‘Among ministers,mavericks and mandarins’: Britain,covert action and the Yemen civil war

The Beginning and the End by Naguib Mahfouz, translated by Ramses Hanna Awad and edited by Mason Rossiter Smith. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1985. Pp.379. $7.95.

The Search by Naguib Mahfouz, translated by Mohamed Islam and edited by Magdi Wahba. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1987. Pp.126. $8.95.

The Beggar by Naguib Mahfouz, translated by Kristin Walker Henry and Nariman Khales Naili al‐Warraki. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1986. Pp. 124. $7.95.

Banking and Oil: The History of the British Bank of the Middle East by Geoffrey Jones. Volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 1987. Pp.380. £40.

Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920–1945 by Philip Khoury. London: I.B. Tauris and Co. 1987. Pp.698. £37.50.

Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan 1800–1980 by Norman N. Lewis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Futile Diplomacy, volume two: Arab‐Zionist negotiations and the End of the Mandate by Neil Caplan. London: Frank Cass, 1986. Pp.358, including documents, bibliography and index. £27.50.

The Dynamics of Inflation in Iran: 1960–1977 by Azizollah Ikani. The Netherlands: Tilburg University Press, 1987. DFL 42.40.     

The office of Seyh ül‐Islâm and the Tanzimat— a prosopographic enquiry

Imperialism and Nationalism in the Sudan, a study in constitutional and political development 1899–1956 by Muddathir ‘Abd al‐Rahim. London: Oxford University Press, 1969. Pp. 275 + xv, Appendixes: i‐ix, Index, Bibliography; £3·15.

The Politics of Stratification: a study of political change in a South Arabian town by Abdalla S. Bujra. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973. Pp. xvi + 201; 5 plates; £2·75.

Economic Development in Iran, 1900–1970 by Julian Bharier. London: Oxford University Press, 1971. Pp. xviii + 314; £3·75.

The Ways of the Desert by General E. Daumas, with commentaries by The Emir Abd‐el‐Kader; translated by Sheila M. Ohlendorf; foreword by Robert A. Fernea. Austin and London: University of Texas Press, 1971. Pp. 193; $6·75.

The Children of Israel: The Bene Israel of Bombay by Schifra Strizower. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1971. Pp. xiv + 176; £1·25.

Tajribati fi‐th‐thawra (My Experience in Revolution), Vol. I by General Muhammad Umran. Beirut, 1970.

Sayyid Jamal ad‐Din ‘al‐Afghani’: A Political Biography by Nikki R. Keddie, University of California Press. Pp. xvii + 479, frontispiece, bibliography, index; £9 ·00.     

Boundaries delimitation: Palestine and Trans‐Jordan

The Struggle for Kurdistan was brought out by a Soviet historian of unusual ability named N. A. Khalfin. This was in 1963.

Kurdistan and the Kurdish Problem by M. S. Lazarev, Moscow, 1964

The Rising of the Kurds in 1880 (Vosstaniye Kurdov 1880 goda) by Dzhalile Dzhalil Dzhasimovich, Moscow, 1966;

The Economic Development of Persia by I. I. Palyukaytis, Moscow, 1966.

Mediaeval Philosophy of the Peoples of the Near and Middle East by S. N. Grigoryan, Moscow, 1966     

Tribes,states and anthropologists

Nomads and the Outside World by A.M. Khazanov, translated by Julia Crookenden with a foreword by Ernest Gellner. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. Pp. xxvii + 369. £37.50.

The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan edited by Richard Tapper. London: Croom Helm, 1983, Pp. 463. £19.95.

Khans and Shahs. A Documentary Analysis of the Bakhtiyari in Iran by Gene R. Garthwaite. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Pp. xiii + 213,, plus microfiche. £25.00.     

Turkey's entrance into the League of Nations

The Making of the Modern Near East, 1792–1923 by M.E. Yapp. London, 1987. Pp. xii + 404. £14.99. The Near East since the First World War by M.E. Yapp. London: Longman, 1991. Pp. xvii + 526. £15.99.

