华人政治地位与马来西亚的政治分层

本文通过分析马来西亚华马两族执政党的不同地位、政府公共职位的族群分配比例以及选区划分的族群利益倾向,探讨马来西亚族群政治分层以及族群在政治领域存在的结构性差异.结果表明,华人明显处于政治弱势,在族群权益博弈中的地位由此大为削弱.     

现代化视域下马来西亚“东向政策”的拓展深化及影响

“东向政策”是马来西亚1982年开始实施的对外政策，其主旨是同日韩扩大经济贸易关系，争取两国投资并学习其先进技术、管理经验以及职业精神，服务于马来西亚工业现代化的发展要求。“东向政策”有助于马来西亚突破后发国家实现现代化面临的资金不足、技术落后以及管理方式陈旧等难题。历经40余年，“东向政策”在目标、内容、手段与对象上得以拓展和深化。为了平衡主要国家在马来西亚的战略博弈，“东向政策”的战略意图从最初“以亲近日韩来弥补与西方国家的疏远关系”转向“加强与中国的交往来平衡主要国家对马来西亚发展的影响”。同时，将政策对象拓展至中国以使马来西亚搭上中国发展的快车，推动其经济社会进一步向前发展。尽管学界对“东向政策”的实施效果提出了质疑，但总体来看，该政策有力推动了马来西亚从传统农业国转向新兴工业国，加快了其工业现代化进程。     

马来西亚的马来人经济政策

马来西亚推行的马来人经济政策,包括农村经济政策和扶持马来人进入工商领域和专业服务领域的政策,有关政策使马来人土著全面参与各个经济领域,经济状况有明显改善.本文认为,政府通过倾向性政策减轻大多数马来人的贫困,有利于马来西亚社会的稳定发展.     

在国家认同与族群认同之间：马来西亚国家教育体制内的华文教育发展

马来西亚是一个多元族群国家,各族群之间能够保持融洽的关系,除了政治、经济、历史等多重因素,马来西亚教育政策特别是教学媒介语的作用也不可小觑。马来西亚教育政策规划以马来文为主要教学媒介语,以建构民众的国家认同为目标,而华人则通过制宪的努力,成功把华文教育纳入国家教育体制内,以期通过华文教育达到塑造族群认同的目的。本文尝试以国家教育体制内的主要华文教育机构——华小、华中和马来亚大学中文系为研究对象,探讨这三个教育机构所构成的系统如何达至平衡国家认同和族群认同的教育目标,进而完成跨族群交融,维护族群之间的和谐,为传承族群文化和维持国家稳定发挥了不可替代的作用。这一研究不仅有助于我们更加全面地了解马来西亚华文教育的发展状况,也为研究马来西亚华文教育提供了另一种思路。     

五、六十年代马来西亚拉赫曼政府的“一边倒”政策

五、六十年代马来西亚拉赫曼政府的“一边倒”政策①孟人杰１９５７年马来西亚获得独立，１９６３年马来西亚成立，一直到１９７０年拉赫曼下台，其政府执行的是倒向西方的政策。这个政策可以通过马来西亚与英联邦的关系、对社会主义国家的政策、以及马来西亚在地区形势中...     

《华人与马来西亚现代化进程》评介

20世纪 80年代以来 ,国内学术界对世界现代化问题进行了积极探索与开创性研究 ,推出了一批有代表性的著作。但是迄今为止 ,专门研究东南亚现代化 ,特别是研究马来西亚现代化问题的著作并不多见。韩方明先生撰写的《华人与马来西亚现代化进程》(商务印书馆 2 0 0 2年 10月出版 ,下称《进程》) ,从华人与马来西亚现代化关系生成的角度 ,研究了马来西亚现代化道路的曲折历程。这部著作既总结了作者多年的治学成果 ,又反映了作者在新形势下的创新。笔者在细读这部著作之后 ,发现作者在马来西亚华人和现代化问题研究方面有不少创新之处。《进程》…     

教育政策与民族问题——以马来西亚华文教育为例

马来西亚是一个多元种族和多元民族的国家.在殖民统治时期和独立后,殖民政府和马来西亚政府在教育政策上都实施英文和马来文优先的政策,限制华文和泰米尔文教育,以培养认同及效忠马来西亚的"良好"公民.在马来西亚华侨华人共同努力下,华文教育的发展道路虽然充满了艰辛和曲折,但至今已建立了从小学、中学、大专到大学的完整教育体系.本文指出,华文教育是马来西亚多元文化的一个重要内容.马来西亚教育政策的种族歧视是导致马来西亚种族和民族矛盾的一个重要原因.通过"尊重差异,包容多样"的民族政策,马来西亚的民族关系将会朝着更为和谐的方向发展.     

