侦查讯问压力策略浅论

犯罪嫌疑人在讯问过程中抗拒审讯的心理基础是其构造的心理平衡。要取得讯问的圆满成功,就必须通过各种手段施加持续压力和心理刺激,打破犯罪嫌疑人的心理平衡。讯问中打破犯罪嫌疑人心理平衡的策略主要有使用证据策略、情感沟通策略、影响心理策略。     

论讯问技巧在侦查取证中的运用

侦查取证中的讯问技巧,是指侦查人员对犯罪嫌疑人进行讯问时。为突破犯罪嫌疑人的心理防线,促使其如实供述犯罪事实,所采取的诸多讯问策略和方法的总称。侦查人员“初讯”犯罪嫌疑人时,正确运用讯问技巧,对突破案件,固定证据,扩大线索等侦查活动有着非常重要的作用。     

侦查讯问中的语言艺术

侦查讯问工作是一项讯问人员与犯罪嫌疑人之问进行的一种语言交际活动.讯问语言具有直接对抗性和灵活性的特点,它是建立与犯罪嫌疑人心理联系的基础.在具体的讯问活动中要灵活地采用不同类型的讯问语言并注意讯问语言着重强调的事项.     

讯问辅助方法在转化讯问对象拒供动机中的功能

讯问对象的拒供动机是形成“讯问难”的重要因素。讯问对象的拒供动机形成因素主要来自于讯问人员和讯问对象自身两个方面;按照常态和变态心理因素分为现实性拒供动机和心理拒供动机。侦查讯问辅助方法在转化讯问现实性拒供动机的功能在于减弱讯问对象拒供的心理需要,明确或强化其供述需求,提供诱因,创设有利于讯问对象形成供述决意的情境;在转化心理拒供动机中的功能在于利用讯问对象心理病态特征,刺激讯问对象的挫折情绪,突破忍耐极限,导致心理崩溃,从而走向供述。     

制定讯问策略中对于犯罪嫌疑人心理弱点的研究

讯问中制定策略需要严格的针对性,就是要针对犯罪嫌疑人的心理弱点展开,策略才能见效;那么研究犯罪嫌疑人的心理弱点就成了制定讯问策略首先需要解决的课题。从心理学的视角出发,通过对犯罪嫌疑人的气质、性格和情绪的研究而找出其心理弱点,可以帮助讯问人员制定科学的讯问策略。     

利用矛盾讯问法的理论解析与操作实务

在侦查讯问中,通过利用矛盾来揭露犯罪嫌疑人的谎言,瓦解其拒供心理,迫使其如实供述罪行,是当前我国侦查讯问实践中最为主要的三种基础性方法之一。但也无须讳言,当前,关于侦查讯问中利用矛盾的理论研究明显滞后于侦查讯问实践的需求,使得侦查人员对侦查讯问中在如何利用矛     

试论讯问过程中对犯罪嫌疑人心理的控制——以畏罪心理为例

在审讯中,导致犯罪嫌疑人形成拒供心理的因素有许多种,其中畏罪心理为常见的一种。畏罪心理占主导地位的嫌疑人常常有情绪消极、趋利避害等表现。对此,讯问人员可通过情感交流、证据展示、法律宣讲、案例分析、人文关怀等方式,对嫌疑人的心理进行干扰和控制,从而促使其形成供述心理。     

略论贪污贿赂罪案的审讯

审讯是检察机关办理贪污、贿赂等职务犯罪案件在预审阶段依法讯问犯罪嫌疑人的一项重要侦查活动。研究和准确掌握贪污、贿赂罪案犯罪嫌疑人在审讯时的心理现象和心理变化,以及产生这些心理现象和心理变化的因素,并适时运用科学、巧妙的审讯方法和策略,突破犯罪嫌疑人的心理防线,是搞好审讯工作、促使犯罪嫌疑人认罪服法的重要途径之一。     

自侦案件讯问工作中犯罪嫌疑人的心理变化过程及对策

谢峻刚 摘要本文指出在职务犯罪讯问过程中,犯罪嫌疑人的心理变化一般要经历试探摸底、对抗相持、动摇反复和供述罪行四个阶段,侦查人员需要掌握四个阶段的规律性,依靠良好的讯问技巧,方能成功讯问嫌疑人。     

讯问过程九忌

侦查讯问实质上是审讯人员与犯罪嫌疑人斗智斗勇的心理攻防战,是对审讯人员智慧、心理、经验的综合检阅和测试。本文对审讯人员在讯问中易犯的错误进行分析,以期对实践有所裨益。     

Police interrogation

Abstract

We describe a study of more than 1000 interrogations by Metropolitan Police Officers. Obtaining a confession is found to be the paramount reason for interviewing a suspect. However, few suspects who did not initially confess changed their minds during the interview. 42% of suspects admitted their guilt—about the same number as obtained before tape recording of interviews was introduced. Strength of evidence and legal advice were the principal factors associated with confessing. The confession rate also varied according to which police station hosted the “interview”. An “accusatorial” style of questioning was associated with the possession of strong evidence against the suspect.     

