美军院校文化建设的经验及启示

美军院校注重教学设施建设、教学体系建设、校园风光建设、道德品质培养、校园文化活动开展等经验,值得我们吸收借鉴,以促进我军院校先进军事文化建设。     

高校贫困大学生身体素质状况的调查与研究

为了解高校贫困大学生身体素质现状与参加体育锻炼之间的相互关系,该研究采用了调查法,对贫困大学生和非贫困生进行了调查,结果发现,贫困男女大学生参加体育锻炼时间明显低于非贫困生(P<0.05),因而造成耐力素质、上肢爆发力、快速奔跑能力明显低于非贫困生(P<0.05或P<0.01),反映出高校贫困生较少参加体育锻炼,造成身体素质较差,因此,贫困学生的身体素质状况,应引起高校体育教育部门的高度重视.     

新媒体时代公安现役院校学员培养策略研究

结合相关实证调查结果,对新媒体时代公安现役院校学员培养策略进行了探讨。提出在对公安现役院校学员进行培养过程中:应综合利用发挥多种媒体功能;正视新媒体的两面性;开展新媒体素质教育,提高学员新媒体素养;加强纪律作风教育和科学管理;营造丰富多彩的校园文化;创建高质量的校园网络平台;开展网络心理健康教育。     

美军综合性军人健康计划的新特点和启示

综合性军人健康计划(comprehensive soldier fitness,CSF),是美国陆军近年来全面推广的长效促进军人全面健康的一项综合健康工程,通过全面及时的跟踪评估和教育训练,促进军人、文职和军人家属的健康,提高军队战斗力。通过文献阅读发现,目前关于综合性军人健康计划中军人心理健康部分的研究,分别集中在积极心理学理论的介绍和应用和心理弹性理论的介绍和应用两个方面,偏重技术原理介绍。透过技术原理层面,梳理其在促进军人心理健康方面理念、定位、执行上的新特点。     

美国行政问责制的特点及启示

笔者参加深圳市局级领导干部第六期“都市计划”培训班,在美国纽约州锡拉丘兹大学接受了为期一个月的《城市社会事务管理》专题培训。美国之行,让我更直观地感受到美国政府法治化、人性化的公共服务理念。美国采取扁平化的政府管理模式,建立了严格的问责制以确保政府及官员行政行为的合法性,保障公民的人身权利和财产权利不受侵犯,避免各种责任事故的发生,这给我留下了深刻的印象。     

国外物流业管理体制的特点及启示

一、国外物流管理体制的特点。1．大规模、高速增长的美国物流。美国是物流概念和物流技术的创始国。早在二战期间，美国军队为了卓有成效地调运军用物资，运用运筹学的理论方法，统筹安排人力运力，高效地完成了物资的调运和支援任务，这一做法被概括为“后勤供应”(Logistics)，后演变为现在的物流概念。战后，这种组织管理手段被用于企业的生产管理。美国的物流管理体制有如下几个主要特征.     

论邓小平理论创新精神的主要特点及启示

解放思想与实事求是的统一、科学性与革命性的统一、群众观与实践观的统一、前瞻性与现实性的统一是邓小平理论创新精神的主要特点。继承和发扬邓小平理论创新精神必须切实增强责任感和使命感,抓住机遇,及时总结人民创新实践,不失时机地推进理论创新。     

揭秘美军海豹突击队

5月2日,美国总统奥巴马宣布,“基地”组织领导人本·拉登已在当日凌晨的军事行动中被击毙。完成这一任务的是大名鼎鼎却异常神秘的美国王牌军——美国海军海豹突击队第六分队。     

揭秘美军海豹突击队

5月2日,美国总统奥巴马宣布,“基地”组织领导人本·拉登已在当日凌晨的军事行动中被击毙。完成这一任务的是大名鼎鼎却异常神秘的美国王牌军——美国海军海豹突击队第六分队。     

美军加强作风建设的主要做法及启示

美军十分重视加强作风建设,美军通过建章立制、教育学习、实践强化等措施来加强作风建设。美军加强作风建设对我军启示有:始终坚持依法治军、从严治军,在部队工作中严格落实各项法规制度,作风建设过程中要坚持以人为本,将作风培养的过程转化为官兵自觉行为的过程,在各种复杂条件下摔打磨练部队,加强部队在贴近实战环境中的作风培养。     

冷战结束后北美的马克思主义研究

冷战结束后,北美马克思主义研究领域涌现出许多新学派.在总结苏东剧变教训的基础上,这些学派大多认为马克思主义和社会主义没有"死亡",资本主义并不是历史的终结,并对马克思主义的未来发展方向和社会主义的未来发展道路进行了积极的探索,其中以分析的马克思主义、生态主义的马克思主义和市场社会主义的相关观点最具代表性.     

Leader Incentives and Civil War Outcomes

This article examines the influence that rebel and state leaders have on civil war outcomes, arguing that incentives to avoid punishment influence their strategic decision making during war.  Leaders in civil war face punishment from two sources: internal audiences and opponents. I hypothesize that leaders who bear responsibility for involvement in the war have a higher expectation of punishment from both sources following unfavorable war performance, and thus, have incentives to continue the fight in the hope of turning the tide and avoiding the negative consequences of defeat. These incentives, in turn, make leaders who bear responsibility more likely to fight to an extreme outcome and less likely to make concessions to end the war.  These propositions are tested on an original data set identifying all rebel and state leaders in all civil conflict dyads ongoing between 1980 and 2011.  Results support the hypothesized relationships between leader responsibility and war outcomes.     

