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1.
This study examines perceptions of personal distress, interpersonal functioning and family climate reported by men and women
involved in unidirectional versus bidirectional spouse abuse. Participants were 7253 offenders treated by the USAF Family
Advocacy Program from 1988 to 1996. Over a quarter of the sample is female and included among them were both unidirectional
and bidirectional offenders. Grouping factors for the analysis are gender, directionality of aggression, history of abuse
in childhood, history of recidivism, and severity of aggression. Females and offenders raised in abusive homes reported more
negative perceptions across the measured spheres. Unidirectional abusers reported more personal distress, but bidirectional
abuse had more conflicted family climates. Few differences were noted in offenders' perceptions based on the severity of their
abuse or their history of repeat offenses. Tests for interactions yielded no reliable pattern indicating that grouping factors
were related to outcomes in an additive fashion. 相似文献
2.
John H. Newby James E. McCarroll Laurie E. Thayer Ann E. Norwood Carol S. Fullerton Robert J. Ursano 《Journal of family violence》2000,15(2):199-208
Black soldiers are overrepresented in the U.S. Army Central Registry of spouse abuse cases. For each year between 1989 and 1997, the number of black offenders outnumbers white offenders, while the white population outnumbers the black population. When age-specific rates per 1000 were computed, the rates for blacks were greater than those for whites in every age group. The highest rates for both races were in the 18- to 21-year age group. Age-specific rate ratios between blacks and whites for 1997 ranged from 3.4 for the 18- to 21-year-old group to 1.9 for the 42- to 46-year age group. All of the rate ratios except the one for the 42 to 46-year age group were statistically significant. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an unlikely explanation for these findings as SES was reasonably controlled. Culturally specific longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the reasons for differences in black and white spouse abuse incidents. 相似文献
3.
On the basis of a learning-theory approach to the intergenerational transmission of violence, researchers have focused almost exclusively on violent men's childhood experiences of physical abuse and witnessing family violence. Little consideration has been given to the coexistence of other forms of child maltreatment or the role of family dysfunction in contributing to violence. This study shows the relationships between the level of child maltreatment (physical abuse, psychological maltreatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and witnessing family violence), childhood family characteristics, current alcohol abuse, trauma symptomatology, and the level of physical and psychological spouse abuse perpetrated by 36 men with a history of perpetrating domestic violence who had attended counseling. As hypothesized, a high degree of overlap between risk factors was found. Child maltreatment, low family cohesion and adaptability, and alcohol abuse was significantly associated with frequency of physical spouse abuse and trauma symptomatology scores, but not psychological spouse abuse. Rather than physical abuse or witnessing family violence, childhood neglect uniquely predicted the level of physical spouse abuse. Witnessing family violence (but not physical abuse) was found to have a unique association with psychological spouse abuse and trauma symptomatology. These results present a challenge to the understanding of domestic violence obtained from learning theory. 相似文献
4.
Janet R. Johnston Soyoung Lee Nancy W. Olesen Marjorie G. Walters 《Family Court Review》2005,43(2):283-294
In this study of 120 divorced families referred for child custody evaluations and custody counseling, multiple allegations of child abuse, neglect, and family violence were raised in the majority of cases. About half of the alleged abuse was substantiated in some way with one fourth involving abuse perpetrated by both parents. Different kinds of allegations were raised against mothers compared with fathers. Implications of these findings for social policy, family court interventions, and the provision of coordinated services within the community are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Protection from abuse orders have been presented in the contemporary literature as one of many tools in protecting battered
women. While protection from abuse orders provide legal protection from abuse, many abusers violate these court orders. The
current study describes the characteristics of 1,873 alleged domestic violence abusers in Sedgwick County, Kansas. Data were
collected from protection from abuse filings over a 12-month time frame. The data were used to examine the demographics of
offenders as well as to assess the prior arrests of the offenders. Results showed that abusers were typically white males,
average age of 33 with extensive past criminal arrest histories. 相似文献
6.