Historical Discord in the Nile Valley by Gabriel R. Warburg. London: Hurst &; Co., 1992. Pp. xv + 210 pages, maps and photographs. £27.50.

British Romantic Writers and the East: Anxieties of Empire by Nigel Leask. Cambridge Studies in Romanticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. £35.00.

The Middle East on the Eve of Modernity; Aleppo in the Eighteenth Century by Abraham Marcus. New York, Columbia University Press, 1989. Pp. xvi + 418. Maps, appendix, glossary, bibliography and index. US$ 17.

The Making of the Arab‐Israeli Conflict, 1947–1951 by Ilan Pappé. London: I.B. Taurus, 1992. Pp.324.

Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate by Leila Ahmed. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1992. Pp.viii + 296. $30.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: A HISTORY OF THE PHILLIP DISTRICT: Victoria Before Separation By A. G. L Shaw. NORTHERN TERRITORY DICTIONARY OF BIOGRAPHY Volume 3 Edited by David Carment and Helen J. Wilson. THE WAR DIARIES OF EDDIE ALLAN STANTON By Hank Nelson. HARTNETT: PORTRAIT OF A TECHNOCRATIC BRIGAND By Joe Rich. SUSPECT HISTORY: Manning Clark and the Future of Australia's Past By Humphrey McQueen. THE MIGHTY WAVE: The 1798 Rebellion in Wexford Edited by Dáire Keogh and Nicholas Furlong. ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND IN THE AGE OF REVOLUTION: Planting the Green Bough By E. W. McFarland. POLITICAL WRITINGS OF THE 1790s Edited by Gregory Claeys. THE THUNDERBOLT OF REASON By Graham Bain. THE WORKS OF JOHN RUSKIN ON CD-ROM Edited by E. T. Cook and Alexander Wedderburn. The library edition re-issued with an introduction by Michael Wheeler and a history of the library edition by James S. Dearden. FRANCE ABROAD Edited by Robert Aldrich and Isabelle Merle. EUROPE: Retrospects and Prospects Edited by John Perkins and Jürgen Tampke. PROPAGANDA AND CENSORSHIP DURING CANADA'S GREAT WAR By Jeffrey A. Keshen. THE PEOPLE'S REPRESENTATIVES: Electoral Systems in the Asia-Pacific Region Edited by Graham Hassall and Cheryl Saunders. LEGITIMATING THE CHINESE ECONOMIC REFORMS: A Rhetoric or Myth and Orthodoxy By Alan R. Kluver IDEOLOGY AND ECONOMIC REFORM UNDER DENG XIAOPING: 1978–1993 By Wei-Wei Zhang. ECOLOGY AND EMPIRE: Environmental History of Settler Societies Edited by Tom Griffiths & Libby Robin. GLOBALISATION AND REGIONAL COMMUNITIES: Geoeconomic, Sociocultural and Security Implications for Australia Edited by Donald H. McMillen. MANY ARE CHOSEN: Divine Election and Western Nationalism Edited by William R. Hutchison and Hartmut Lehmann. EQUITY AND DEVELOPMENT ACROSS NATIONS: Political and Fiscal Realities Edited by Christine Fletcher. RULERS AND RULED: An Introduction to Classical Political Theory from Plato to the Federalists By Irving M. Zeitlin.     

Book notes

King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan by Mary C.Wilson. Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Pp.xxii + 289, index. £25

War and Intervention in Lebanon: The Israeli‐Syrian Deterrence Dialogue, by Yair Evron; London and Sydney, Croom Helm, 1987; pp.x–246.

The Palestinian Entity 1959–1974: Arab politics and the PLO, by Moshe Shemesh; London, Frank Cass, 402 pp.1988. £35.00.