中美人才使用比较及启示

人才使用是一门艺术,如何更好地发挥人才的作用,在竞争激烈的今天具有非常重要的意义。我国古代和一些西方国家在人才使用上积累了很多丰富的经验,值得我们学习借鉴。本文在分析我国古代人才使用观和美国人才使用观的基础上,比较了我国古代和美国人才使用在人才观、人才价值和地位、人才使用基础、标准、激励、效应等方面的差异,针对我国人才使用中的一些误区,提出完善人才评判标准,实行科学的人才观;建立人才流动机制,促进人才的社会化;转换视角,注重人才使用的群体效益;认可人才的价值,合理拉开收入差距;爱护人才,确保人才的可持续发展的对策建议。     

关于鸦片战争对中国影响的研究综述

鸦片战争是中国近代史的开端,开启了中国的近代化进程。对鸦片战争的研究一直是学术界研究的重要领域之一。不忘惨痛历史,才能走向伟大复兴。文章拟从政治、经济、思想文化和社会生活四个方面简单综述鸦片战争对中国的影响。     

The impact of the Second World War on postwar social spending

The huge quantitative literature on postwar social spending almost entirely neglected war as a possible explanatory factor of social spending dynamics. Given the mass carnage and the enormous social needs caused by the Second World War, this is quite astonishing. This article examines for the first time, whether, and in what ways, the Second World War affected cross‐national differences in public social spending of 18 Western welfare states over the course of the Golden Age. Using panel regressions, it is found that the war strongly affected social spending until the late 1960s. The evidence demonstrates that the Second World War is not simply a temporal watershed structuring different phases of welfare state development, but rather a crucial factor for understanding cross‐national differences in welfare efforts and social expenditure dynamics in the postwar period.     

Indigenous voters and party system fragmentation in Latin America

This article shows that ethnic cleavages have contributed to electoral fragmentation in Latin America, but not in the way that the social cleavages literature would expect. It finds that party system fragmentation in the region is not correlated with ethnic diversity, but rather with the proportion of the population that is indigenous. The failure of the main parties to adequately represent indigenous people, it argues, has led indigenous voters to shift their support to a variety of smaller populist and leftist parties, which has produced high levels of party system fragmentation in indigenous areas. Where a significant indigenous party has emerged, however, indigenous voters have flocked to that party, which has reduced party system fragmentation. Analyses of sub-national electoral data from Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Peru provide support for these arguments.     

美国战略重心东移的特点

自奥巴马政府上台以来,美国开始推行战略重心东移政策,将战略重点从欧洲、中东地区转向亚太。在一系列的战略举措中,美国渐渐展露出其战略重心东移的特点。本篇文章将从大战略的视角,对美国战略重心东移的特点进行剖析。     

Rivalry between Taiwan and the PRC in Latin America

Latin America and the Caribbean have been a major battleground of the “foreign policy war” between Taiwan and the PRC over international legitimacy, and recognition. This paper analyzes the growing rivalry between China and Taiwan and its implications. The first part of the paper examines the importance of Latin America and the Caribbean for both Beijing and Taipei. The second section explores political aspects of their involvement in the region. The third part assesses how Beijing and Taipei use economic diplomacy to meet their diplomatic objectives in Latin America. The fourth section examines the implications of the increasing rivalry between Taipei and Beijing in the region. This study is supported by a Fulbright scholarship and a faculty development grant from Merrimack College. The views in the paper are entirely mine and should not be ascribed to the institutions acknowledged above. I would like to express my appreciation to Wang Hsiu-chi at Tamkang University in Taiwan who provided me with excellent facilities during my field trip to Taiwan. Author would like to thank Curtis Martin, Lowell Dittmer, Xiaogang Deng, Antonio Hsiang, Tchen Tchiang, Baohui Zhang, Baogang Guo, Guoli Liu, Ping Li, and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on earlier versions of this paper. An earlier version of the paper was presented at the International Symposium on National Identity and the Future Cross-Strait Relations, University of Macau, in December, 2004.     

第二次柏林危机与冷战时期德国的外交政策

第二次柏林危机期间,美国试图牺牲联邦德国利益与苏联达成妥协,动摇了联邦德国对于它的西方最强大盟友的信心,迫使联邦德国重新审视其依靠西方实力促进德国重新统一的政策,着手改善与东方之间的关系。对美国的失望,坚定了联邦德国走德法合作道路的决心,促使联邦德国更加密切与法国的关系。从这个意义上来说,第二次柏林危机对联邦德国的外交政策影响深远。     

冷战后西欧政党格局的演变与启示

新世纪以来,为研究“共产党的执政规律”,有关政党问题的论著相继问世,其中不少论著涉及西欧政党问题。但能够既系统又简要且具学术性地反映出政党发源地——西欧国家冷战后政党基本状况的论著并不多见。本组笔谈力图达到这个目的。