Jisun Park Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(3):860-864
Data on 552 child maltreatment cases in South Korea involving convictions, including child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, were analyzed in order to compare 259 offenses committed by male offenders with 293 offenses committed by female offenders. Relative to cases involving female offenders, male offenders both had a higher number of criminal convictions and were more likely to have previously abused their victims. By contrast, female offenders were more likely to have had financial difficulties, while their victims were significantly younger compared to male offenders. Male offenders were more likely to strike the victim, either manually or with an instrument, particularly a blunt instrument, whereas female offenders were more likely to pinch or bite their victims. The findings can aid social workers and medical personnel in recognizing the signs of child maltreatment and identifying at-risk children more effectively, helping to employ timely interventions and prevent the reoccurrence of child maltreatment. 相似文献
7.
We used data from a survey of inmates who have committed homicide or assault to examine whether men and women who have killed or assaulted their intimate partners are different from other violent offenders. A “gender perspective” implies that intimate partner violence and violence between the sexes have different etiologies than other types of violence, whereas a “violence perspective” implies that they have similar etiologies. Our evidence supports a violence perspective. In general, offenders who attack their partners are similar to other offenders in terms of their prior records, alcohol and drug use, and experiences of abuse. We observed some differences between men who attack women (including their female partners) and other male offenders, but the differences were opposite those predicted by a gender perspective. For example, men who attacked their partners were particularly likely to have been abused by their partners. In addition, men who attacked women were particularly likely to have experienced sexual abuse during childhood and to have been intoxicated at the time of the incident. These results suggest that some well-known predictors of violence are particularly strong predictors of male violence against women and female partners. 相似文献
8.
The co-occurrence of domestic violence and child abuse is well documented (Appel, A. E., & Holden, G. W. (1998). J. Fam. Psychol. 12: 578–599; Edleson, J. L. (1999). Violence Against Women 5: 134–154). However, little is known about the correlates of co-occurring wife and child abuse. Analyzing data from the 1985 National Family Violence Survey (subsample N = 2733), this study identified risk factors associated with the co-occurrence of wife and child abuse. One-way ANOVA and chi-square analyses were conducted to compare characteristics of parents, children, and households among subgroups of families reporting some form of abuse. Key differences emerged between the three types of homes compared (i.e., those with child abuse alone, wife abuse alone, or wife and child abuse), indicating possibly distinct etiologies and processes. In particular, the co-occurrence of wife and child abuse was marked by less education, worse health, increased reports of depression, and increased husband drug use. Findings may be useful to practitioners and researchers interested in risk factors for different forms of family violence.The total does not equal 100% because certain states report more than one form of maltreatment per child. 相似文献
9.
Louise Dixon Catherine Hamilton-Giachritsis Kevin Browne Eugene Ostapuik 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(8):675-689
This study considers the characteristics associated with mothers and fathers who maltreat their child and each other in comparison
to parents who only maltreat their child. One hundred and sixty-two parents who had allegations of child maltreatment made
against them were considered. The sample consisted of 43 fathers (Paternal Family—PF) and 23 mothers (Maternal Family—MF)
who perpetrated both partner and child maltreatment, together with 23 fathers (Paternal Child—PC) and 26 mothers (Maternal Child—MC) who perpetrated child maltreatment only. In addition, 2 fathers (Paternal Victim—PV) and 23 mothers (Maternal Victim—MV) were victims of intimate partner maltreatment and perpetrators of child maltreatment and 7 fathers (Paternal Non-abusive Carer—PNC) and 15 mothers (Maternal Non-abusive Carer—MNC) did not maltreat the child but lived with an individual who did. Within their family unit, 40.7% of parents perpetrated both intimate partner and child maltreatment. However, fathers were
significantly more likely to maltreat both their partner and child than mothers and mothers were significantly more likely
to be victims of intimate partner violence than fathers. PF fathers conducted the highest amount of physical and/or sexual
child maltreatment while MC and MV mothers perpetrated the highest amount of child neglect. Few significant differences between
mothers were found. PF fathers had significantly more factors associated with development of a criminogenic lifestyle than
PC fathers. Marked sex differences were demonstrated with PF fathers demonstrating significantly more antisocial characteristics,
less mental health problems and fewer feelings of isolation than MF mothers. MC mothers had significantly more childhood abuse,
mental health problems, parenting risk factors and were significantly more likely to be biologically related to the child
than PC fathers. This study suggests that violent families should be assessed and treated in a holistic manner, considering
the effects of partner violence upon all family members, rather than exclusively intervening with the violent man.