从FDI流动看马来西亚经济发展的隐忧

2009年外商对马来西亚的直接投资大幅下滑,马来西亚从东南亚地区的引资"优等生"转变为"差等生",说明马来西亚经济吸引力显著下降的事实,这无疑将对当前马来西亚经济改革的进程和目标产生十分重大的不利影响.基础条件不佳、经济上的长期结构性问题以及改革政策反复是影响马来西亚吸引外资能力的最主要因素.     

马来西亚城市化进程对马来家庭的影响

随着马来亚联合邦(马来西亚前身)于1957年宣布独立，该国的城市化进程如火如荼地拉开了帷幕。近半个世纪以来，随着政府颁布一系列扶植马来人的政策，特别是1971年推行新经济政策，越来越多的马来人从乡村涌向城市，投身到国家的经济建设中去。以伊斯兰教为生活指引的马来家庭在城市化浪潮中受到巨大冲击，发生了诸多改变。本研究通过对马来西亚首都吉隆坡47家低收入马来家庭的采访和调研，解析了马来家庭功能在城市化进程中发生的变化以及这种变化造成的影响。     

民主转型环境下的当代马来西亚印度人族群抗争运动

1997年亚洲金融危机引爆安瓦尔事件,以此为契机马来西亚逐渐进入民主转型时期.当代马来西亚印度人是一个非常特殊的群体,作为马来西亚第三大族群却深陷族群困境之中.在民主转型的政治与社会环境下,他们逐渐觉醒并开始积极利用日益兴起的社会运动形式进行抗争,将自身的利益诉求融入马来西亚社会的民主诉求之中并得到巨大的社会支持,但两大运动未来的关系仍存在很多不确定性.     

Media freedom in Malaysia

This article discusses the contemporary issue of media freedom in Malaysia. First, it discusses the concept of freedom of the press and determines which theories, Libertarian, Social Responsibility, or Authoritarian, are suitable in the context of analysing the real situation of media freedom in Malaysia. Second, by using the list of media freedom criteria from the Department of Journalistic Studies, Missouri University, US, analysis has been done to measure the situation of media freedom in Malaysia. Third, the article tries to show the latest movements and lobbies internally and externally in supporting the media freedom in Malaysia. To conclude the current situation, the Malaysian government has restricted media freedom for the purpose of national security and political stability. However, this article clearly shows that media in Malaysia has been controlled by the government and media companies associated with government leaders for political survivability of ruling government party and leaders to hold the power.     

Navigating a Highly Protected Market: China’s Chery Automobile in Malaysia

ABSTRACT

The economies of Malaysia and China have become increasingly integrated through trading and investment linkages. This article focuses on one aspect of this relationship, examining Chery, a Chinese car maker, and its internationalisation strategy and its localisation efforts in Malaysia. It does this by analysing Chery’s interaction with the host government, local partners and suppliers. Using an in-depth case study, it was found that Chery’s experience in navigating a set of complex state–society relations in Malaysia resulted from an adaptation of its business strategy to address protectionist and institutional constraints found in Malaysia. However, while relations between Chery, the local partner and government agencies have grown strongly, few interactions have evolved between Chery and local suppliers and national research and development facilities, limiting collective learning processes and production collaboration in Malaysia. The evidence also suggests that Chery’s present conundrum of low sales in the country could be solved through negotiations with the Malaysian government so as to evolve mutually beneficial partnerships with national automotive makers. The Malaysian government may also consider easing its protectionist measures to allow more foreign participation into the auto sector to stimulate growth and competitiveness.     