Recent Supreme Court of Canada rulings on criminal defendants' right to counsel

The Supreme Court of Canada recently issued a trilogy of decisions pertaining to suspects' right to legal representation. These rulings further a major difference between the US and Canadian law: Canadian criminal suspects have far less access to legal counsel than suspects in the USA. This paper summarizes these decisions and draws comparisons between Canadian and the US criminal procedure with respect to a suspect's rights to legal representation. We present preliminary data on Canadian citizens' misunderstanding of criminal suspects' right to counsel and also Canadian legal professionals' opinions about the right to counsel. We recommend empirical investigation of the hypothesis that Canadian suspects are more likely than the US suspects to make false confessions.     

Differences in personality and mental state between suspects and witnesses immediately after being interviewed by the police

Abstract

There is increased recognition that people interviewed by the police are often psychologically vulnerable due to modest intelligence, mental health problems, disturbed mental state, and personality problems. The current study aimed to investigate differences in the mental state and personality between suspects and witnesses. The participants were 78 individuals (47 suspects and 31 witnesses) who had been interviewed by the Icelandic police. They were assessed psychologically immediately after the interview with the police was completed. Significant differences emerged between the two groups with the suspects being more depressed, hopeless, compliant and personality disordered than the witnesses. Four of the suspects claimed to have made a false confession to the police due to their immediate need or psychological problems.     

Comparing the effects of explicit and implicit false-evidence ploys on Mock Jurors' verdicts,sentencing recommendations,and perceptions of police interrogation

In police interrogation, an explicit false claim to have evidence raises important legal and constitutional questions. Therefore, some interrogation manuals recommend implicit false-evidence ploys (FEP) that ask suspects about potential evidence without making a direct claim to possess the evidence. Similar to the hypotheses in a recent study of implicit FEP and confession rates, we hypothesized that individuals would perceive implicit FEP as less coercive and deceptive when compared to explicit FEP that involve direct claims of false evidence. Although mock jurors rated all FEP as highly deceptive and coercive and as more deceptive than controls, we found that participants did not view implicit and explicit FEP differently and that ploy specificity (implicit or explicit) failed to affect verdicts or recommended sentences. These findings suggest that although interrogation trainers and scholars in law and psychology discriminate between the methods, jurors do not.     

关于口供价值的理性思考

口供是刑事诉讼中一种非常重要的证据,关于口供的运用问题是目前司法理论界和实务界均在探讨的一个重要问题。本文从功能角度对口供进行剖析,进而对我国立法和司法对待口供的态度进行了反思,并在此基础上提出相关改革建议。     

人权保障视野中讯问方法的合法运用

讯问犯罪嫌疑人作为收集证据的重要途径在其方法上受到人权保障原则的制约,讯问方法的运用因此不得不面临人权保障与发现案件事实真相的目标冲突。讯问合法性的实质标准在于保证犯罪嫌疑人供述的自愿性,但纯粹的、彻底的自愿供述不可能是讯问合法性的绝对标准。为兼顾人权保障与侦查效率,我们既要确立任何人不被强迫自证其罪的原则,也要鼓励犯罪嫌疑人如实供述,并允许运用可能对供述自愿性构成轻微损害的讯问方法。     

解析犯罪心理画像技术在侦查讯问中的应用

犯罪心理画像技术作为一项特殊的刑事侦查技术已经广泛应用于刑事侦查领域，并在侦查的各个阶段都发挥着重要的作用，尤其是在侦查讯问阶段可以帮助讯问人员对犯罪嫌疑人进行准确评估并为讯问方案的制定提供参考，可以帮助讯问人员准确了解嫌疑人的心理行为特征并进行针对性的审讯等，但是在应用过程中要注意克服影响犯罪心理画像准确性的主、客观因素。     

翻供、逼供与沉默权的法理性透视

翻供 ,是近年来刑事司法活动中比较突出的一个问题。翻供与逼供有着内在的、不可分割的联系。而沉默权制度的设立 ,无疑能够有力地根治逼供、消除翻供     

浅析“双规”期间的交待与自首认定之关系

司法实践中,检察机关基本上都将犯罪嫌疑人在党的纪检部门采取“双规”措施期间的如实交待认定为自首。犯罪嫌疑人“双规”期间的如实交待能否认定为自首,判断的标准应是其交待的行为是否符合自首成立的条件以及自首制度的立法本意。只有严格区分“双规”期间交待的不同情形,才能准确做出自首认定。