China’s Public Relations and Soft-power

China’s foreign strategy and foreign policy have changed tremendously. China began to build up soft-power of national culture and embark on public diplomacy, which aimed at: 1, increasingly exposing China to the world in terms of the state of affairs, policies and values, 2, creating a more objective and amicable milieu of opinions and 3, enhancing China’s international image. The author offers her personal perspectives on how to handle relations between pursuing public relations and building up national soft-power, how to advance national soft-power by public relations and the need to obviate ideological barriers.     

Abstracts

In recent years, the strategic values of the Arctic are increasingly recognized by the international community. The development of the Arctic is becoming the focus of interested parties. The sense and mechanism of cooperation among Arctic states themselves, as well as between Arctic and non-Arctic states, are gradually improving. However, contradictions and conflicts among related parties are not easy to eliminate. The role and influence of multilateral cooperation mechanism, such as the Arctic Council, is significantly enhanced. The Arctic Economic Council is to be established. Taking into consideration the above trends of the Arctic, the author puts forward his suggestions on China＇s participation in Arctic affairs. First, view opportunities and challenges that China faces regarding its participation in Arctic affairs in a rational and objective way, stick to the status of ＂near-Arctic State＂ and Arctic stake-holder as well as ＂Three Adherence＂ in Arctic affairs. Second, continue to establish and improve bilateral and multilateral platforms for Arctic cooperation, make good use of accredited observer status in the Arctic Council to involve deeply in Arctic cooperation and enhance Arctic scientific research. Third, formulate comprehensive and systematic Arctic policy, promote Arctic public diplomacy. Lastly, participate in Arctic developments in a cautious and trustworthy way, and make contributions to the peace, stability and sustainable development of the Arctic.     

On the Features of Contemporary Regrouping of International Forces

<正>The co-relation of international forces is evolving in favor of developing countries with emerging powers as their representatives,which is unprecedentedly shaking the Western powers' dominance of world affairs.The regrouping of international forces is forming the Four Groups of gaining,defending,losing and weakening forces.The Four Groups are coping with the global problems on their respective and common positions,greatly enriching the connotation of peace and development with contemporary dimension,and giving historical task of building international system to regional and sub-regional cooperation.Although the Four Groups are still in dynamic development with proper adjustments of formation within and between themselves with different issues and at different times,the emerging powers are gaining on as world trends.While on the road towards a global power,China needs to take Emerging Powers as its strategic backup and strive for greater rights of discourse and leading roles.However,the international society should be fully prepared both intellectually and physically for the prolonged,complicated and uneven processes of regrouping of international forces and the transforming of international system in the context of peaceful conditions.     

Global Power Structure Shifted and Transitional Multi-polarity Emerged

The world is facing the third important global power shift.The United States,EU, Japan,Russia,China,and the newly emerging power group are becoming the six big forces in the international center stage,while the former three forces and the latter three belong to two groups,waning and waxing respectively.The major shift in the global balance of power is bound to give rise to the transitional multi-polar configuration,which implies a shifting of leadership over the configuration,China and U.S.outweighing other forces,global issues looming large,homogeneity blending with heterogeneity,and a shifting center of world powers.The transitional multi-polar configuration is all about change,upon which China is one of the decisive forces.     

Abstracts

Features of the Current International Situation and New Challenges to China＇s External Environment CHEN Dongxiao （1）
The current international situation is marked by the accelerating evolution of the international order remarkably characterized with ad hoc and transitional features. The configuration of the international powers is continuing with the momentum of multi-polarization and equalization, though remains basically as a trilateral structure consists of the United States, EU and emerging powers with the U.S., the only superpower, arching over. The profound evolution of the international system and the growing demand of global governance are contradicted with insufficient mechanisms of international governance, leading to the primary contradiction of the present international relations.     

Abstracts

Strategic Adjustment of China＇s Diplomacy at a New Starting Point YANG Jiemian For more than one year after taking office, China＇s new leadership has largely inherited and continued the diplomatic strategy of its predecessor. On the other hand, given China＇s growing comprehensive national strength, increasing international challenges, and change of governments in the world including China, it has adjusted and enriched the substance of the strategy in a distinctive way. For example, the new leadership has specified strategic self-identification, updated strategic thinking, kept strategic composure, strengthened strategic initiative and planning, and developed strategic theories. China＇s diplomatic strategy requires further adjustment for the next decade to enhance theoretical innovation and execution, China＇s diplomacy will be conducted in a more active, pragmatic, and effective way and will thrive in meeting challenges and overcoming difficulties. China＇s strategic diplomacy needs to reflect the vision and logic of a rising global power, strengthen strategic construction based on practice and experience by further adjusting strategic objectives, building strategic cooperation networks, and deepening strategic theoretic studies. China＇s diplomatic strategy requires perspectives that are all-dimensional, diversified, and transcends space and time. It needs to take into account the changing and interacting internal and external environments to further consolidate and deepen domestic support. Finally, academic circles of IR and diplomatic studies should be driven by an acute and urgent sense of calling to construct and develop China＇s strategies within the diplomatic theoretical system with Chinese characteristics to enrich the variety of public goods provided by China to the international community.     

