印度教文化对现代印度社会的影响

印度是一个充满神话、充满差异的国家.她的历史悠久,文化底蕴深厚而独特,民族、种族、宗教、语言、人口众多.世俗主义的追求、教派主义的根深蒂固所带给印度社会的影响惟印度独有.而她如今又义无返顾地走在现代化征程上,实现着民族与国家崛起的梦想,由此,她越来越多地吸引着世界的目光.印度教作为印度主流文化对印度社会的影响是本文选择的一个观察印度社会的视角.印度教几乎主宰了印度两千年的历史,虽然在其后的1000多年里,印度的文化逐渐变成了一个熔不同民族、宗教和语言的影响于一炉的综合体,印度文化已经不能单纯由印度教文化体现,但不了解印度教文化的特征,就无法了解印度文化和印度社会的变化.     

试析印度人民党的双重属性

印度人民党的思想基础、政治战略和执政政策表明它是一个具有宗教民族主义倾向的现代政党,而"现代政党"的性质则要求它以印度民族作为自己的社会基础.印度人民党这种游走于教派民族主义和世俗主义之间的双重属性,从根本上反映了印度社会发展过程中的矛盾特征.     

印度教民族主义

印度教民族主义产生于20世纪初期,是印度教复 兴运动中一股保守主义思潮。在这股思潮影响下产生了若干个有影响的教派主义组织和政党。80年代初,以印度人民党(简称印人党)崛起为标志,印度教民族主义又一次兴起高潮,其影响是广泛而深远的。     

印度:生死热浪

印度教教徒的沐浴、斋戒、禁欲、瑜伽、林栖、瞑想等习俗,以及印度文化重玄想、重宗教超越,与印度的赤贫与酷热不无关系。     

《印度社会述论》序

《印度社会述论》一书由陈峰君副教授主编,参加撰稿的有北大南亚所、川大南亚所、华中师大历史研究所、吉大历史系、北大历史系、新华社、中联部、世经所等单位共10位多年从事印度研究的专家和学者。全书共42万字,分五编:历史演进、文化与宗教、民族与人口、社会各阶级、社会问题。该书在全面介绍印度社会各主要方面情况的基础上,归纳分析,提出了一系列带有理论性的看法,具有一定的学术价值。我国著名的印度专家季羡林先生专为此书撰写了序言,对此书给予充分的肯定和赞赏。该书由中国社会科学出版社正式出版。     

当代中国政治发展视域下儒学的功能及其实现路径

面对当代中国政治发展,需要从政治文化的角度出发,重新定位、诠释和发展儒学,进而理顺其与当代中国政治发展之间的关系。作为中国传统文化的主体,儒学参与当代中国政治发展,需要接受现代政治价值的规训。儒学在当代中国政治转型和发展中的作用,依其性质而言,可以划分为建设性功能和批判性功能。依据国家治理现代化的发展战略,积极参与社会主义政治价值体系建构、推动社会组织发展并努力实现理论转型,是儒学助力中国政治发展的有效路径选择。在这一发展过程中要立足社会政治实践,积极拥抱现代政治观念,杜绝不假思索地回归传统的激进理念和狭隘意义上的民族主义。     

印度“新邻国外交”战略及其对华影响

印度"新邻国外交"形成与深化的逻辑起点,缘于对地缘政治安全、区域软实力、地区领导力、大国地位等多重目标的综合战略设计。2014年莫迪上任伊始提出"新邻国外交",外交政策中亲和色彩渐浓,南亚战略作为印度大国战略重要组成,进取性日益突出。但随后霸权主义作风显现并屡屡干涉南亚邻国内政。2017年印度重拾胡萝卜政策,着力搞好与南亚邻国关系。以一个主轴、二个平台、三个支点为路径,印度把对南亚邻国政治、外交放在优先地位,以宗教、文化为纽带加强与邻国联系,提升软实力,试图挤压中国在南亚战略空间;通过积极推进"环孟加拉湾倡议"和"孟不印尼"合作组织发展,应对中国在南亚日益增长的影响力;通过促进次大陆更紧密的连通和整合,欲建立以印度为核心的南亚秩序。考察印度南亚战略新变化有助于我们理解印度政策利益关联,更好地规划和推动南亚区域"一带一路"建设进程。     

社会主义运动失利所形成的政治真空的后果

20世纪末全球对社会主义运动的系统性进攻和苏联的崩溃,既产生了全球化,也导致了本质上是反动的政治力量的兴起。 在西方,表现为宗教正统主义和民族主义—法西斯主义的兴起。俄克拉荷马城大爆炸是美国国内宗教和民族主义反动势力兴起的表现。反对社会福     

感受印度的魅力

印度具有悠久的历史和灿烂的文明,是一个充满神话传说,被人称之为"人种博物馆"、"宗教博物馆"和"语言博物馆"的东方大熔炉,其自然生态、民族风俗、社会人文等方面具有独特的、令人倾心的魅力.我在印度学习期间,对此深有感触.     

大象的威猛与蹒跚 印度之行散记

印度,一个神秘古老充满哲学和宗教气息的国家,漫长宁静的恒河千古不变地流淌在这片广袤的土地上,给智慧的印度人民带来了圣水,也把这个伟大的文明带进了21世纪的现代世界。印度是令人神往的,不仅因为几千年的文化沉淀,而且因为人人都在说印度崛起了。崛起的印度是个什么模样?除了发达的软件业、核武器、卫星上天以外,印度还给世界带来了什么?     