Jerusalem in the 19th Century: The Old City by Yehoshua Ben‐Arieh. Jerusalem: Yad Itzhak Ben Zvi; New York: St Martin's Press, 1984. Pp.438, index. No price given. Jerusalem in the 19th Century: Emergence of the New City by Yehoshua Ben‐Arieh. Jerusalem: Yad Itzhak Ben Zvi; New York: St Martin's Press, 1986. Pp.198, index. No price given.

The Jews in Palestine 1800–1882, by Tudor Parfitt. Pp.xiii + 243 tables, footnotes, bibliography, notes, glossary, index. The Royal Historical Society, The Boydell Press, Exeter, 1987. £25.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this issue.
R eview E ssay : T he A rmenian Q uestion *
Ermeni Meselesi Hallolunmuştur: Osmanlı Belgelerine Göre Savaş Yıllarında Ermenilere Yönelik Politikalar [The Armenian Question Resolved: Policies Toward the Armenians in the War Years according to Ottoman Documents]¹ By Taner Akçam.
Israel and Palestine: Reappraisals, Revisions, Refutations , by Avi Shlaim.
Oman: Politics and Society in the Qaboos State , by Marc Valeri.
Images of the Prophet: Narratives of the Prophet of Islam across the Centuries , by Tarif Khalidi.
The Arabs, A History , by Eugene Rogan.
Reflections on the Revolution in Europe: Immigration, Islam and the West , by Christopher Caldwell.
Peripheral Visions: Publics, Power and Performance in Yemen , by Lisa Wedeen.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: ARGUMENTS ABOUT ABORIGINES: Australia and the Evolution of Social Anthropology By L. R. Watt. ABORIGINAL SOVEREIGNTY: Reflections on Race, State and Nation By Henry Reynolds. OBSERVATIONS MADE DURING A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD Johann Reinhol Forster. PEOPLE, PLACES AND POLICES: Aspects of Queensland Administration 1859–1920 Edited by Kay Cohen and Kenneth Wiltshire. AN AUSTRALIAN DEMOCRAT: The Life, Work and Consequences of Andrew Inglis Clark Edited by Marcus Howard and James Warden. WITH LANE IN PARAGUAY: Harry Taylor of The Murray Pioneer 1873–1932 Edited, with a biographical sketch, by Don Gobbett and Malcolm Sounders. A VERITABLE DYNAMO: Lloyd Ross and Australian Labour 1901–1987 By Stephen Holt. ANZUS IN REVISION: Changing Defense Features of Australia and New Zealand in the Mid-1980s By Lieutenant Colonel Frank P. Donnini. THE 1992 PAPUA NEW GUINEA ELECTION: Change and Continuity in Electoral Politics Edited by Yaw Saffu. THE RIGHT ROAD: A History of Right-Wing Politics in Australia By Andrew Moore. POLITICS ONE Randall G. Stewart and Ian Ward. THE STATE IN QUESTION: Transformations of the Australian State Edited by Paul James. WE THE PEOPLE Edited by George Winterton. PEOPLE POLICY: Australia's Population Choices By Doug Cocks. A CONCISE HISTORY OF WORLD POPULATION By Massimo Livi-Bacci. Translated by Carl Ipsen. THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND IDEOLOGICAL POLITICS: Lord Salisbury's Referendal Theory and the Conservative Party, 1846–1922 By Corinne Comstock Weston ELIXIR OF EMPIRE: The English Public Schools, Ritualism, Freemasonry and Imperialism By P. J. Rich. NATIONALISM IN EUROPE, 1815 TO THE PRESENT: A Reader Edited by Stuart Woolf. IMPERIAL GERMANY 1867–1918: Politics, Culture, and Society in an Authoritarian State By Wolfgang J. Mommsen, translated by Richard Devesnn. FROM A ONE-PARTY STATE TO DEMOCRACY: Transition in Eastern Europe Edited by Janina Frentzel-Zagórska. THE ORDINARY AND THE EXTRAORDINARY: An Anthropological Study of Chinese Reform and the 1989 People's Movement in Beijing By Frank N. Pieke THE EGALITARIAN MOMENT: Asia and Africa 1950–1980 By Anthony Low. INDIGENOUS CAPITAL IN KENYA: The “Indian” Dimension of the Debate By Michael Cowen and Scott MacWilliam ETHICAL PRACTICE IN GOVERNMENT: Improving Organisational Management Edited by John Uhr. DEMOCRACY AND THE GLOBAL ORDER: From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance By David Held. COMPARATIVE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY: Studies Under the Upas Tree Edited by Anthony J. Parel and Ronald C. Keith     