The Strategic Re-view of China’s Territorial Sovereignty

This paper re-examines the status quo of China’s territorial sovereignty security from a strategic perspective.Territory is the most basic physical where-about for a country to express national sovereignty.It is the territory that the national sovereignty derives its physical basis from.In the context of globalization,however, the traditional national territorial sovereignty space is continually squeezed and constrained,but the national territorial sovereignty is still the cornerstone of the international relations.And the inviolability of national territorial sovereignty is still the most important principle of modern international law.In this regard,the primary goal of Chinese national security today remains as a goal to safeguard the unification,integrity and security of China’s territorial sovereignty.At present,the integrity,unification and security of Chinese national territorial sovereignty have yet to be achieved on the strategic level.As one of China’s basic national conditions,it should be taken seriously and paid adequate strategic attentions.     

China’s Aid to Africa:Characteristics,Its Role and Challenges ahead

Started from 1956,China’s aid to Africa has been playing a very significant role for strengthening Sino-African ties as a whole.Generally speaking,take "the reform and opening-up" policy started from late 1970s as a line of demarcation,China’s aid policy to Africa can be divided into two periods in the half century.The driving force of China’s aid policy before the line was to strengthen the diplomatic and political ties with African countries.The focus of China’s aid policy after the line is to seek mutual economic cooperation and common development.Comparing with the Western approaches,the major characteristics of China’s aid policy to Africa are mainly three:the aid is provided with no strings attached,and emphasizing on bilateral aid projects rather than multilateral system,strong focus on "hardware projects" such as physical infrastructure construction rather than "software projects" like research and capacity building.In general,China’s aid to Africa has generated effective results and helped a lot for China’s involvement in Africa.However,it is also facing new challenges at the moment and future.     

Clean Energy Development and China’s Climate Change Bargaining Position:Industry Policy,Innovation and Business Power

<正>This paper analyses developments in China's climate change diplomacy from the perspective of business power and conflict theory.It does so by:(i) accounting for the processes of clean energy industry policy and development in China;(ii) introducing the concept of business power and placing it in the context of climate change;(iii) applying the business power concept to China explore how the development of clean energy industry is expanding China's policy options and changing its bargaining position;and(iv) taking stock of developments thus far and assessing future prospects.It will thereby test both the theoretical proposition that the business power concept is applicable to the Chinese situation,and the empirical proposition that the ongoing development of the national clean energy sector is crucial to China's bargaining position at the international level.     

The trend of relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean from the perspective of Bi-regional Summits

<正>Nowadays,multilateral consultative mechanism is gradually becoming a mainstream approach in the contemporary international system.As one of the most important international collective player,the European Union(EU) has been engaging in multilateral cooperation and consultation since its inception.It has also been promoting a plural world through advocacy and action.The EU and the Latin America/Caribbean(LAC) Countries summits are considered a stability mechanism for promoting bi-regional dialogues.Nevertheless,after 10 years of bi-regional strategic partnership construction,the EU and LAC relations are currently experiencing a difficult phase,suggesting it is time to reform.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the advantages as well as the challenges to EU-LAC relations from the perspective of bi-regional summits,and to assess the short-term trend of their relations in the near future     

Addressing Global Climate Change:The Need to Shape a Multidimensional Strategy for International Cooperation

<正>How to mobilize world countries to work together in addressing global climate change is now another focus of world attention.This is a major milestone in the history of human social development and progress in modern times and also a tremendous,complex and systematic project.Its success or failure depends not only on the transformation of the traditional old model of high-emission and high-growth development,which is formed in the industrialization process over a long period of time,into a new model of low-emission and high-growth development,which is adapted to the change of the times and the ecosystem.It also depends on the political will of countries around the world to jointly attach importance to and participate in tackling global climate change,and on more awareness and consensus among them to the importance and urgency to meet the challenge.Against this background,it is highly necessary to shape a multidimensional strategy for international cooperation and work out supplementary policies and practical measures.     

国际经济体系与地缘政治:金融危机及其影响

Global financial crisis is ongoing. The crisis has not only impacted the mode of the world economy that further called for reform of international economic system, but also exerted far-reaching impact on the transformation of the international political system and geopolitics. China, undergoing a critical period of reform anddevelopment, is obliged to probe the essence of the crisis and its prospective impacts, to discern the direction of the transforming international political system and geopolitics, and ...     

