论大学生参与法律援助与诊所式法学教育的融合

法律援助事业的发展,关系到弱势群体权益的保护和我国法治建设进程,而我国法律援助正面临突出的供需矛盾。大学生有能力也有义务担当这一社会责任,但大学生参与法律援助的现状不容乐观。诊所式法学教育提供了一种新的法学教育方法和法律援助模式,将其与大学生参与法律援助融合,既可以缓解法律援助的供需矛盾,也可以促进法学教育的革新和学生法律实践能力的提高。     

基于当前我国高校法律援助工作的几点思考

本文通过概述我国高校法律援助与法学教育现状,剖析制约我国高等院校法律援助发展的瓶颈,如地位缺失、管理混乱、人才流失、经费不足等,提出了完善我国高校法律援助工作的四点思考,即完善立法体系,建立双重分级分类管理,优化人员结构、制定激励措施,拓展资金筹集渠道等,为建立规范的高校法律援助制度提供策略。     

法律援助制度与诊所法律教育

法律援助制度的发展和完善,关系到我国社会主义法治建设的进程、人权的司法保障和平等权利的保护。就我国的实际情况而言,能够胜任法律援助的专业人士数量太少,国家法律援助的财政拨款有限,目前,法律援助机构办理的援助案件数量,远远不能满足社会对法律援助的需求。诊所法律教育作为一种法律援助模式,将法学教育与法律援助相结合,能缓解法律援助案件日渐增多的矛盾,促进我国法律援助事业和法学教育改革的进一步发展。     

浅谈我国法律援助与诊所式法律教育的互动——基于温州大学的实证分析

法律援助制度是完善社会保障体系的重要措施,目前我国法律援助制度存在的最大问题就是财力、人力不足的问题,诊所式法律教育的出现,可以弥补和解决此问题。同时,法律援助制度的发展与完善又能推动诊所式法律教育的发展,促进法学教育目标的实现。文章基于温州大学开展诊所式法律教育的实践,分析我国法律援助与诊所式法律教育的互动。     

临床法学教育与法学人才培养——平等式对话教学方式的魅力

借鉴国外临床法学教育经验 ,探索我国法学教育课程改革 ,已是刻不容缓。实践证明 ,高校法律援助中心作为临床法学教育的基地 ,教师以平等对话的教学方式指导学生独立、正确地“做”以及“做”的技巧 ,这不仅有利于法学教育逐步摆脱传统的知识教育与智力教育的桎梏 ,而且有利于学生拥有学习的自主权 ,独立承担起学习的责任 ,培养和锻炼其终身职业发展的能力。     

论司法考试与我国法学教育的良性互动

司法考试从正面和积极的角度来看,对高等法学教育的目标定位和教育理念的创新方面殊具价值.但是司法考试对于目前我国的法学教育也存在着诸多的负面牵制和消极影响,这是我国法学教育改革面临的重点问题.要实现我国司法考试与法学教育之间良性互动并不能单纯考虑法学教育的改革,而应当是从有利于培养法律职业共同体出发的宏观考量,其间也必然包括了对于我们已经实施多年的司法考试制度的完善与发展.     

中国高等法学教育三十年发展回顾

我国自1977年全面恢复高等法学教育开始,至今已经30年的历程,可分为5个发展阶段。每个阶段面临着不同的现实要求。在此过程中,为了适应社会发展需要,高等法学教育进行了相应变革,力求建立既满足我国实际需要又适合国际发展趋势的法律人才培养体系。我国大陆法学教育近三十年来的恢复性发展,完成了教育规模上的扩张,初步探索了法学人才培养的基本模式。由于我国大陆高等法学教育的发展伴随着国家现代化建设进程而展开,与大众化教育的趋势同步,掺杂着政府管理与服务方式的改革,使法学教育一直处于满负荷、高速度和超常规的状态。发展的压力没有留给我们更多的时间来充分思考和调整,在法学教育发展中出现一定的盲目性。我们必须认真对待高等法学教育存在的实际问题,改善既有的人才培养体制。     

改革和完善我国法律援助制度的思考

本文以构建和谐社会为出发点,运用法学和社会学的观点,贯穿以人为本和维护弱者的思想,对法律援助的应有内涵、发展远景、统领机构、资源配置、统筹管理、正当程序、质量监控等法律援助制度中的主要问题进行了考量、审视和研究,就我国法律援助制度的改革和完善提出了建设性意见。     

法学"诊所式"教学模式的困境与出路

我国法学教育长期以来过分强调知识教育而忽视职业能力培养,严重脱离法律实践.诊所式模式更注重学生实践能力的培养,能够弥补我国传统法学教学的不足,使学生在教师的指导下有更多实践机会,教与学的互动更加明显.但作为一种舶来品,法律诊所教育在我国仍面临种种发展障碍,本文在分析这些障碍的基础上探讨了诊所教育与传统法学教育的对接途径,主张兼采法学传统教育与诊所教育两者之长推动高等法学教育的科学发展.     