The South in Sudanese politics, 1946–1956

Islam and Democracy by John L. Esposito and John O. Voll. New York Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1996. Pp.232, index and bibliography. £16.99 (paper).

The Merchant Republic of Lebanon: Rise of an Open Economy by Carolyn L. Gates. London: I.B. Tauris, 1998. Pp. xvi + 248, bibliography, index. £39.50.

The Political Economy of Market Reform in Jordan by Timothy J. Piro. Lanham, Maryland and Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998. Pp. xvi + 131, bibliography, index. $54.00 (cloth); $19.95 (paper).

Sephardi and Middle Eastern Jewries. History and Culture in the Modern Era by Harvey E. Goldberg (ed.). Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. Pp. xv + 346. £31.50 (cloth); £14.99 (paper).

Memoirs of Baghdad, Kurdistan and Turkish Arabia, 1857: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, No.XLIII. — New Series by Cdr. James Felix Jones, I.N. Slough: Archive Editions, 1998. Pp.xlvii + 504. £595.

Secularization of Iran: a Doomed Failure? by Azadi Kian‐Thiébaut. Paris: Peeters, 1998. Pp. 296, bibliography, index.

Partner to Partition: The Jewish Agency's Partition Plan in the Mandate Era by Yossi Katz. London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 1998. Pp. xii + 209, bibliography, index. £35.00 (cloth); £17.50 (paper).

Between Jerusalem and Hebron: Jewish Settlement in the Pre‐State Period by Yossi Katz. Ramat‐Gan: Bar‐Ilan University Press, 1998. Pp. 295, bibliography, index.

Heirs of the Greek Catastrophe: The Social Life of Asia Minor Refugees in Piraeus by R. Hirschon. Oxford: Berghan, 1998 (first published 1989). £14.95 (paper).     

General Maps of Persia: 1477–1925

The Modern Arabic Short Story: Shahrazad Returns by Mohammad Shaheen. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1989. Pp.viii + 158. Glossary, bibliography, index.

The Cambridge Atlas of the Middle East and North Africa by Gerald Blake, John Dewdney, Jonathan Mitchell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 58 Maps, 9 Figures, 26 Tables.

In Search of Arab Unity 1930–1945 by Yehoshua Porath. London: Frank Cass &; Co. Ltd., 1986. Pp.376.

International Proposals to Transfer Arabs from Palestine, 1895–1947: A Historical Survey by Chaim Simons. Hoboken, New Jersey: Ktav, 1988. Pp.254.

Ideology and Power in the Middle East: Studies in Honor of George Lenczowski Edited by Peter J. Chelkowski and Robert J. Pranger. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1988. Pp.xii + 530.

Saudi Arabia: Technocrats in a Traditional Society by Henry H. Albers. New York, Bern, Frankfurt am Main and Paris: Peter Lang, 1989. Pp.xii + 230, index. Cloth.

Heirs of the Greek Catastrophe: the Social Life of Asia Minor Refugees in Piraeus by R. Hirschon. Oxford University Press, 1989.     