The Darfur Issue:A New Test for China’s African Policy

<正>With the approaching of Sudan's very first election in nearly two decades in April 2010,Sudan,the biggest country in Africa and also the country that faced most complicated development environment both domestically and internationally,is once again becoming the focus of the world.And the ongoing conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan,about one fifth of the total area and with more than 17%of total population,plus the controversy policy taken by the Sudan government as well as China's growing economic engagement in the country,particularly in the energy field,has put China's Africa policy in the spot light.Since China and Sudan have had a long tradition of friendship and close political and economic ties,there has been an unreasonable high expectation from the international community that China alone can influence the position of the Sudanese government on this sensitive matter.The international controversy over Darfur has brought a fundamental challenge to China's long-held foreign policy of 'non-interference'.The author argued in the paper,the principle of"non-interference"should not be interpreted as non willingness to take the"responsibility to protect".As a matter of fact,in recent years,China's Darfur policy has shown more and more flexibility and the"non-interference"policy itself is also undergoing changes.Given the complexity of the Darfur issue and the volatile North/South relation in Sudan,the"engagement approach"endorsed and pushed by China is more constructive than"sanction initiative"for maintaining the stability and peace in Sudan.     

Abstracts

European and U.S. Responses to China＇s Rise： Theory, Strategy, and Interaction
ZHAO Huaipu ＆ WANG Zhenling
In recent years, whether China can rise peacefully has been a central topic in the policy-making circles and academia of Europe and the United States. IR theorists of different schools have analyzed this topic through their respective paradigmatic prisms, and offered their suggestions on how to respond to China＇s rise. Theoretical debates have influenced and even guided the formulation of EU and American strategies on China＇s rise, as the elements of power, institution, culture and international community are all embedded in their specific strategies and policy responses. However, due to differences in their behavior, values, and soft and hard powers, they differ in the combination of theoretical elements in their strategies. As a result, even though the U.S. and the EU have similar goals regarding China＇s rise, their approaches are very different. With new changes in the international situation in the past few years, the EU and the U.S. have strengthened their interaction and coordination in their responses to China＇s rise. But because of insufficient hard power on the part of the EU and the differences in transatlantic Asia strategies, cooperation on their China strategies is still limited. China should support and push for stronger trilateral interaction and coordination, as this will help lessen joint pressure from the two and enhance China＇s influence in the international system.     

The Relationship between Major East Asian Countries and the Arctic Council

In recent years,with the debate over rights in the Arctic regions among coastal and world’s major countries,the Arctic issue has rapidly become a hot spot of global concern.The East Asian countries should also give active responses towards this issue.Given that the Arctic Council,as an intergovernmental organization consisting of eight Arctic countries,plays a significant leading role in Arctic affairs, by providing an overview of the work and developing trend of the Arctic Council, this paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility for East Asian countries(mainly referring to China,South Korea and Japan)of their participation in the Council and also proposes the suggestions on this basis to promote these countries’position and their role in Arctic affairs.     

Trilateral Relationship of China,EU and U.S.in Transition

Thank you very much to receive me among you to present today. I’m very pleased about the opportunity to exchange with you some ideas on global cooperation between China, EU and the US, which is one of the major challenges in     

国际金融体系改革与中国的应对思路

The reform of international financial system is focused on the following aspects: international monetary system, international financial institutions (IFIs), and international financial regulatory system. The US, European Union, Japan, and the Emerging Market Countries all have different stances concerning the reforms in these fields. There is also an obvious deviation in the interests and demands of Emerging Powers and the US and EU. In addition, the G20 has become the major forum for economic coordination...     

Abstracts

＂Symbiosis of International Society＂ and IR Theory of Peace and Development
Symbiosis of international society is a proposition universally valid and impeccable. Both the two world wars and the general crisis occurred in the first half of the last century indicated that the change of lR theory was at the turning point of history and that the proposition of symbiosis of international society would inevitably replace the proposition of international anarchism, though it r has not been realized to date unfortunately. The post-war development of international society has all the more offered ample resources for establishing the leading position of the symbiosis o f international society in 1R research. By virtue of the momentum, it is the time to boost the Chinese traditional culture and Chinese wisdom of harmonious philosophy in the scientific explanation of the symbiosis of international society, which is particularly necessary for creating the IR theory of peace and development, sticking to the road of peace and development and contributing to the construction of a lasting peace, co-prosperity and harmonious world.     

Emerging Powers and Africa:A Comparison of Modes of Engagement Pursued by China,India and Brazil

The world has seen a relative power shift from the North to the South.The leading emerging states like China have taken up an increasingly commanding role in global economic affairs in response to the trauma experienced by Western industrialized states.Over the last decade and a half emerging powers have made significant inroads into previously the"bastion"of Western political and economic dominance,resulting in a diversifying external actors involved in African economy with much of this interaction bein...     

Toward a New Decade:Research on the Sustainable Development of FOCAC

FOCAC is a successful and pioneering cooperation model jointly explored by China and Africa.The Forum has become an important platform for facilitating China-Africa relations since its founding 10 years ago.Within this framework the two sides have achieved great accomplishment through cooperation,and have created new development areas.Currently,the international system is experiencing deep adjustments,and the international political,economic and security situation is becoming increasingly complicated.Within such a context,the Forum continues to embrace new development opportunities as well as face new challenges.This paper will evaluate the achievements and the experiences of the Forum,and offer some proposals on promoting the sustainable development of FOCAC within the new context.