中国共产党话语体系的逻辑转换探析

在中国共产党把马克思主义与中国实际相结合,领导革命、建设和改革事业的历史进程中,中国政治话语体系经历了从革命话语到建设话语、从建设话语向复兴话语的历史转换的发展路径。深刻透视革命话语、建设话语和复兴话语的内在逻辑和基本特征,才能自信地讲好中国故事,唱好中国声音。     

新中国70年来中国共产党生态话语构建的基本历程与经验启示

新中国70年来,中国共产党生态话语构建经历了三个发展阶段,即从"污染难免"到"环境保护"的话语出场阶段;从"可持续发展"到"生态环境建设"的话语转型阶段;从"生态文明"到"绿色发展""美丽中国"的话语创新阶段。新中国70年来,中国共产党通过领袖诠释、政策设计、大众普及以及吸收借鉴国外生态话语的方式,创造性地构建了中国共产党生态话语体系,为新时代中国赢得国际生态话语权提供了重要启示,即打造核心话语主体,发挥习近平话语领袖作用;创新传播方式,增强生态话语国际影响力;参与国际生态治理,发挥中国全球气候治理引领作用。     

中国化马克思主义在世界变局中何以有更大作为? ——基于改革开放史的中国化马克思主义对外传播策略探讨

中国化马克思主义的对外传播具有超越性特征,其以文化交流超越意识形态输出,以理论对话超越话语权压制,并以平等分享超越文化霸权.在应对"世界百年未有之大变局"的过程中,中国化马克思主义对外传播,可以发挥载体作用推动文明互鉴;可以发挥启迪作用推动理论共享;可以发挥交流作用推动共识增进.改革开放以来,中国化马克思主义对外传播经历了从革命动员到文化交流的历史性转折、从接触到对话的"话语跟随型"传播模式生成、从理解到共享的"话语主动型"传播模式转换、从共识到认可的"话语主动型"传播模式初步形成等四个阶段,充分展示了自身的理论担当与实践作为.由此,我们可以构思中国化马克思主义国际传播的现实策略:在文明交往中推进国际阐释;在原创性研究中推进对外传播;在世界理论交流中推进国际对话.     

我国马克思主义哲学史研究创新的三个维度

主题、方法与话语体系是我国马克思主义哲学史研究创新的三个重要维度。主题创新的关键是问题意识觉醒,主要是紧扣时代脉动,从时代问题中进行创新;回归经典,从经典阐释中进行创新;回应时代挑战,在应对挑战中进行创新。方法创新的关键是方法论自觉,主要是基于对象性质选择适合的研究方法,从路径依赖到方法论自觉,从诠释走向建构。话语体系创新的关键是话语自觉意识增强,主要是话语表达从教条主义、权威论和独断论走向开放、包容和多元,话语形态在政治形态、学术形态和大众形态相统一中推进马克思主义哲学中国化,话语建构着力构建具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的哲学学术话语体系。     

马克思主义文艺理论中国化的“受体”及其演进探论

马克思主义文艺理论中国化的"受体"研究,是借鉴接受美学的观点,从"读者"——"接受者"的角度来回顾分析20世纪以来马克思主义文艺理论与中国具体历史语境相结合之后所产生的话语色彩和审美效应。这种以接受者为第一本位的研究策略,既具有文艺理论本身"活"的灵魂的特点,也坚持了"还原历史"的唯物主义原则。按照接受主体身份的变化,马克思主义文艺理论在中国不同时期适应了不同的期待视野,也便产生了不同的理论话语,它们分别是:知识分子主体时期的"政治功利论"、政治领袖主体时期的"制度范畴论"和"复调"主体时期的"多极圆融论"。     

20世纪90年代以来中国外交话语模式的传承与嬗变

20世纪90年代以来,中国的外交思想保持了稳定性和连续性,"和平与发展"构成中国所认识的"时代潮流"的硬核。在这个硬核之上,又逐渐叠加了"合作"、"互利"、"共赢"。随着中国日益融入国际社会,外交话语表述方式经历了从批判性话语到"建设者的话语"的转换。从中国政治领导层把握或认知当下世界形势的立场、视角来看,中国一方面反对这个秩序中的霸权主义和强权政治,以及经济发展不平衡的局面,同时又认同、维护乃至推动经济全球化,这体现了中国与当下国际体系的"自由主义秩序"之间的复杂关系。     

历史唯物主义视域下的中国话语构建问题

中国特色社会主义实践成果举世瞩目,但中国话语的缺失也毋庸置疑,中国软实力的提升需要坚持历史唯物主义原则构建中国话语。中国话语是对中国特色社会主义道路系统的理论性表达。历史唯物主义视域下构建中国话语,要注重三个方面:在认识和处理多重"关系"中把握中国话语问题,处理好中西关系、古今关系、后现代与现代关系以及社会话语、生活话语、意识形态话语的关系;在实践中认知和提炼中国话语,中国特色社会主义是建构中国话语的实践基础、动力与检验标准;从主体性维度构建中国话语,坚持历时性与共时性主体、宏观与微观主体、目标与过程主体、话语构建主体和话语本体的统一。     