Development as a Source of Conflict: The Sahukars,Displaced People and the Maoists in Koraput

The dominant debate in India on the role of development in reducing conflicts still remains open. Despite development measures by both state and non-state actors, conflicts continue to emerge frequently in the country. In Koraput district of Odisha state, development models implemented by the state and by non-state actors have accentuated conflicts. The Sahukar-model of development has caused land alienation among marginalised communities leading to conflicts between the landowners and the landless. Large-scale displacements caused by mega development projects have intensified the confrontation between the displaced and the state. The Communist Party of India-Maoist (‘Maoists’ in short) claims to have an alternative development model, which rejects the state-led development plan. The alternative model imposed by the Maoists—reclaiming land from the rich and adopting ‘Community Farming’—has further exacerbated the conflicts among various communities. Though the nature of conflict and its contenders keep changing, the conflicts as such refuse to die down in Koraput.     

Parlament und Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der österreichischen Monarchie

SUMMARY

In this article Maria Sofia Corciulo discusses the dissolution of the recently elected ‘Chambre introuvable’ by Louis XVIII, following his second restoration in 1815. The king had been completely surprised by the outcome of the elections, which returned an ultra-royalist majority. This put severe pressure on the king and his ministers who were committed to moderate, conciliationist policies, in which they were supported and pressured by the representatives of the Allied powers. The Ultras found themselves in confrontation with the ministers and policies of the king. This created a paradox, in that the Ultras, who wished to reinstate features of the ancien régime, could only do so by imposing parliamentarianism on the king, and use their majority to force him to change his ministers and adopt policies that they knew he opposed. On the other hand, the king felt he could only save the liberal constitutional values, which he and the ministers considered necessary if civil war was to be avoided, by a dissolution of the Chamber, for which there was no clear constitutional justification. The article discusses whether Louis XVIII, by his dissolution, which his critics claimed was a coup d'état, in fact secured the future of liberal constitutional government in France.     

Origins of the Arab states' involvement in Palestine

Afghanistan and the Soviet Union by Henry Bradsher. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1982. Pp. 336. $32.50; $12.75 (paper).

Afghanistan's Two Party Communism by Anthony Arnold. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1983. Pp. 260. $10.95.

Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal by Beverly Male. New York: St Martin's Press, 1982. £13.95.

Red Flag Over Afghanistan by Thomas Hammond. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1984. Pp. xvii + 261. £26.25; £11.25 (paper).

The Great Powers and the End of the Ottoman Empire edited by Marion Kent. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1984. Pp. x + 237. £18.00.

Der Islam in der Gegenwart edited by Werner Ende and Udo Steinbach, with editorial help from Michael Ursinus. Munich: C.H. Becker, 1984. Pp.774, bibliography, maps, index. DM, 138.

Workers’ Participation and Self‐Management in Turkey by Mehmet Nezir Uca. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies, Research Report Series No. 13, 1983. Pp.xiv + 254. Guilders 11

France Overseas by C. Andrew and A.S. Kanya‐Forstner. London: Thames &; Hudson, 1981. Pp.302. £12.95.     

Modern Arabic fiction in english translation a review article

Heinemann's Arab Authors series:

Naguib Mahfouz, Miramar (transl. by Fatma Moussa‐Mahmoud; ed. and revised by Maged el‐Kommos and John Rodenbeck; notes by Omar el‐Qudsy; introduction by John Fowles. Arab Authors 9, London, 1978).

Tayeb Salih, The Wedding of Zein and Other Stories (transl. by Denys Johnson‐Davies and illustr. by Ibrahim Salahi. Arab Authors 13, London, 1978).

Ghassan Kanafani, Men in the Sun and Other Stories (transl. with an introduction by Hilary Kilpatrick. Arab Authors 11, London and Washington, D.C., 1978).

Egyptian Short Stories, selected and transl. by Denys Johnson‐Davies (Arab Authors 8, London and Washington, D.C., 1978).

Sonallah Ibrahim, The Smell of It and Other Stories (transl. by Denys Johnson‐Davies. Arab Authors 10, London, 1978).     