高校学生开展法律援助问题研究——以武汉地区为例

高校学生开展法律援助对扶助弱势群体和法学教育有重大而深远的意义。武汉地区的武汉大学、中南财经政法大学、中南民族大学和华中科技大学的学生法律援助工作近年来取得了一定的成绩,但仍存在着如管理机制不健全等问题,因此需要采取切实可行的应对措施来加以完善。     

BRIEF VIEW ON THE STANDARDIZED TRAINING OF LEGAL PRACTICE SKILLS

Because of the massive expansion in enrollment, the number of graduates from law schools across the country is unprecedented, but the rate of unemployment is also unprecedented in comparison with the graduation. In stark contrast, many employees are finding it difficult to find graduates of talent fitting directly to working requirements. The traditional mode of education is to cultivate students with legal research abilities, but the main social need calls for graduates who are prepared to practice, which has caused the low employment. As a result, the graduates’ failure to meet the social demand caused serious imbalance between supply and demand. The characteristic of legal practice skills is to solve practical problems through the practice of adapting legal knowledge, but practical skill training in law school education now is basically nonexistent. The training of legal practice skills must be conducted through aspects of course design, and therefore teaching methods necessitate comprehensive reformation. The practice skills of the legal profession, such as basic literacy, basic skills, and work skills, are indispensable to the education of students. Educating them to attain these skills will aid them directly in practical work after graduation, improve their work quality and employment rate, and consequently improve the whole overall quality of the legal profession.     

论作为"制度"的法学院

法律职业为限制性的职业,目前两大法系主要国家都在制度上将法学院教育作为进入法律职业的第一道门槛;法律的技艺性、智识性和一定的神秘性及其规范特征决定了法律职业必须具备共同的职业素养,凭借法学教授、法学图书资科和法学院的社区生活三要件,制度性法学院而非仅仅作为场所的法学院培育这些素养并促使法律职业共同体形成。我国现实呼唤在制度上确立法学院教育的门槛地位,建设胜任于培育法律人的制度性法学院。     

法学院教育的地方化与国家化

正规的法学院教育在培养德才兼备的法律家,实现法律家之治的进程中意义重大,因此颇受各国重视。但是,我国由于多层次办学等诸多原因,造成法学院教育的地方化:学生招收、培养、就业地方化及法学教授的地方化,从而不利于法学综合素质和学术精神的培养,甚至会影响司法公正和依法治国的实现。应当统一法律教育,实行法学院教育的国家化,将法学院教育的管理权收归国家,并采取所有的法学院在全国招生、全国就业和某些特殊限制的相关制度。     

中国当代法学教育的两极化构想

中国的法学教育面对21世纪的挑战与机遇,明显地显现出其知识结构的缺陷。针对于此,在培养法学人才 方面,应区分法律精英教育和法律常识教育。法律精英教育高于法律本科教育,取消法律本科教育;法律常识教育主 要普及于中小学教育。这样,就可以适应我国当代社会的发展和建设法治国家的需要。     

法学教育中的法律伦理教育问题研究

从法律的内在价值要求、我国法治建设中存在的问题,提出法律伦理教育是我国法学教育不可或缺的重要组成部分.法律伦理包括蕴含在法律制度中的制度伦理与法律职业者在职业活动中的法律行为伦理即职业道德两部分.法律伦理教育的目标就是要把学生培养成为具有健全的法律伦理人格,有助于法律终极目标实现的"社会医生".这一目标的实现有赖于法学教育理念的重构和法学教学方法的转变.目前,开展法律伦理教育面临的障碍主要有思想认识上的偏颇,社会"道德滑坡"的大环境以及法律国家主义的影响等.     

