The Moral Economists: R. H. Tawney,Karl Polanyi,E. P. Thompson,and the Critique of Capitalism

The Moral Economists: R. H. Tawney, Karl Polanyi, E. P. Thompson, and the Critique of Capitalism . By Tim Rogan (Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2017), pp.263 + viii. AU$48.82 (hb). Available in Australia through Footprint Books.     

网络空间的中美关系:竞争、冲突与合作

在中美关系各领域,网络空间问题在极短时间具有了极其重要的意义。网络空间不仅对传统中美关系形成了冲击,而且还引发了相应的博弈与竞争,如网络空间治理权之争、网络战略优势竞争,以及与之相随的网络技术优势的夺取、网络军备竞赛和网络话语权竞争等。网络事务管理的主权性与网络空间运行的开放性之间的矛盾构成中美关系网络冲突的根源。网络空间的全球性及世界各国所面临的网络信息安全等共同威胁,促成了中美关系在网络空间的合作,如在网络治理的国际制度建设、应对网络犯罪、技术合作、网络冲突控制等方面。避免网络空间的中美关系走向安全困境,需要相对稳定的实践。对网络监管和网络主权的认同、建立中美网络空间的战略互信是实践的重要方面。     

美国“反叛乱”理论的发展及其困境

20世纪中期以后,随着第三世界民族解放运动的勃兴和美国加大在第三世界的政治、军事干涉力度,美国政府日益关注和重视"反叛乱"理论与实践。美国"反叛乱"理论的形成与发展大体经历了三大阶段:肯尼迪时期、里根时期和小布什-奥巴马时期。其中肯尼迪时期强调对所谓"反叛乱"政府的扶持,与苏联争夺对第三世界的政治、军事控制;里根时期的"叛乱"和"反叛乱"被纳入"低强度冲突"理论的框架;小布什时期则是为了应对所谓的伊斯兰圣战主义"全球叛乱"。然而"反叛乱"理论作为美国海外干涉的一种理念依据,总是面临着对外干涉本身所固有的政治、军事和道义困境。     

Commonwealthmen and Republicans: Dr. H.V. Evatt, the Monarchy and India

H.V. Evatt's foreign policy has attracted considerable historical attention, but his response as Australian External Affairs Minister to Commonwealth constitutional issues remains neglected. Evatt sought to retain India in the Commonwealth in 1948–49, but he insisted that India ought to recognise the king's prerogatives in its constitutional arrangements. He had developed his defence of the monarchy and its place in the empire in his writings of the inter-war years, and sought to apply these ideas in his Commonwealth diplomacy of the late 1940s. Evatt's failure to have these ideas accepted resulted from his attempt to impose an ideal of the relationship between the monarchy and the Commonwealth, derived from his understanding of the evolution of constitutional relations between the United Kingdom and the old dominions, to the very different context of Asian postwar decolonisation.