Intimacy at work: servant and employer relations in Que horas ela volta? (The second mother)

ABSTRACT

This chapter examines servant/employer relationships in Anna Muylaert’s film Que horas ela volta? (The Second Mother, 2015). Written in the first person by someone who locates herself as a white, middle-class Brazilian from humble origins who has lived abroad for nearly 30 years, the chapter focuses on the sense of discomfort caused on her by the film and by Brazilian middle-class reliance on domestic servants, whilst at the same time analysing the role played by intimacy and servitude in the film. In dialogue with Sérgio Buarque de Holanda’s definition(s) of “cordialidade” (and with later discussions of it), the chapter examines what “cordialidade” can mean in the context of employers/domestic servants relationships in contemporary Brazil.     

The Wingate Literature Revisited: The Sudan As Seen by Members of the Sudan Political Service during the Condominium: 1899–1956

The Literature of Ideas in Egypt, Pt. I, translated and introduced by Louis Awad. Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press (Arabic Writing Today, III), 1986. Pp.242.

All Fall Down: America's Fateful Encounter with Iran by Gary Sick. London: I. B. Tauris, 1985. pp.380. £16.50.

Iran Under the Ayatollahs by Dilip Hiro. London: Routledge &; Kegan Paul, pp.xv + 398 + index, £20.

Superpower Diplomacy in the Horn of Africa by Samuel M. Makinda. London and Sydney: Croom Helm, 1987. pp.242. £22.50.

Encyclopaedia Iranica. Volume I: Ab‐Anahid edited by Ehsan Yarshater. London: Routledge &; Kegan Paul, 1985. Pp. 1011, 41 plates. $360.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: KIE DAUDAI: Notes and Sketches From Cape York By Edwina Toohey. COLLINS, THE COURTS AND THE COLONY: Law and Society in Colonial New South Wales 1788–1796 By J. F. Nagle. COLONIAL TECHNOLOGY: Science and the Transfer of Innovation to Australia By Jan Todd. FASHIONING AUSTRALIA'S FORESTS By John Dargavel. WITH FOND REGARDS: Private Lives Through Letters Edited by Elizabeth Riddell. SEX, POWER AND JUSTICE: Historical Perspectives on Law in Australia Edited by Diane Kirkby. SINGLE MOTHERS AND THEIR CHILDREN: Disposal, Punishment and Survival in Australia By Shurlee Swain with Renale Howe. MINORITIES: Cultural Diversity in Sydney Edited by Shirley Fitzgerald and Garry Wotherspoon. FAIR ENOUGH: Egalitarianism in Australia By Elaine Thompson. MEMORY AND HISTORY IN TWENTIETH CENTURY AUSTRALIA Edited by Kate Darian-Smith and Paula Hamilton. THE GUNNERS: A History of Australian Artillery By David Homer. AUSTRALIAN BRASS: The Career of Lieutenant General Sir Horace Robertson By Jeffrey Grey. THE WAR IN THE AIR 1914–1994 Edited by Alan Stephens. BACKGROUND TO THE ANZUS PACT: Policy-Making, Strategy and Diplomacy, 1945–55 By W. David Mclntyre. STRATEGIC INVOLVEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP: Australia's Post-1975 Relations with Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam By Ngaosyvathn Pheuiphanh. Australia-Asia Papers No. 68. AUSTRALIA'S SPIES AND THEIR SECRETS By David McKnight. TRICONTINENTAL: The Rise and Fall of a Merchant Bank By Hugo Armstrong and Dick Gross. INSTITUTIONS IN AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY Edited by John Henningham. ELECTION!: How and Why Australia Votes By Dean Jaensch. THE PEOPLE'S SAY: Elections in Australia By the Australian Electoral Commission. AUSTRALIAN POLITICAL IDEAS Edited by Geoff Stokes. SEEDS OF PROGRESS: An Agricultural Scientist in Southeast Asia By Professor L Ross Humphreys COAXES OF KAIPARA By Michael Basset THE ENLIGHTENMENT By Ulrich Im Hof. Translated by William E. Yuill. GLADSTONE AND THE LIBERAL PARTY By Michael Winstanley. INSIDE BABYLON: The Caribbean Diaspora in Britain Edited by Winston James and Clive Harris. GESCHICHTSDISKURS: Anfange Modernen Historischen Denkens, Vol. 2. [Historical Discourse: The Beginnings of Modern Historical Thinking] Edited by Wolfgang Küttler, Jörn Rilsen and Ernst Schulin. BISMARCK AND MITTELEUROPA By Bascom Barry Hayes. BÜRGER BESONDERER ART: Evangelische Pfarrer in Preussen 1850–1914 fly Oliver Janz. MÜTTER-REICH: Zurdeutschen Erzählprosa der Dreißiger Jahre By Elisabeth Galvan. AUSLÄNDER, AUSSIEDLER, ASYL: Eine Bestandsaufnahme By Klaus J. Bade. FALLEN SPARROWS: The International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War By Michael Jackson. THE EUROPEAN RESCUE OF THE NATION-STATE By Alan S. Milward. THE END OF COMMUNIST POWER: Anti-Corruption Campaigns and Legitimation Crisis By Leslie Holmes. FDR AND THE NEWS MEDIA By Betty Houchin Winfield. PACIFIC COOPERATION: Building Economic and Security Regimes in the Asia-Pacific Region Edited by Andrew Mack and John Ravenhill. THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PACIFIC ISLANDS FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE By Anthony B. van Fossen. RETHINKING INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS By Fred Halliday THE FORCE OF LAW: International Law and the Land Commander Edited by Hugh Smith RELIGION IN THIRD WORLD POLITICS. By Jeff Haynes. BUILDING INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY: Cooperation for Peace Case Studies Edited by Kevin Clements and Robin Ward St. Leonards INTERNATIONAL TERRITORY: The United Nations 1945–95 By Adam Bartos and Christopher Hitchens. NATIONALISM By Elie Kedourie. POLITICAL THOUGHT SINCE 1945: Philosophy, Science, Ideology Edited by Leonard Tivey and Anthony Wright. Aldershot: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 1992, pp. x+222. POLITICS, ANCIENT AND MODERN By Pierre Vidal-Naquet. Translated by Janet Lloyd.     

