger 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(5):842-851
In Dodge's model of “social information processing” depression is the result of a linear sequence of five stages of information processing (Annu Rev Psychol 44: 559–584, 1993). These stages follow a person's reaction to situational stimuli, such that each stage of information processing mediates the relationship between earlier and later stages. Because support for the social information processing model of depression has mainly come from retrospective examination of the literature (Annu Rev Psychol 44: 559–584, 1993), we conducted a three wave prospective study including 92 adolescents without lifetime or current depression. Depressive symptoms and information processing were assessed by using well established measures employed in previous studies. The social information processing model was supported by cross-sectional results of our study. Based on prospective data we could only partially support the mediation hypotheses of the model. We discuss our unexpected results in light of limitation, including applied measures and sample characteristics.
相似文献
Martin HautzingerEmail: |
16.
The Skinny on Body Dissatisfaction: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Girls and Boys 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
The present study tested whether theoretically derived risk factors predicted increases in body dissatisfaction and whether gender moderated these relations with data from a longitudinal study of 428 adolescent girls and boys because few prospective studies have examined these aims, despite evidence that body dissatisfaction increases risk for various psychiatric disturbances. Body dissatisfaction showed significant increases for girls and significant decreases for boys during early adolescence. For both genders, parental support deficits, negative affectivity, and self-reported dietary restraint showed significant relations to future increases in body dissatisfaction. Ideal body internalization and body mass index did not demonstrate significant relations to future increases in body dissatisfaction; peer support deficits showed a marginal relation to this outcome. Gender did not moderate these relations, despite adequate power to detect interactive effects.
相似文献
Sarah Kate BearmanEmail: |
17.
Pubertal Effects on Adjustment in Girls: Moving from Demonstrating Effects to Identifying Pathways 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Julia A. Graber Jeanne Brooks-Gunn Michelle P. Warren 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(3):391-401
The present investigation examines mediated pathways from pubertal development to changes in depressive affect and aggression. Participants were 100 white girls who were between the ages of 10 and 14 (M=12.13, SD=.80); girls were from well-educated, middle- to upper-middle class families, and attended private schools in a major northeastern urban area. Three aspects of pubertal development were examined: (a) estradiol categories tapping gonadal maturation; (b) dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels indicating adrenal maturation; and (c) pubertal timing (early vs. other). Three potential mediators were also examined: emotional arousal, attention difficulties, and negative life events. Tests of mediated models indicated that early pubertal timing predicted higher emotional arousal which subsequently predicted increased depressive affect. Negative life events, and possibly attention difficulties, mediated the associations of both estradiol category and DHEAS with aggression. These findings highlight the potential for more intensive investigation of gonadal and adrenal processes in explaining affective changes at puberty.
相似文献
Julia A. Graber (Associate Professor)Email: |
18.
Angela T. Clarke 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(1):10-23
This meta-analysis examines the relationship between active coping and psychosocial health among youth. Results from 40 studies
of coping with interpersonal stress were synthesized using a random-effects model. Four areas of psychosocial functioning
were examined: externalizing and internalizing behavior problems, social competence, and academic performance. The magnitude
of the relationship between active coping and psychosocial functioning was small, with correlations ranging from 0.02 for
internalizing behavior to 0.12 for academic performance. Mean effects were moderated by stressor controllability: youth who
used active coping in response to controllable stressors had fewer externalizing problems and higher social competence, as
compared to those who used active coping in response to uncontrollable stressors. Implications for primary prevention programs
and directions for future research on child and adolescent coping are discussed.
相似文献
Angela T. Clarke (Clinical Psychologist)Email: |
19.
Nancy L. Galambos Johanna Darrah Joyce Magill-Evans 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(6):825-834
This study examined subjective age (how old one feels) and associated variables in 148 emerging adults, ages 20–30 years.
Seventy-six participants had a motor disability (cerebral palsy, spina bifida) and 72 had no motor disability. Participants
completed questionnaires and were interviewed. There was no significant difference in subjective age between groups. Consistent
with previous research, chronological and subjective ages were significantly negatively related in participants without motor
disabilities. Chronological and subjective ages were unrelated in the group with motor disabilities but higher psychosocial
maturity was related to an older subjective age. Perceptions of how much parents fostered autonomy did not predict subjective
age in either group. In both groups, individuals whose parents treated them as younger reported feeling younger. Number of
role transitions did not predict subjective age. The results highlight the importance of exploring motor disabilities as a
source of diversity in the subjective ages of young people during the transition to adulthood.
相似文献
Nancy L. GalambosEmail: |
20.
The current study explored how body dissatisfaction and challenges associated with the transition to university predicted
symptoms of binge eating. Participants were 101 female full-time first-year university students (M=18.3 years of age; SD=.50) who completed a background questionnaire and a web-based daily checklist assessing binge eating. Hierarchical Generalized
Linear Modeling results showed that participants who were more dissatisfied with their bodies were three times as likely to
report symptoms of binge eating compared to participants who were less dissatisfied. Participants who lived away from home
were three times as likely to report symptoms of binge eating compared to participants living with parents. Finally, poor
perceived social adjustment to the university context was associated with an increased likelihood of binge eating. Discussion
calls for more research exploring the role that university challenges and adjustment play in predicting eating problems.
相似文献
Erin T. BarkerEmail: |