“生命共同体”话语：价值意涵、话语创新

"生命共同体"话语表征自然界各要素、人与自然、人与人的共生共荣,其旨趣是实现人与自然共同利益的兼容与人类社会的长远发展。依据话语理论,可以从话语主体、话语对象、话语内容、陈述方式四个维度建构"生命共同体"话语。这一话语实现了价值主体的多元化与全球化,以辩证的话语内容超越了人与自然二元对立的思维窠臼,借助隐喻实现话语的通俗化、生动化表达,体现了其在话语对象、话语形式、话语内容等方面的创新。     

启蒙思潮与中国现代化发展话语体系之演进

近代西方思想家回应现代历史发展,开创自由主义启蒙话语体系,奠定了西方现代性启蒙政治价值观的理论基础。马克思恩格斯把握启蒙时代的脉动,创立了共产主义与人类解放的科学世界观方法论及其话语体系,超越了现代性西方启蒙话语体系。百年中国启蒙运动发展经历了三个不断激浊扬清、深入发展的重要时期:从五四新文化运动到马克思主义文化新启蒙运动;从改革开放到20世纪末期反教条的马克思主义思想解放运动;21世纪以来的不断解放思想、理论创新与文化自觉自信自强。这是一个话语体系越来越朝向切实解决中国现代化发展各阶段现实问题的伟大历史进程。     

中国共产党“文明”的概念内涵与话语演进

中国共产党对“文明”概念的运用伴随着从新民主主义革命时期为挽救民族危亡而对“社会主义文明”的想象到社会主义革命和建设时期在社会主义实践中“创造自己的文明和幸福”,到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期提出“建设成为高度文明的社会主义国家”再到新时代提出“人类文明新形态”的发展轨迹，经历了从文明救国、文明建国、文明治国到文明强国的叙事话语变迁。中国共产党文明话语既是中国现代化进程的显示器，又是中国现代化进程的推进器，其演进呈现出话语意识愈发自觉、思维渐为开阔、布局逐步优化的特征。     

(Re)Drawing the Lines on Marriage and Sexuality

The campaign for same‐sex marriage is animated by two, contradictory impulses: a libertarian‐egalitarian strain that continually expands the boundaries of what is publicly legitimate; and a conservative one that seeks to reinforce traditional boundaries. Democratic polities would benefit from public discussion on whether to retain normative, sexual boundaries, and if so, what they should reasonably be. I outline a moderately conservative agenda that would limit public legitimacy to sexually exclusive monogamy (heterosexual or homosexual), but informally tolerate most, consenting, nonconventional sexual practices. A spirit of humility, empathy and tragedy will help us to exercise reasonable judgement as we redraw the lines on marriage and sexuality.     

Governing peacekeeping: the role of authority and expertise in the case of sexual violence and trauma

Abstract

The surprising authority of gender expertise on sexual violence within post-Cold War peacekeeping can be understood by tracing how sexual violence became linked with political torture and combat violence in peacekeeping security rationality. The linkage emerged from the development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) theory within anti-Vietnam war activism, which gained international authority during the 1980s. Post-Cold War narratives of ‘multi-dimensional’ peacekeeping as the policing and rehabilitation of perpetrators and victims for self-government drew on PTSD expertise on ‘integrity violations’, thus problematizing sexual violence. However, gender expertise should not be dismissed as providing ideological cover for imperialist projects: the contingent authority gender expertise has claimed has disrupted the peacekeeping narrative by representing peacekeeping operations as fostering flourishing sex industries in which integrity violations are a norm.     

Privacy as Autonomy vs. Privacy as Familial Attachment: A Conceptual Approach to Right to Privacy Cases

This article explains why the Supreme Court's privacy jurisprudence has become deeply problematic for addressing emerging reproductive and sexual choice issues, focusing on abortion funding, minors seeking abortions, adults engaging in consenting homosexual sex, and pregnant women accused of abusing their fetuses. The article makes two arguments. First, it contends that what is private about the rights asserted in cases like Eisenstadt v. Baird and Roe v. Wade has never been fully articulated nor defended, leaving these central decisions conceptually unpersuasive. Second, the article shows that "privacy" is used in two very different senses in Supreme Court constitutional right-to-privacy decisions: one rooted in respect for marriage and the family, the other in notions of personal autonomy. Although both senses deserve to be protected, the court has tended to prefer the familial sense of privacy to the autonomy one, with serious consequences for privacy concerns that are not connected to family relationships or that are perceived as undercutting "family values."     

