创新地方高校品格与公民教育的若干思考

在改革开放助推中国经济快速发展的同时,地方高校品格与公民教育却并未有效跟进,正确认识地方高校品格与公民教育的现状、主体、原则,理清思路,创新我国教育机制是目前亟待解决的课题。     

公民教育的内涵以及我国公民教育的时代要求

公民教育是一个国家得以凝聚、延续、稳定的根本。如何在我国的现代化进程中实施公民教育成为需要迫切解决的理论和实践问题。当前,公民意识淡薄、社会公德意识及参与技能欠缺问题,制约着我国各项事业的健康发展。在分析公民教育的含义的基础上,分析我国公民教育领域的认识偏差及其纠正,展望我国公民教育的发展趋势。     

英格兰中学公民教育课之我见

正如大多数欧洲国家一样,英国也十分重视中小学生公民资格(citizenship)的培养。然而,令人费解的是,公民教育从其出现到推行再到正式成为英国国家课程,一直饱受争议。公民教育课作为满足国家社会发展需要、个人发展需要以及培养世界公民需要的重要课程,它的存在意义是毋庸置疑的。同时,公民教育课对我国的德育课的发展有很大的借鉴意义。     

浅论中美高校思想政治教育方式之异同

在美国思想政治教育被称作＂公民教育＂。美国高校的思想政治教育方式与我国高校思想政治教育方式在课堂讲授、课外活动的开展、校园文化建设、社会环境作用等方面存在相同之处;在课堂讲授方式、课程设置、心理咨询、宗教教育等方面存在一定的差异,我们通过对其比较、鉴别,取长补短,从而促进我国大学生思想政治教育方式的创新与发展。     

美国高校通识教育的公民教育功能及其启示

美国高校通过推行通识教育以促进国家的公民教育,其合理性在于通识教育与公民教育具有目标一致性、路径共通性。美国通识教育的公民教育功能提升路径如下:合理改革通识教育内容,突出公民教育的时代性;培养优秀通识教育队伍,提升公民教育的高效性;注重提升通识教育认同,落实公民教育的实践性。美国通识教育的公民教育功能对我国通识教育发展的启示在于:树立合理目标,为通识教育的实施指明正确方向;明确课程定位,注重课程内容思想性与趣味性的统一;优化课程结构,坚持实践课程与理论课程的有机融合。     

促进思想政治教育向公民教育延伸

随着改革开放和社会主义市场经济深入发展,公民社会在我国逐渐兴起.但是,我国与全面成熟的公民社会还有相当距离,公民意识的培养、公民教育的普及与发展任务还相当艰巨.在目前我国尚未建立起完备的公民教育体系的情况下,充分发挥思想政治教育的公民教育功能,促进思想政治教育向公民教育延伸,就成为一个极富理沦意义和实践意义的崭新课题.     

试论全球化背景下公民教育的特征及价值追求

在全球化背景下研究公民教育的特征与价值追求,是实现公民素质提升的重要途径。通过探讨全球化背景下公民教育的特征及价值追求,对当代我国公民教育体系进行了构建,提出了我国公民教育的基本价值追求,即民主法制精神、公共精神与理性精神这三方面。民主法制精神是我国公民教育核心价值追求;公共精神属于我国公民教育目标,该目标的实现需树立公众的公民意识,为公民教育的发展培育良好的土壤;理性精神体现在公民主体精神方面,属于公民教育的基本价值取向。     

法治发展与公民教育的互动关系——从我国当前法制建设发展与公民教育的发展来看

法治发展与公民教育存在着休戚与共的关联,法制建设对于公民教育的法律地位的保证有着直接明确的影响;而公民教育对于法制建设又有着反作用,为民主法治发展奠定优越的发展环境。从我国的法制建设发展历程不难看出,经过五次宪法的修改,最终在我国特色社会主义建设的新时期的迫切要求下,公民教育随着社会主义民主和法制建设的不断完善有了一个长足发展。公民教育的深入发展,也为新时期社会主义民主和法治发展创造了更有利的公民社会环境。     

论我国基础教育阶段的学校公民教育

一个国家公民素质的高低反映其民主与文明的程度高低,高素质的公民是推动民主社会发展的重要因素,所以,培养高素质的公民是重要的国策。公民素质的提高,一方面有赖于公民社会的制度建设,另一方面有赖于各级各类学校具体的公民教育的实施。我国学校公民教育比较薄弱,不适应民主与法制社会的发展,发展我国学校公民教育势在必行。     

论江泽民科学教育观及当代价值

江泽民同志以社会主义现代化建设为落脚点,从发展科学技术和全面提高公民科学素养的需要出发,提出了发展科学教育的重要观点。江泽民的科学教育观内容丰富、系统完整,概括而言包括科学教育的战略地位、科学教育的总体目标和科学教育的实践基础三方面内容。江泽民的科学教育观对于发展我国科学技术、提高公民的科学素养和全社会的科学教育水平,具有重大的指导意义。     

显微日本近代公民教育的形成

日本社会于近代自上而下发生了质变,朝资本主义方向全面西化,其公民教育方面也不例外。从分析日本公民教育的历史背景、展开历程以及存在的问题,来深入了解日本的公民教育发展状况。     

The Prewar School Civic Education Policy in Hong Kong： A Historical Comparative Analysis

The civic education policy at the school level in Hong Kong had emerged before the Second World War, but the Hong Kong Education Department did not really implement this civic education policy. From the statist and colonial perspectives, this phenomenon was due to several factors, such as： （1） how the Hong Kong Government coped with the whole historical period and scenarios; （2） how it implemented the related policy; （3） whether civic education policy really became part of the government agendas; and （4） whether education did clarify some crucial historical questions. This paper wants to make certain about these questions. In fact, the Republic of China adopted modern schooling system which civic education was one of school subject. But it was not the education policy of the colonial Hong Kong Government. Historical reasons about this issue require reconstructive explanation. Under this study, the understanding of misinterpreted history can be amended correctly.     