Requests for reprints should be sent to Louise Dixon, Center for Forensic and Family Psychology, School of Psychology, University
of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. 相似文献
10.
AbstractTo date, there has been limited examination of variables that influence sentencing in child sexual abuse cases. This study examines the extent to which offence characteristics (such as the number of offences, number and age of victims), the behaviour and perceived credibility of the victim impact upon both sentence length and the setting of earliest parole dates. Analyses conducted using data from 66 adjudicated cases of child sexual assault from the County Court of Victoria, Australia revealed that longer sentences were handed down to offenders who had perpetrated multiple offences, or who had committed offences against younger children. Lower levels of victim credibility were associated with shorter sentences and earlier parole dates for offenders, which were also associated with the presence of more harmful behavioural indicators of abuse. The findings are discussed regarding the importance of presenting evidence about the behaviour of victims following sexual abuse in criminal trials. 相似文献
11.
Samara McPhedran 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(1):41-52
Animal abuse and family violence appear to be “linked” and tend to co-occur in the same households. Companion animals are
often regarded as family members, if not by the abuser, then by others within the family. Consequently, in families where
any given form of violence exists, animal abuse is also more likely to exist. This paper examines animal abuse in the context
of abusive home environments, and the relationship between an abusive home in childhood and the range of behavioral problems
that may extend into adulthood. Existing investigations are reviewed with reference to prevalence, epidemiology, and child
development theory. It appears that holistic interventions to counter abusive home environments may represent the most effective
way to break the association between animal cruelty and interpersonal violence, by addressing the shared situational characteristics
common to a range of violent behaviors.
相似文献
Samara McPhedranEmail: |
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14.
An Integrated Theoretical Model of Sibling Violence and Abuse 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Drawing on three theoretical perspectives (feminist, conflict, and social learning), an integrated analytical model of adolescence sibling violence and abuse is proposed. The model suggests that certain characteristics of the parents' relationship, various aspects of parent–child relations, and characteristics of the sibling relationship are major components in explaining sibling violence and abuse. These are mediated by individual sibling characteristics and sibling verbal conflict. The model should enable researchers to systematically examine, in a more holistic way, the factors related to violence and abuse, and to assess their relative importance in accounting for these phenomena. 相似文献
15.
The prevalence and serious consequences of family violence have given rise to massive research efforts. However, there is
often a discrepancy between the official definitions and public perception of child abuse, elder abuse, and spouse abuse cases.
Under-reporting is common due to lack of awareness of the abusive behaviors by the public. Differences between perception
of abuse and reporting are well documented in the context of single group of victims. However, research studies on the differences
in perception and reporting of different forms of abusive behaviors that occur to victims of child abuse, spouse abuse, and
elder abuse are scarce. The present study attempts to examine whether perception and reporting of abuse will be different
with respect to who the victim is and how the victim is abused. Findings show that perception and reporting of abusive behavior
differ with respect to the victims of abuse and to the nature of abusive behaviors. Implications of these differences and
directions for practice are discussed.
相似文献
Yuk-chung ChanEmail: |
16.
Maureen Outlaw 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(4):263-272
Although research into intimate partner abuse has expanded throughout the past several decades and increased our understanding
of this multi-faceted phenomenon, the vast majority of empirical work is still focused almost exclusively on physical violence—against
women in particular. Although a crucial issue in our society, physical violence against women is only one facet in an array
of possible abusive behaviors toward an intimate partner. Researchers have long acknowledged the existence of multiple forms
of non-physical abuse. These types of abuse have received little research attention, however, and are commonly lumped together
simply as “non-physical” or “emotional” abuse. There is no reason to believe, however, that all forms of non-physical abuse
are the same, whether in intensity, frequency, or co-existence with physical violence. The current study attempts to disentangle
the multiple types of nonviolent abuse to examine prevalence, differences by sex, and its relationships to physical abuse.