马来西亚政府金融干预的经验与启示

本文主要探讨马来西亚政府对金融部门的干预措施及其对社会经济发展的作用。马来西亚政府的金融干预政策在促进本国金融深化、推动社会均衡发展方面成效显著;但在支持本国支柱产业的建设、促进工业化进程方面效果欠佳。这主要与马金融体制的局限性及其金融租金的分配有关。马政府对金融部门干预的实践给中国及其他发展中国家提供不少有益的启示。     

伊斯兰原教旨主义与马来西亚穆斯林妇女

伊斯兰原教旨主义推动了马来西亚社会和政治的伊斯兰化,并影响到马来穆斯林妇女的权利和地位.本文从分析伊斯兰原教旨主义妇女观入手,探讨马来西亚政府、政党、宗教部门和非政府组织如何从法律、法特瓦、政策、宣传来规范妇女的行为,并分析联邦政府与州政府、执政党与反对党、乌来玛与非政府组织围绕妇女权利展开的争论和斗争.     

“It's God's plan to be here”: Displacement,Transit and Resettlement of Chin and Karenni Refugees to Australia

Ethnic minorities have been fleeing persecution in Myanmar for decades. Many have fled to neighbouring countries as a place of first asylum and Malaysia is now home to one the largest urban refugee populations in the region. Malaysia is not a signatory to the UN convention and protocol on refugees and the presence of the UNHCR are barely tolerated, which leaves refugees and asylum seekers in a perennial state of limbo. Most refugees in Malaysia hope that the UNHCR will determine their status and resettle them in the West. Australia has been a key resettlement country for refugees in transit in Malaysia due to the failed Malaysia swap deal that nonetheless secured 4,000 resettlement places from Malaysia to Australia between 2012 and 2016. Refugees look towards Australia as a good international citizen and wealthy resettlement country, where, they believe, they can fulfil their hopes and dreams and secure a future for their children. This article follows the stories of a number of refugees from transit in Malaysia to resettlement in Australia. Resettled refugees are considered the lucky ones, but this article documents the unexpected difficulties of settling in and beginning a new life in Australia.     

Chinese networks and enterprise development: Malaysian investments in China

This study assesses the argument that common ethnic identity has facilitated the creation of transnational business networks leading to the rise of a new economically powerful “global tribe” comprising ethnic Chinese from East and Southeast Asia. The primary contention in this article is that a network with the economic clout of a “global tribe” would entail interlocking stock-ownership ties, a sharing of resources and cooperation to the point of merger. Through an in-depth analysis of investments in China by ethnic Chinese from Malaysia, this article proves that even major Chinese-owned companies have little or no interlocking stock ownership and directorate links, either domestically or across borders, with other Chinese-owned companies. The growing inflow of investments into China by ethnic Chinese from Southeast Asia is primarily due to endeavours by government leaders in the region and China to encourage businesses to invest in the Mainland.     

Government and business in Thailand

Institutions linking state and society affect both political and economic processes. Particularly critical are those institutions tying business and government. The effectivess of these institutions helps to determine the relative success national economies achieve in exploiting the challenges posed by the international economy. The particular form of the institutions is a critical factor influencing the development of a country’s political system. This article addresses in general terms the differences between business-government ties in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand) and Northeast Asia (South Korea, Taiwan) as well as the differences among the former group. The article then offers a more detailed analysis of the patterns of cooperation and conflict between business and government in Tailand. His publications includeJapan’s Emerging Global Role (author and editor) (Lynne Rienner, 1993).     

从中国妇女受辱案看马来西亚华文报的历史责任

本文以中国女子受辱事件为观察对象,论述了马来西亚华文报纸的特点与功能,指出它们具有高度的新闻职业精神、履行华人喉舌职能、维护华人权益和帮助政府改善施政等特点。     

Money politics in Malaysia

This article discusses the issue of money politics in Malaysia over the past two decades. Firstly, it looks at the concept of money politics in Malaysia and how it is being perpetuated. Secondly, it discusses the relevant laws in Malaysia that could contain money politics. Lastly, the article concludes that Malaysia has the relevant laws to control money politics, but they have not been enforced properly. Therefore, money politics has been allowed to persist rampantly in Malaysia.