全球化与印度的工人

全球化在印度造成有组织部门的工人减少,而无组织部门的工人大量增加,工人队伍中还出现了知识工人和边际工两大新的力量群体.尽管不同的工人群体面临着不同的挑战,但印度工人作为一个整体也面临着一些共同的挑战.尽管形势不容乐观,但全球化还是促进了印度工人前所未有的新型团结与合作,激发了印度工人的创造力和自我发展的潜力.     

OECD imports of leather: Indian performance and real exchange rates of the Indian rupee

This article reports an econometric investigation of shares by source in imports of leather and leather manufactures into OECD markets over the period 1974–87, at four‐digit SITC level. The Indian share at each destination relative to that of other major exporters, taken serially and independently, is tested for sensitivity to relative price fluctuations as measured by the real bilateral exchange rate between the Indian rupee and the currency of the fellow exporter. The pattern of findings by product category and destination provides important guidelines for exchange rate policy and export strategy.     

Smuggling of Indian Citizens

Abstract

This study examines the smuggling of Indian citizens to other countries and aims at gaining an insight into the modus operandi of the smugglers. It is based on an empirical study of deportation cases of Indian citizens from other countries.

About three-quarters of the deportees who accessed the services of smugglers belonged to the State of Punjab. Almost 80 per cent of the deportees were young and in the age group of 18-30. About 28 per cent of the deportees succeeded in reaching their countries of destination with the help of smugglers. Thus, the success rate of illegal migration with the help of smugglers is higher by more than quarter than without them.

Individual deportees had paid sums varying from US$ 2000 to US$ 10,000 to smugglers. No correlations have been observed between the countries of destination and the amounts paid to smugglers.

The study has shown that smuggling of aliens is carried out by professional organizations with links in the countries of source, transition, and destination. The study concludes that so long as opportunities for legal migration are limited there will always be a demand for smugglers. In order to prevent and control smuggling an international co-operation among countries of source, transition, and destination would be imperative. It would also be desirable to widen the ambit of legal migration for low-skill jobs like in agriculture, construction works, and service sectors for limited periods through country-specific bilateral agreements.     

The Indian economic experiment

The aim of this paper is to study the effects of land tenure on agricultural production. This is an econometric study of production functions for the Ferozepur district of Punjab using Farm Management Studies data for 1968/69 and 1969/70. After a brief review of the theoretical literature, production functions are estimated to test for differences between small and large farms and for the relative inefficiency of tenants (on an inferior production function) relative to owners. We get slightly ambiguous results on the farm size issue but we find that the more land leased in by a farmer the less efficient he is.     

Competition and Demographics in Large Indian Cities

Recent studies suggest that consumer-household attributes may be as important in determining the level of competition in certain markets as firm characteristics and the number of firms. However, evidence on which consumer-household attributes matter for competition is limited, especially for developing countries. Focusing on India's retail sector, this article contributes to this literature by showing that the number of adult non-workers per household in the city, a proxy for shopping time opportunity cost, has a strong effect on competition between retailers. Policy implications of our findings in light of the ongoing dramatic reductions in non-workers in India are discussed.     

中印文化与当代世界

可以预计,在未来中印关系全面发展进程中,文化理解和文化交流可望扮演越来越重要的角色;而随着"中印崛起"日渐成为世界热门话题,未来的中印两国也会越来越多地展示自己的文化魅力.不仅如此,中印文化都是尚待发扬光大的文化,应当为全世界的和平与发展做出积极的贡献.     

认识和研究印度政党和政党政治的一部力作--简评《印度特色的政党和政党政治》一书

曹小冰同志撰写的<印度特色的政党和政党政治>一书已由当代世界出版社于今年6月出版了.这部30万字的专著是作者花费一年半的时间写成的,其心愿是能尽早将此书奉献给对这一课题感兴趣的读者们.     

Identities and the Indian state: An overview

The importance that IR theorists have traditionally given to sovereign statehood has decreased their ability to explain new issues of global heterogeneity and diversity. The need to explain the end of the cold war, the disintegration of the former Soviet Union and the revival of old identities as well as the eruption of ethnic conflict in various parts of the world has, therefore, led to the return of culture and identity in IR theory. The concept of nation-state in international relations is based on the assumption that humanity is divided into nations and each nation is entitled to a state of its own. Although a state can exist without a nation it does not have the same legitimacy as a nation-state. Thus post colonial states like India, which are often considered to have artificial boundaries and are made up of many ethnic groups, feel obliged to embark on nation-building and prove that they are a nation-state even though homogeneous nation-states are a dwindling minority. The rise of the BJP in India emphasises the importance of religious and cultural identities but still does not prove that India is a nation. There has always been a tension between national and subnational identities in India. Not everyone who lives within the territorial borders of India considers him/herself to be an Indian nationalist-for example, Kashmiris seeking independence. The central government has always been aware of this and has always given priority to the preservation of the unity and integrity of the country. Indeed the constitution of India, while giving recognition to the fact that India is a multi-ethnic state, does not given anyone the right to secede from the Union. However, it is difficult to say how far India has progressed in the past 50 years beyond mere political integration and towards the creation of a nation-state through the transfer of loyalties from regional or ethnic groups to the nation, whose legal expression is the Indian Union. In the long run this is the only thing that will preserve the Indian state as it exists today.