Using Tjaden and Thoennes’ (1998) survey data, this study examines the prevalence of different types of non-physical abuse, both in the general population
and among those experiencing physical violence Findings indicate that non-physical partner abuse is more common than physical
and that non-physical abuse does not show striking sex differences, as is commonly believed. There is strong evidence that
some types of non-physical abuse serve as clear risk factors for physical abuse and may increase risk of more frequent violence
among those already being abused. These relationships do not, however, differ by sex. Implications for future research are
discussed.
相似文献
Maureen OutlawEmail: |
17.
The purpose of this study is to explore how abuse experienced from a current partner and history of childhood abuse perpetrated
by a parent are related to trauma symptomalogy in a sample of 82 women adjudicated for Intimate Partner Violence related offenses.
Findings are mixed. Although a majority of the participants report some abuse from their partner and/or parent, both the degree
of this violence and the presence of trauma pathology are lower than expected. Additionally, correlations between the three
scales of partner abuse and the degree of posttraumatic sequelae are either low or did not meet significance. However, level
of childhood abuse perpetrated by a mother is highly correlated with traumatic sequelae while childhood abuse from father
is not. A number of reasons for these findings, which have implications for practice and future research, are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Catherine So-kum Tang 《Journal of family violence》1999,14(2):173-191
The present study aimed to explore the extent and pattern of wife abuse in Hong Kong Chinese families. The sample included 1,132 married women aged 18 or older randomly selected from the community. Results showed that 67.2% of the surveyed women reported at least one incident of verbal abuse, and 10% experienced at least one incident of physical abuse by their husbands during the surveyed year. Husband-to-wife minor physical violence was almost seven times more than husband-to-wife severe physical violence (9.8% vs 1.4%). Couples' age and their age differences were related to physical wife abuse but not verbal wife abuse. Specifically, physical wife abuse in the form of minor violence occurred most frequently among married men and women aged 30 or below; and both minor and severe physical violence to wife was found most frequently among couples whose ages were more than 20 years apart. Couples' education level, differences in education, occupation, family income, and number of children were not related to various forms of wife abuse; whereas the length of marriage and marital satisfaction were significant correlates of wife abuse. Results were discussed with regard to relevant local and Western studies. 相似文献
19.
Suzanne Salzinger Richard S. Feldman Daisy S. Ng-Mak Elena Mojica Tanya Stockhammer Margaret Rosario 《Journal of family violence》2002,17(1):23-52
This study tests a model of the effects on child behavioral outcome of the child's exposure to partner violence and child abuse, in children who have experienced the two forms of victimization either separately or together. Recognizing that family contextual factors play an important role in influencing child outcome, an ecological model is proposed that designates family stress as the principal exogenous factor, with effects on child outcome mediated through caretaker distress, partner violence, and child abuse. The sample consists of 100 confirmed cases of physically abused New York City schoolchildren, ages 9 to 12 years, and their families, and 100 nonmaltreated classmates, matched for gender, age, and, as closely as possible, for race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, and their families. Child behavioral outcome is assessed by classmates for antisocial, prosocial, and withdrawn behavior and by parents and teachers for externalizing and internalizing problem behavior. Results are generally consistent with the hypothesis that partner violence and caretaker distress, both associated with family stress, increase the risk for child abuse and thereby raise the child's risk for poor outcome. Implications of differences among raters for the model's applicability, and implications of the results for clinical intervention, are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) by women against men has been the subject of much debate. Feminists typically argue that IPV
is committed only by men against women. Others argue that violence is a human problem and women also commit much IPV. To resolve
these debates, IPV has been classified into two categories: common couple violence captured by population-based studies, and
patriarchal terrorism, captured by studies of battered women. This typology ignores male victims of extreme IPV. The current
study addresses this omission by describing 190 male callers to the Domestic Abuse Helpline for Men. All callers experienced
physical abuse from their female partners, and a substantial minority feared their wives’ violence and were stalked. Over
90% experienced controlling behaviors, and several men reported frustrating experiences with the domestic violence system.
Callers’ reports indicated that their female abusers had a history of trauma, alcohol/drug problems, mental illness, and homicidal
and suicidal ideations.
相似文献
Denise A. HinesEmail: |