Noucentisme's “arbitrary” nature in the Mont-roig landscapes of Joan Miró (1918–1922)

The purpose of this article is to discuss the development of Joan Miró's aesthetics between 1915 and the early 1920s, and to offer an interpretation of a series of landscapes that he painted between 1918 and 1922, by highlighting their similarities with some of the landscapes described by Catalan writer Josep Pla in his Obra completa. Both Miró's and Pla's landscapes are situated within the context of Noucentisme and, more particularly, of Noucentisme's classicist aesthetics as defined by Eugeni d'Ors in his Glosari.     

Signs of the times: the discourse of ‘three represents’ and globalisation

In the past two decades, the economic reforms in China not only put Chinese society on the stage of globalisation, but also eroded the established significatory system set in Mao's China, the stability of meaning of governmental linguistic production has also been challenged. It is against such background that the official discourse of ‘Three Represents’ emerged. This paper intends to analyse the discourse of ‘Three Represents’ in the light of articulation as advanced by Stuart Hall, and examine the semiosis of these representations in the context of the reconstruction of epistemological theory. It argues that this on-going discursive practice is, in a way, a significant theoretical response by the CCP to the increasingly diversified social formation, the ‘signs of the times’, brought along by a new globalising economic structure. When signs of wealth are reinterpreted and re-evaluated in a new economic order, signs of authority (Bourdieu, 1991) which are intended to be believed and obeyed by the masses, have also shifted and been renegotiated to accommodate social changes.