Sexual identity,citizenship and medical power of attorney: case illustrations from Northern Ontario,Canada1

Current analyses of sexual identity and citizenship offer complexity to debates about what it means to be a citizen in liberal democratic societies. However, thus far there is limited inclusion of ethnographic, narrative‐based research that addresses how lesbians and gay men experience and negotiate citizenship in their everyday lives. In this paper, I argue that attitudes about medical power of attorney are a lens through which we can examine how lesbians negotiate and experience citizenship in their daily lives and in medical settings. My analysis demonstrates how normative citizenship structures are experienced, reinforced and challenged by four lesbians living in a community in Ontario's Near North region, Canada. In providing case illustrations, I argue that the inclusion of lived experiences strengthens and deepens textual, historical and political analyses of citizenship.     

Policy Narratives across Two Languages: A Comparative Study using the Narrative Policy Framework

The Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) focuses on the role of narratives, drawing from a rich scholarship in narrative, language, and culture. Despite the understanding that narratives are constructions of language and that narrative construction differs across languages, NPF studies have not focused on policy narratives in languages other than English. Language characteristics of narratives are important to assess the stability of policy narratives when there are multiple dominant languages in a political system. This study investigates the use of narrative elements in policy narratives in agricultural biotechnology policy in India across Hindi and English media coverage to examine the NPF assumption that narratives have generalizable narrative elements irrespective of variation in linguistic context and, specifically, tests the transportability of narrative elements. Findings validate the transportability of narrative elements in Hindi narratives, indicate variation in the use of narrative elements over time, and have implications for applying NPF across languages.     

Race,rape and capital punishment in Connecticut to 1830

ABSTRACT

Goodheart's narrative of the death penalty in early Connecticut argues that the racist depiction of black men as violent sexual predators who preyed on white women goes back hundreds of years and flourished in New England. The depiction of African American men as lascivious and dangerous was well established during slave times. The resulting prosecutorial treatment of black-on-white rape was remarkably consistent during the colonial and early national period. After the only white man was hanged for rape in 1693, the remaining five executions were all of Blacks. No one of any race was hanged for the rape of a Native American or African American woman. A marker of the marginalization of African Americans is that the final person hanged in Connecticut for a crime other than homicide was a black man for rape in 1817. This persistent pattern of prejudice is a telling example of the impact of race on criminal justice, especially the capital crime of rape.     

The spoils of war

Antony Beevor's Berlin: The Downfall 1945 has been an international best-selling history of the fall of Berlin to Soviet troops in 1945. Now published in paperback, Beevor's magisterial narrative of Berlin's downfall has become a leading work of contemporary popular history. The public discussion of this book has been dominated by two themes: first, the ‘normalization’ of the suffering of German civilians and, second, the ‘disclosure’ of mass rapes by the liberating Soviet army in Germany. This review traces how key debates concerning the remembrance of the Second World War form these dominant readings of Berlin. In particular, it examines the formation of the re-remembering of the wartime rapes of Berlin women, and considers the implications of Beevor's account of the downfall of Berlin for how we understand sexual violence in armed conflict.     

On the road to serfdom? An analysis of Friedrich Hayek's socio-political manifesto as a pending narrative

In this article, I analyse Friedrich Hayek's (1944) book The Road to Serfdom by arguing that it is founded upon the pending narrative. The pending narrative is a semiotic macrostructure that is used to arouse passion for a specific goal of action. The rhetorical force of the pending narrative comes from its sudden interruption: as soon as identities have been established for the actors involved in the action, the narrative is brought to a halt. However, to leave the story open does not alone guarantee the force of the pending narrative. Its impetus is also based on the rhetorically capable use of three discursive elements: truth discourse, morally loaded binary discourse, and ‘utopian’ discourse.     

The narrative properties of ideology: the adversarial turn and climate skepticism in the USA

A central concern in policy studies is understanding how multiple, contending groups in society interact, deliberate, and forge agreements over policy issues. Often, public discourse turns from engagement into impasse, as in the fractured politics of climate policy in the USA. Existing theories are unclear about how such an “adversarial turn” develops. We theorize that an important aspect of the adversarial turn is the evolution of a group’s narrative into what can be understood as an ideology, the formation of which is observable through certain textual-linguistic properties. Analysis “of” these narrative properties elucidates the role of narrative in fostering (1) coalescence around a group ideology, and (2) group isolation and isolation of ideological coalitions from others’ influence. By examining a climate skeptical narrative, we demonstrate how to analyze ideological properties of narrative, and illustrate the role of ideological narratives in galvanizing and, subsequently, isolating groups in society. We end the piece with a reflection on further issues suggested by the narrative analysis, such as the possibility that climate skepticism is founded upon a more “genetic” meta-narrative that has roots in social issues far removed from climate, which means efforts at better communicating climate change science may not suffice to support action on climate change.     

论《边城》关于命运的三种叙事

本文以为《边城》文本在叙事语态上存在三种时态,即过去之事、现在之事、未来之事。三种时态分别对应于回顾叙述、同步叙述、预示叙述。由于女主角翠翠的贯穿作用,关于她的生母的爱情、关于她的正在进行的爱情、关于她的将来的爱情都和谐地统一在翠翠命运的递嬗当中,它在推动着叙事走向深入的同时也展现了边城乡下子民生活的无常与无奈。