Voice in the Classroom: How an Open Classroom Climate Fosters Political Engagement Among Adolescents

Does civics instruction have an impact on the political engagement of adolescents? If so, how? Analysis of data from CIVED, a major study of civic education conducted in 1999, finds that an open classroom climate has a positive impact on adolescents’ civic knowledge and appreciation of political conflict, even upon controlling for numerous individual, classroom, school, and district characteristics. Furthermore, an open classroom environment fosters young people’s intention to be an informed voter. Results further show that exposure to an open classroom climate at school can partially compensate for the disadvantages of young people with low socioeconomic status.     

Civic Education,Political Discussion,and the Social Transmission of Democratic Knowledge and Values in a New Democracy: Kenya 2002

How does civic education affect the development of democratic political culture in new democracies? Using a unique three‐wave panel data set from Kenya spanning the transitional democratic election of 2002, we posit a two‐step process of the social transmission of democratic knowledge, norms, and values. Civic education first affected the knowledge, values, and participatory inclinations of individuals directly exposed to the Kenyan National Civic Education Programme (NCEP). These individuals became opinion leaders, communicating these new orientations to others within their social networks. Individuals who discussed others’ civic education experiences then showed significant growth in democratic knowledge and values, in many instances more than individuals with direct exposure to the program. We find further evidence of a “compensation effect,” such that the impact of civic education and post‐civic education discussion was greater among Kenyans with less education and with lower levels of social integration.     

Type of education and voter turnout – Evidence from a register-based panel

The relationship between education length and voter turnout has been one of the most studied in the political participation literature in recent decades. However, few studies focus on education type, and most of the existing research on this topic relies on cross-sectional data. In the current study, we utilize a large register-based panel dataset to investigate the effect of education type. We find no effects of education type when investigating overall types of education, but we find substantial effects when examining a specific type of education program with a particularly high civic content.     

发达国家性教育模式对中国学校性教育的启示

在全球化大背景下,学校的性教育问题引起世界各国越来越多的关注。作为性教育先行的欧洲发达国家,性教育模式也是多种多样。我国的学校性教育起步较晚,近年来,学校性教育的状况也令人堪忧。我国应当借鉴发达国家学校性教育的成果,从我国国情出发,探索出切实有效的学校性教育模式和可行性措施,这对于解决我国学校性教育现状的困境有着重要的实际意义。     

An Organization of the Theoretical Perspectives in the Field of Civic and Political Participation: Contributions to Citizenship Education

This article provides a review of the theoretical perspectives on civic and political participation. Four distinct views were identified in the literature: (a) The orthodox view: “Civic and political participation are always positive”; (b) The broad view: “Civic and political participation are multidimensional”; (c) The qualitative view: “Civic and political participation are not always good”; and (d) The nonconformist view: “The need to redeem the political dimension of participation.” This article intends to sophisticate simplistic assumptions about civic and political participation and to provide an original organization of the theoretical perspectives in this field. Based on this analysis, this article presents suggestions for an alternative approach to citizenship education.     

The MISSING LINK: Exploring the Relationship Between Higher Education and Political Engagement

Empirical political behavior research has consistently observed a robust and positive relationship between education and political engagement, but has failed to adequately explain why education is so important. Using data from the Baccalaureate and Beyond (B&B) Longitudinal Study, I test three competing hypotheses explaining the enduring link between higher education and political behavior. I find that a verbal SAT scores and a social science curriculum are related to future political engagement, suggesting that the content of higher education, especially a curriculum that develops language and civic skills, is influential in shaping participation in American democracy. Analysis for this article relied on restricted-use data from the National Center for Education Statistics. Application procedures for obtaining an NCES restricted data license to access theBaccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study are available at http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/b&b/. Replication code and supplemental variables (including school quality) are available onthe authors website.     

Making civic engagement go viral: Applying social epidemiology principles to civic education

This paper explores the connections between education for youth civic engagement and theories and strategies from public health (specifically, epidemiology). We illustrate this with four applications of epidemiologic theory to youth civic engagement: social determinants and fundamental causes, vulnerable populations and cumulative disadvantage, positive spillover, and herd immunity and critical mass. Formalizing concepts of current civics, in schools and the public, as a civic epidemic, we present a case for individual‐ and group‐level interventions based around targeted, school‐based, effective civic education initiatives. Grounded in epidemiological theory, such approaches call attention to the simultaneous need to improve broad civics education and ensure that particular populations receive necessary attentions.     

Moral Virtue and the Limits of the Political Community in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics

The recovery of Aristotle's view of the political community as guardian of the common good and moral educator has fueled a continuing debate about civic education and virtue. In focusing on the relation of virtue to the common good and that of the individual, however, this debate has obscured Aristotle's insight into virtue's status as an independent end. I argue that by taking account of this dimension of virtue, Aristotle's discussion of the particular moral virtues in the Nicomachean Ethics clarifies the nature and limits of civic education and shows that the full question of the human good emerges only with an investigation of the political community's highest and noblest pedagogic aims.