Using soft skills courses to inspire law teachers: a new methodology for a more humanistic legal education

ABSTRACT

Law schools have in recent years been engaged in a process of revising their curricula, in large part adapting to rapid changes in technology, but also in a more generalised effort to improve “teaching the law”. Yet thus far, legal pedagogy seems to focus disproportionately on the traditional model of the “thinking lawyer”, when it should equally promote the model of the “feeling lawyer”, helping students to sharpen soft skills such as empathy, integrity and problem-solving. The main claim of this paper is that law professors could begin to pay more attention to the growing importance of soft skills in legal education and preparedness for legal practice. In this direction, we propose a set of pedagogical principles revolving around four axes: compassionate, attentive, reason-based and empathetic teaching (CARE). This methodology could help law professors become more effective pedagogues. Soft skills courses constitute a well-suited vehicle for introducing these principles to law school curricula in different legal systems. By systematically incorporating them, law schools can encourage law teachers to provide a more inclusive learning environment for their students. At the same time, law teachers who implement the particular methodology can hopefully rediscover fulfilment in their teaching. Overall, teaching soft skills can significantly improve students’ and teachers’ experience in legal education.     

试论日本法学教育改革之得失检讨与经验借鉴

东亚国家的现代法学教育大多起源于19世纪末期,定型于20世纪中期,早已在岁月的冲刷下千疮百孔,无力承担建设完善法治社会的重任,急需发动大规模的改革加以修补。在这种情势之下,日本率先发动了法学教育改革,其以建立法科大学院为基础,以推行法学教育职业化与精英化为导向,以设置新型司法考试制度为保障。日本的举措既有成功经验可供借鉴,又有失败教训应当汲取,为我国法学教育的改革提供了有益的启示。     

“法律人”：中国法学高等教育的人才目标新探

在中国日益融入全球化进程的背景下,中国法学教育改革的步伐和力度也在不断加快加深。作为基础法学教育的本科法 学教育,“法律人”应作为中国法学高等教育的人才目标。它所具有完整的内涵包括:高尚的法治信仰是“法律人”的首要价值标准,严 谨的法律思维是“法律人”的必备技术,扎实的专业知识和实践技能是“法律人”的生存之本,良好的人文素养和综合素质是“法律人” 的基础条件。     

Moonlighting in Law School: A Multischool Study of Part-Time Employment of Full-Time Students

The part-time employment of full-time law students is a significant aspect of contemporary legal education. Successful socialization and training in law are presumed to require the undivided time, effort, and commitment of students. Part-time employment, therefore, is commonly believed to siphon those scarce personal resources away from the central task of legal education. This multi-school study of a sample of 1,370 law students attempted to determine the significant ways in which employed students were differentiated from nonemployed classmates in finances, attitudes, and uses of time, and whether type of law school and student's year in school had effects on patterns of student employment.
The incidence of part-time employment, while strongly related to personal financial resources, was found to be equally influenced by the type of school attended and year in school. While those settings varied substantially in the degree of permissiveness toward student part-time employment, students employed part time could not be distinguished statistically from their nonemployed classmates in terms of levels of involvement in law school or their levels of morale. Both temporal and attitudinal disengagement from law school were found to be commonplace among upper-class students in all school settings, but part-time employment did not appear to contribute to it uniquely.     

Law’s not hard; it’s just hard to get into: a study of alternative entry students to law school

Widening access to higher education is a challenge currently under discussion in Australia and the United Kingdom. The increasing number of alternative entry programs offered by universities has made tertiary study, including law study, more accessible. One concern with widening access to legal education is the ability of students entering law school through means other than very high academic scores to undertake a law degree successfully. Students who enter law school are generally referred to as “high achievers”, having qualified through an admission policy based on competitive rankings. The implementation of equitable access programs in some Australian universities has resulted in a number of places being made available to final year high school students who meet the eligibility criteria. Lowering the entry requirements to some courses provides opportunities for students whose circumstances have affected their ability to attain competitive ranking scores. The Principals’ Recommendation Scheme (PRS) is one of these programs. The University of Technology Sydney in New South Wales, Australia commenced the PRS in 2012. UTS:Law was one of the first Faculties to develop a strategy to support these students. The Faculty is committed to resourcing all students in their study and, as a result, is engaged in the ongoing evaluation of the academic and co-curricular programs provided to students. This paper explains the implementation of the PRS and the relevant support infrastructure available to students. It also considers the research into student retention and academic success and makes a preliminary assessment that, to date, the PRS students are succeeding in the transition from secondary education to law school, and that the existing infrastructure is accommodating the needs of these students. The PRS is an alternative entry scheme that provides a model for consideration by other law schools, committed to widening access to legal education.